Tekereza kurya ifunguro riryoshye, impumuro nziza y'indabyo, umwenyura iyo ubonye inshuti, urira iyo ubabaye... Ese wigeze wibaza uko ibi byose bibaho? Inyuma y'ibi byose hari itsinda ryihariye ry'imitsi ituruka mu bwonko bwacu. Iyi mitsi igenzura imikorere y'umutwe wacu, ijosi, n'igituza. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri iyi mitsi 12 y'ingenzi cyane.
Iyi mitsi yo mu mutwe ni iki?
Mu magambo make, izi ni imitsi 12 itangira mu nsi y'ubwonko bwacu, yohereza ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi ku ngingo zimwe na zimwe zo mu mutwe wacu, mu maso, mu ijosi no mu gituza. Mu by'ukuri, ibyumviro byacu bitanu bikora, dukora isura zitandukanye, duhumbya, tuzunguza indimi zacu, kandi tugakora amarira n'amacandwe bitewe n'iyo mitsi. Ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'imikorere y'ubwonko bwacu.
Reka turebe icyo iyi mitsi 12 ari cyo n'icyo ikora.
| Imitsi | Imikorere y'ingenzi |
|---|---|
| 1. Imitsi ihumura | Ifasha mu kumva impumuro . Uyu mutsi ujyana ibyiyumvo biterwa n'uduce tw'impumuro twinjira mu mazuru mu bwonko. |
| 2. Imitsi y'amaso | Bifitanye isano no kureba . Bitwara amakuru y'ishusho kuva kuri retina y'ijisho kugeza ku bwonko. |
| 3. Imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa Oculomotor | Bifasha mu kwimura ijisho binyuze mu gukora imitsi myinshi ikikije ijisho. Binagenzura ingano y'impeta y'umukara mu jisho, bitewe n'urumuri. |
| 4. Imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa Trochlear | Indi mitsi yihariye mu jisho irakora kugira ngo ifashe kuzunguruka ijisho rikamanuka no imbere . |
| 5. Imitsi yo mu bwoko bwa Trigeminal | Igizwe n'ibice bitatu by'ingenzi. Itwara ibintu nko gukorakora no kubabara biva mu bice bitandukanye by'umutwe, nko mu ruhu rwo mu maso no mu menyo, ikabishyira mu bwonko. |
| 6. Kugabanya imitsi | Igenzura indi mitsi mu jisho kandi igafasha kwerekeza ijisho ku mpande, ni ukuvuga hanze . |
| 7. Imitsi yo mu maso | Igenzura isura y'umuntu (kumwenyura, gukubita amaso) . Igice cy'imbere cy'ururimi gifasha kandi mu gusobanukirwa uburyohe no gukora amacandwe n'amarira. |
| 8. Imitsi ya Vestibulocochlear | Ibi bifite ibice bibiri: Kimwe gifasha mu kumva , ikindi kigafasha mu kubungabunga uburinganire bw'umubiri. |
| 9. Imitsi ya Glossopharyngeal | Inyuma y'umuhogo, inyuma y'ururimi, igira uruhare mu buryohe n'uburyohe , ndetse no mu nzira yo kumira . |
| 10. Imitsi yo mu nda y'umukara (vagus nerve) | Uyu ni wo mutsi muremure cyane wo mu mutwe. Ugenzura imikorere myinshi yikora, nko gutera umutima, guhumeka, no gusya . |
| 11. Imitsi yo mu bwonko | Ifasha mu gukora imitsi y'ijosi n'amatugu . Uyu mutsi ni wo uhindura umutwe uva ku ruhande ujya ku rundi no kuzamura amatugu. |
| 12. Imitsi yo mu bwonko itera umwijima | Uyu mutsi ugenzura hafi ya zose zigenda z'ururimi . Ukoreshwa mu kuzunguruka ururimi kugira ngo ruvuge, rurye, kandi ruzunguruke ururimi. |
Iyi mitsi iherereye he?
