Ese umutima wawe urimo kubona amaraso ahagije? Reka tuvuge ku bijyanye no kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso mu mitsi (CFR)

Ese wigeze wibaza uko umutima wacu umera iyo dukora siporo, twiruka cyangwa tuzamuka ingazi? Muri icyo gihe, umutima uba ukeneye ogisijeni nyinshi kuruta uko byari bisanzwe. Kugira ngo uhaze ubwo bukene bw’ogisijeni, ingano y’amaraso atembera mu mitsi y’umutima itanga amaraso mu mutima ubwayo nayo igomba kwiyongera. Rero, ubushobozi bw’umutima wawe bwo kongera amaraso iyo akenewe bwitwa gusa Coronary Flow Reserve (CFR). Ibi ni nk’ 'imbaraga zo kubika' z’umutima wawe.

Igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amaraso mu mitsi yo mu bwonko (CFR) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, uburyo amaraso atembera mu mitsi y'umutima (CFR) ni igipimo cy'uko amaraso atembera mu mitsi y'umutima ashobora kwiyongera mu gihe cyo gukora cyane. Ibi bishobora guha muganga wawe amakuru y'ingirakamaro ku buzima bw'umutima wawe, cyane cyane imiterere y'imitsi itanga amaraso mu mutima wawe (imitsi y'umutima).

Tekereza kuri ubu buryo. Iyo wicaye ku ntebe, umutima wawe ukeneye amaraso runaka. Ariko iyo wirutse ukurikiye bisi mu buryo butunguranye, akazi k'umutima wawe karazamuka cyane. Hanyuma umutima wawe ukeneye ogisijeni ikubye inshuro eshatu cyangwa enye ugereranije n'ibisanzwe. Imitsi y'amaraso y'umutima muzima ishobora guhangana n'ubu bwiyongere bw'ubwiyongere bw'amaraso, yongera amaraso ako kanya. Ikizamini cya CFR gipima ubushobozi bw'umutima wawe bwo kubikora.

Iki kizamini gifasha kumenya hakiri kare niba ufite indwara y'imitsi itera umutima cyangwa niba ushobora kurwara indwara nk'indwara y'umutima mu gihe kizaza.

Agaciro ka CFR kabarwa gute?

Uburyo ibi bibarwa biroroshye cyane. Muganga wawe apima amaraso anyura mu mutima wawe mu buryo bubiri.

1. Amaraso atembera mu gihe cyo kuruhuka: Ibi bipima ingano y'amaraso atembera mu mutima iyo uri kuruhuka, nta myitozo ngororamubiri.

2. Amaraso menshi atembera: Umutima uhatirwa gupompa amaraso ku mbaraga nyinshi (hatangwa umuti kuri ibi), kandi ingano ntarengwa y'amaraso atembera muri icyo gihe irapimwa.

Hanyuma, uru rujya n'uruza rw'amaraso rugabanywa n'uruza rw'amaraso rusigaye.

CFR = (Amaraso ntarengwa atembera neza) / (Amaraso aruhuka atembera neza)

Urugero, niba amaraso yawe ntarengwa akubye inshuro eshatu uruhuka, agaciro ka CFR kaba 3.

Igiciro mpuzandengo cya CFR ni iki?

CFR y'umuntu muzima igomba kuba iri hagati ya 2.0 na 2.5 . Ibi bivuze ko umutima ugomba kuba ushobora gupompa amaraso byibuze inshuro ebyiri z'ayo ushobora kupompa iyo uri mu kiruhuko. Ku muntu muzima cyane, iki gipimo gishobora kuba 3, 4, cyangwa kirenzeho.

• Niba agaciro ka CFR kari munsi ya 2.0:Ibi bivuze ko hashobora kuba hari ikibazo ku mitsi y'amaraso mu mutima. Wenda imitsi y'amaraso iba yafunganye (yarafunze). Abantu nk'aba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara z'umutima mu gihe kizaza.
• Iyo agaciro ka CFR karenze 2.0: Bigaragaza ko imikorere y'imitsi y'amaraso mu mutima iri ku rwego rwiza.

Nigute wakora ikizamini cya CFR?

Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo gukora iki kizamini: bumwe ni uburyo bwo kwibasira, burimo gushyira igikoresho mu mubiri, ubundi ni uburyo bwo hanze, burimo kugikora nta kwibasira.

Wakwitegura ute mbere yo gukora ikizamini?

Muganga wawe azagusobanurira ibi. Muri rusange, ugomba kwitonda kuri ibi bintu.

