Ese umupira ushobora gukubita mu gituza bigatuma umutima uhagarara mu buryo butunguranye? Reka twige neza kuri Commotio Cordis!

Wigeze wumva umuntu akubitwa umupira mu gituza n'umupira wihuta mu gihe akina cricket cyangwa indi mikino iyo ari yo yose? Ibi biteye ubwoba cyane, si byo se? Akenshi dutekereza ko ari ugukomereka gato gusa. Ariko, mu bihe bidasanzwe, bishobora kuba indwara ikomeye cyane ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga . Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara y'umutima idakunze kugaragara, itunguranye kandi yihariye. Iyi yitwa 'Commotio Cordis' mu magambo y'ubuvuzi. Ibi bivuze 'guhungabana k'umutima' mu kilatini.

Niki `Commotio Cordis`? Muri make ...

Mu magambo make, 'Commotio Cordis' ni igihe umutima ukubita, mu gihe runaka, mu gihe runaka, uturutse ku kintu gito gikomeye (akenshi ni baseball cyangwa hockey puck), gihita gihindura umuvuduko usanzwe w'umutima, bigatera umutima utari mwiza ('ventricular fibrillation') bigatuma umutima uhagarara gukubita mu buryo butunguranye ('cardiac arrest'). Tekereza, umutima wacu ni urugingo rugoye cyane kandi rufite gahunda. Utera ukurikije uburyo bw'ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi. Muri iyi 'Commotio Cordis', imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima ihungabana mu gihe gikomeye cyane bitewe n'ingaruka z'iyo nkoni yo hanze. Ibi bimeze nk'imashini ikora neza ihita ikubitwa n'ahantu hatari ho, ikabangamira imikorere yayo.

Ni kangahe iyi miterere yitwa `Commotio Cordis`?

Mu by’ukuri, iyi ni indwara idasanzwe cyane. Ntugatinye. Nubwo wareba hirya no hino ku isi, abantu batarenze 30 banduye `Commotio Cordis` bagaragara buri mwaka. Rero iyi si indwara ifata buri wese. Ariko, nubwo idakunze kubaho, ingaruka ishobora gutera ni nyinshi, bityo ni ngombwa cyane kubimenya.

Umuntu arashobora kurokoka indwara yitwa `Commotio Cordis`?

Yego rwose birashoboka! Ariko bisaba ubuvuzi bwihuse . Iyo umuntu akubise igituza gutya akagwa, ni ngombwa cyane guhita ukora `CPR` (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) na `defibrillate` umutima ukoresheje `AED` (Automated External Defibrillator).

Ku bw'amahirwe, uko abantu bagiye barushaho gusobanukirwa iki kibazo uko igihe cyagiye gihita, amahirwe yo kurokoka yariyongereye cyane bitewe no kwiyongera kw'ikoreshwa ry'imashini za CPR na AED .

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Ibimenyetso nyamukuru bya `Commotio Cordis` ni:

• Gukurura no kugwa ukimara gukubitwa mu gituza. Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi.
• Imikorere y'umutima idasanzwe (`Ventricular Fibrillation`). Ibi bivuze ko icyumba cyo hasi cy'umutima gihita kinyeganyega aho gukompa amaraso neza.
• Guhagarara k'umutima mu buryo butunguranye (Guhagarara k'umutima).
• Gutakaza ubwenge.

Ibi bimenyetso biza mu buryo butunguranye. Hashobora kubaho ibimenyetso mu ntangiriro.

Niki gitera `Commotio Cordis`?