• Amakuru ku miti: Bwira muganga wawe imiti yose ufata (yaba imiti yanditswe na muganga cyangwa imiti igurishwa na muganga). Imiti imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku kuzura kw'amaraso kandi ushobora gusabwa kuyihagarika umunsi umwe mbere y'ikizamini.
• Allergie: Menya neza ko utubwire niba ufite allergie ku miti iyo ari yo yose cyangwa irangi ritandukanye.
• Kwiyiriza ubusa: Niba uri gupimwa umutima cyangwa gupimwa PET, uzagirwa inama yo kwirinda kurya cyangwa kunywa amasaha 6-8 mbere yo kwipimisha.
• Ku bijyanye na MRI: Ntushobora kwambara ibintu by'icyuma (imitako, amasaha) ku mubiri wawe. Niba ufite igikoresho nk'icyuma gifasha mu gupima umutima imbere mu mubiri wawe, baza muganga wawe mbere y'igihe niba nta kibazo kirimo kuri MRI.

Ni iki wakwitega mu gihe cy'ikizamini?

Uko uburyo bwo gupima wakoresha bwaba buri kose, umuyoboro wa IV (cannula) uzashyirwa mu kuboko kwawe. Intambwe z'ikizamini zizamera gutya.

1. Igipimo cy'uko umuntu aruhuka: Ubwa mbere, amaraso atembera mu mutima wawe apimwa mu gihe utuje kandi utuje.

2. Gutanga umuti: Hanyuma, umuti (vasodilator) wagura imiyoboro y'amaraso mu mutima wawe kandi ukongera urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso utangwa binyuze mu muyoboro wa IV. Umuti ukoreshwa cyane ni Adenosine . Iyo utanzwe, urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso mu mutima ruriyongera inshuro 4-5 mu minota 2-3.

3. Igipimo cy'umuvuduko: Iyo amaraso atembera neza nyuma yo guhabwa umuti, amaraso atembera neza yongera gupimwa.

4. Kugereranya: Amaherezo, ibi bipimo bibiri bigereranywa kugira ngo harebwe agaciro ka CFR yawe.

Niba urimo guterwa umuti wo mu mutima (cardiac catheterization), ushobora guhabwa umuti wo kugabanya ububabare kugira ngo ushobore gusinzira neza. Ibi bizagufasha kugabanya ububabare. Mu gihe ugiye gupimwa, ni ngombwa cyane kuguma uhagaze kugira ngo ubone amashusho asobanutse neza.

Bigenda bite nyuma y'ikizamini?

Nyuma yo kwipimisha, ushobora kubaho nk'uko bisanzwe, ariko ugomba kwitonda ku bintu bimwe na bimwe.

• Niba warigeze gukorerwa catheter y'umutima, uzakenera kugumisha ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru aho catheter yashyizwe hahagaze mu gihe cy'isaha imwe kugira ngo wirinde kuva amaraso.
• Muganga azakugira inama yo kunywa amazi menshi kugira ngo irangi ritandukanye rive mu mubiri wawe vuba.
• Niba wahawe umuti wo kugabanya ububabare, ntushobora gutwara imodoka uwo munsi. Ni ngombwa ko hagira umuntu uguherekeza mu rugo.

Ese hari ingaruka cyangwa ingaruka mbi kuri iki kizamini?

Ikizamini cya CFR muri rusange ni ikizamini cyizewe cyane, ariko kimwe n'ibindi bizamini byose by'ubuvuzi, hari ingaruka ntoya cyane.

• Ingaruka zijyanye na catheter:Mu gihe cyo gushyiramo katheta ku mutima, amaraso afungana, kwangirika kw'imitsi y'amaraso, cyangwa kuva amaraso bishobora kubaho gake cyane.
• Ingaruka mbi za adenosine: Hari abantu bashobora kugira ibi bikurikira mu masegonda make nyuma yo guhabwa uyu muti:
• Imivuduko y'umutima idasanzwe
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso
• Guhumeka bigoranye
• Kubabara mu gatuza

Ibi bimenyetso birashira burundu umuti ukimara gushira (mu munota umwe) . Nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayikishwa nacyo.

Ibisubizo bivuze iki kandi tuzabimenya ryari?

CFR yawe ni umubare ukubwira ingano y'amaraso umutima wawe ushobora gukompa iyo ufite stress.

Bishobora gufata iminsi mike kugira ngo muganga asuzume ibisubizo by'ibizamini kandi atange raporo. Hari igihe, niba ibisubizo ari bibi, abandi bahanga bashobora kugisha inama.

Niba ibisubizo byawe bigaragaza ko ufite ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima, muganga wawe azaguha gahunda yo kuvura kugira ngo agabanye ibyo byago.