Kugira ngo iyi ndwara ishoboke, hari ibintu byinshi bigomba guhuzwa. Impamvu nyamukuru ni ugukubita uruhande rw'ibumoso rw'igituza, aho umutima uri, akenshi uturutse ku kintu gito kandi gikomeye, nka baseball, umupira wa lacrosse, cyangwa hockey puck, ku nguni ya dogere 90, ku muvuduko wa kilometero 40-50 ku isaha. Tekereza umupira w'uruhu wihuta cyane iyo ukina cricket, cyangwa ikindi gikoresho cya siporo kibabaza iyo kigeze ku mubiri. Ariko ibi ntibibaho kuri buri gukubita. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni igihe uku gukubita bibaho. Hari igihe cyihariye cyane, gito cyane mu 'mitsi y'umutima' y'umutima wacu, igihe icyumba cyo hasi ('ventricles') cy'umutima gifungana, gitera amaraso, hanyuma kikongera kuruhuka. Icyo ni cyo gihe uku gukubita bigomba kubaho. Hanyuma, bitewe n'ingaruka z'uko gukubita, imitsi y'umutima, igomba kuruhuka, ishobora gukururwa mu buryo butunguranye, biganisha ku kibazo cyavuzwe haruguru cya 'ventricular fibrillation'.

Gukubita birashobora gutera `Commotio Cordis`?

Yego, mu buryo bw'imitekerereze birashoboka. Ariko kuri ibyo, ibintu byose byavuzwe mbere bigomba kubahirizwa. Ni ukuvuga ko gukubita bigomba kuba ibumoso bw'igituza, ku nguni ya dogere 90, ku muvuduko wa kilometero 40 ku isaha cyangwa zirenga, kandi muri ako kanya mu mutima. Amahirwe yo kuba ibi byabaho iyo umuntu akubiswe mu ntambara isanzwe ni make cyane.

Ninde ufite ibyago byinshi bya `Commotio Cordis`?

Nubwo iyi ndwara ishobora kugera kuri buri wese, hari abantu bamwe bafite ibyago byinshi byo kuyirwara:

• Ku bakina siporo: Cyane cyane ku bakina siporo zikoresha imipira ikomeye cyangwa ibikoresho, nka baseball, lacrosse, softball, hockey. Mu gihugu cyacu, ni byiza kwitonda kuri ibi no muri cricket.
• Ku rubyiruko ruri munsi y'imyaka 20: Iyi ndwara ikunze kwibasira abantu bari hagati y'imyaka 15. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'uko urugingo rw'amagufwa yo mu gituza rw'urubyiruko rutarakura neza, bigatuma habaho amahirwe menshi yo gukubitwa no gukubitwa mu mutima.
• Ku bagabo: Ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane ku bahungu kurusha abakobwa. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'uko abahungu bakunze gukora siporo nyinshi zo guhuza ibitsina.

Ni izihe ngorane za `Commotio Cordis`?

Ingorane nyamukuru kandi iteje akaga cyane muri ibi ni urupfu rutunguranye ruturutse ku ndwara y'umutima.Nk’uko bitangazwa n’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe ubuzima bw’umutima n’imitsi, abantu barenga 220 bapfuye bazize iyi ndwara kuva mu 1996. Kubwibyo, iki si ikintu cyo gufata nk'ikintu cyoroshye.

Nigute ushobora kumenya `Commotio Cordis`?

Iyo umuntu, cyane cyane ukiri muto, akubiswe mu gituza ibumoso ubwo yakinaga siporo agahita agwa, umuganga ashobora gukeka ko ari "Commotio Cordis". Ariko, iki ni "isuzuma ry'itandukaniro" . Ibi bivuze ko abaganga babanza kureba niba hari izindi mpamvu zisanzwe, nko kurwara indwara y'umutima. Iyo nta mpamvu nk'izo, batekereza ko ari "Commotio Cordis" ishobora kuba ari yo mpamvu. Nyuma yo gutanga "CPR" na "defibrillation" byihuse, ibizamini bikurikira bishobora gukorerwa mu bitaro:

• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Igenzura imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima.
• Gupima amaraso : Kugira ngo harebwe niba umutima wangiritse cyangwa hari ibindi bibazo.
• Echocardiogram: Isuzuma ry'umutima rigamije kureba imiterere n'imikorere y'umutima .
• MRI y'umutima cyangwa CT scan : Shaka amashusho yumvikana neza y'umutima.
• Gupima umutima hakoreshejwe catheter: Ikizamini cyo kugenzura ibintu nk'ibiziba mu mitsi y'amaraso y'umutima.

Nigute `Commotio Cordis` ifatwa?

Kwitabaza byihuse kwa muganga ni ngombwa ku muntu ufite ikibazo cya `Commotio Cordis`. Nubona ikibazo nk'iki, hamagara vuba kuri 119/1990 utangire `CPR` ubwawe. Niba bishoboka, shaka vuba imashini ya `AED` uyikoreshe. Nyuma yo gutanga ubuvuzi bwihutirwa, umurwayi yinjira mu bitaro kandi hagakorwa isuzuma ryuzuye kugira ngo harebwe izindi ndwara z'umutima zitaramenyekana. Mu bitaro, imikorere y'umutima irakurikiranwa.

Uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura

Iyo umurwayi mukuru ufite `Commotio Cordis` atazi neza kandi adashobora gukurikiza amabwiriza, abaganga bashobora gukoresha uburyo bwo kuvura bwitwa `thérapeutic hypothermia`. Ibi bikubiyemo gukarisha umurwayi, gushyiramo umuyoboro w'umwuka, no kugabanya ubushyuhe bw'umubiri kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 32-34 (89.6-93.2 Fahrenheit) mu gihe cy'amasaha agera kuri 12-24. Ibi bikorwa hakoreshejwe imashini zikonjesha, udupaki tw'urubura, amazi akonje ya `IV`, n'ibirahuri bikonjesha. Ibi bifasha kugabanya umuvuduko wa ogisijeni ikoreshwa n'ubwonko kandi bikarinda kubyimba. Hanyuma, umubiri wongera gushyuha buhoro buhoro mu masaha menshi.

Ingaruka mbi z'ubuvuzi

Uburyo bwo kuvura nka `hypothermia ivura` rimwe na rimwe bushobora gutera ingaruka mbi. Urugero:

• 'Umusonga'
• Sepsis (uburozi mu maraso)
• Umutima utari usanzwe
• Kugabanya ubushobozi bw'amaraso bwo kuvura (coagulopathy)

Nigute wagabanya ibyago bya `Commotio Cordis`?

Nubwo ibi bidashobora kwirindwa burundu, hari ibintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago:

• Kwambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda: Kwambara ibikoresho byo kurinda igituza bishobora gutanga uburinzi. Ariko, hari abagiye barwara 'Commotio Cordis' nubwo byambarwaga.
• Ibikoresho bya siporo byizewe: Gukoresha ibintu nka "baseball yoroshye", byagenewe cyane cyane abakinnyi bakiri bato.
• Ubumenyi n'imyiteguro (iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane!):
• Ni ngombwa ko abatoza, abarimu n'abakozi ba siporo bahugurwa ku buryo bwo kumenya `Commotio Cordis` n'uburyo bwo gukora `CPR`.
• Tugomba gukora ku buryo ahantu ho gukinira imikino haba hari imashini za AED zoroshye kuhagera kandi zikora neza.
• Kugira gahunda y’ibikorwa byihutirwa (EAP) iteguwe neza kandi ikora neza ni ingenzi kugira ngo umuntu avurwe vuba.

Tekereza ukuntu byaba biruhura cyane iyo haba hari "AED" aho umwana wawe akinira, cyangwa aho ukinira, kandi hari umuntu uzi kuyikoresha.

Ni iki wakwitega uramutse uhuye na 'Commotio Cordis'?

Abaganga nibagusuzuma bakemeza ko nta bindi bibazo by'umutima wawe, ntuzakenera ubundi buvuzi nyuma yo gukira indwara ya 'Commotio Cordis'. Ariko, nibasanga ufite indwara y'umutima itaramenyekanye, yavukanye cyangwa iy'umubiri, uzakenera kuvurwa kuri iyo ndwara.

Ese nshobora kongera gutangira gukina?

Nyuma yuko umutima wawe umaze gusuzumwa neza, harimo no gupimwa EKG, Echocardiogram, MRI cyangwa CT scan y'umutima, no gupimwa stress, ushobora gusubira gukina siporo. Ariko, niba muganga wawe abonye ikibazo cy'umutima wawe, cyangwa niba hari ibyago bike cyangwa binini byo kongera kurwara Commotio Cordis, ushobora kugirwa inama yo kwirinda siporo zishobora kwangiza igituza cyawe.

Ni iki giteganijwe mu gihe kizaza ku bijyanye n'ikibazo cya 'Commotio Cordis'?

`Commotio Cordis` ni yo mpamvu ya kabiri itera impfu zitunguranye z'umutima mu bakinnyi bakiri bato. Iya mbere ni `hypertrophic cardiomyopathy` (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). Iyo ivuwe vuba, igipimo cyo kubaho ni hafi 59%. Ibyo bivuze ko abantu barenga umwe kuri babiri bashobora kurokorwa. Ariko, abatabonye `CPR` vuba, cyangwa abafite indwara z'umutima bavukanye, bafite amahirwe make yo kubaho.

Nitwara nte?

Niba umuganga w’indwara z’umutima aravuze ko nta kibazo kiri mu mutima wawe, ushobora kudakenera kwitabwaho. Ariko, niba basanze hari ikibazo cy’umutima utazi, ugomba kukivurwa. Nubwo nta kibazo cy’umutima ufite, ni byiza kwisuzumisha nibura rimwe mu mwaka.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze (ER)?

Niba ufite ikibazo cy'umutima, ushobora kongera gukenera ubuvuzi bwihutirwa. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, bwira umuntu uri hafi guhamagara 119/1990 ako kanya:

• Kubabara mu gatuza
• Kumva umutima wawe urimo gutera cyane ('umutima utera cyane')
• Guhumeka nabi
• Ubuhanga bworoshye
• Gupfa inzara

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Ushobora kubaza muganga ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ese mfite indwara z'umutima zisaba kuvurwa?
• Ese nshobora kongera gukina imikino yo guhatana?
• Ni iki nkwiye gukora kugira ngo wirinde ko igituza cyanjye cyangirika kurushaho?

Gukubitwa mu gituza ni ikintu giteye ishozi. Ariko, amahirwe yo kurokoka nyuma ya `Commotio Cordis` ari menshi cyane muri iki gihe ugereranyije n’igihe cyashize. Iyo uhawe ubufasha bwihuse ku muganga, abantu benshi bashobora gukira. Niba muganga wawe agusuzumye neza niba ufite ikibazo cy’umutima, kurikiza amabwiriza ye neza. Imyitozo ya `CPR` no kuboneka kw’imashini za `AED` bishobora kuzana amahoro menshi mu mutima ku bitabira siporo bashobora kurwara `Commotio Cordis`.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Sawa, rero ndizera ko usobanukiwe neza na `Commotio Cordis` twavuze uyu munsi. Wibuke ko ibi ari ibintu bidasanzwe, ariko bishobora guteza akaga cyane iyo bibaye.

Igikuru ni uko, niba umuntu akubiswe igituza mu buryo butunguranye mu gihe arimo gukina siporo, ntukabifate nk'aho ari ibintu byoroshye. Tanga ubufasha bwihutirwa bw'ubuvuzi (CPR, gukoresha AED, kujya mu bitaro).

Nk'abatoza, ababyeyi, n'abakinnyi, gukomeza kumenya ibi, kubona imyitozo ya CPR nibiba ngombwa, no kugenzura AEDs ku bibuga by'imikino bishobora kudufasha kurokora ubuzima. Dukine neza, tugire ubuzima bwiza!

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` commotio cordis, indwara y'umutima, ububabare mu gituza, imvune za siporo, umutima uhagaze giturumbuka, ventricular fibrillation, CPR, AED, umutima uhagaze, cardiopulmonary resuscitation