Muri izi nerve 12, ebyiri (imitsi ihumura n'iy'amaso) zikomoka mu bwonko, igice kinini cy'ubwonko bwacu. Izindi nerve 10 zikomoka mu bwonko, buhuza ubwonko n'umugongo mu ruti rw'umugongo rwacu.
Ariko ibi ni intangiriro gusa. Iyi mitsi ikwirakwira mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri bitewe n'imikorere yayo. Urugero, umutsi wo mu nda twavuze mbere ni wo muremure. Unyura mu ijosi, mu gituza, ukagera ku mutima, mu bihaha no mu igogora.
Ni gute wamenya ikibazo cy'imitsi yo mu bwonko?
Iyi mitsi 12 ni ingenzi ku mikorere y'umutwe wacu no mu maso. Ndetse n'ibyangiritse bito kuri yo bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi. Kubera ko myinshi muri iyi mitsi iherereye hafi y'ubuso bw'agahanga, irangirika byoroshye mu mpanuka.
Ibimenyetso biratandukanye bitewe n'imitsi yangiritse. Urugero, iyo imitsi ihumeka yangiritse, impumuro irabura. Iyo imitsi yo mu maso yangiritse, isura ntishobora kugenzurwa.
Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'intege nke z'imitsi birimo:
- Kubura kumva cyangwa kugira ibinya mu gice cy'isura
- Intege nke z'imitsi yo mu maso cyangwa mu ijosi
- Umunaniro rusange n'intege nke
- Ububabare mu maso, mu mutwe, cyangwa mu ijosi
- Guhinduka kw'amaso (kubona kabiri, kutabona neza)
- Gutakaza uburinganire mu mubiri
- Kugorwa no kumira ibiryo cyangwa amazi
Ni izihe ndwara zigira ingaruka kuri iyi mitsi?
Iyi mitsi ishobora kwangirika bitewe n'indwara zitandukanye, harimo:
- Ububabare bukomeye ku ruhande rumwe rw'isura - Trigeminal neuralgia
- Bell's palsy - intege nke z'imitsi yo ku ruhande rumwe rw'isura
- Igisebe cy'imitsi
- Ihungabana ry'ubwonko (TBI)
- Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko
- Indwara z'imitsi nka 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)'
- Kubabara mu maso - gutitira kw'imitsi ku ruhande rumwe rw'isura ku bushake
- Ububabare bukomeye mu muhogo no mu matwi - Glossopharyngeal neuralgia
Ni gute twakomeza kugira iyi mitsi y'agaciro ikomeye?
Ku bw'amahirwe, dushobora gukumira kwangirika kw'iyi mitsi dukoresheje imico myiza yo kubaho.
- Kurya indyo yuzuye .
- Komeza kugira ibiro bizima .
- Irinde kunywa itabi burundu.
- Niba ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso , genzura uko muganga agutegetse.
- Irinde ibintu bishobora gutera imvune mu mutwe (urugero: kwambara ingofero mu gihe utwaye igare).
- Fata ingamba zo kwirinda diyabete .
- Genzura inzoga unywa .
- Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?
Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, cyangwa ukeka ko ufite ikibazo cy’iyi mitsi, icyiza wakora ni ukujya kwa muganga w’umuryango wawe. Azakohereza kwa muganga w’indwara z’ubwonko nibiba ngombwa.
Ariko, hari ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe ugomba kwihutira gushaka abaganga mu gihe bigaragaye. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara ikomeye nka stroke, bityo ni ngombwa cyane kujya mu bitaro bikuru byita ku buzima bw'abantu (ETU) biri hafi aho.
| Jya kuri ETU ako kanya! |
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Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Imitsi yo mu mutwe ni imitsi 12 y’ingenzi ituruka mu bwonko bwacu kandi ikagenzura kureba, kumva, guhumurirwa, uburyohe, ingendo zo mu maso, n'ibindi.
- Ibimenyetso nko kugira ibisebe mu maso, intege nke z'imitsi, impinduka mu kureba no kugorwa no kumira bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uko hari ikibazo kuri iyi mitsi.
- Ubuzima bwiza (indyo yuzuye, imyitozo ngororamubiri, no kwirinda kunywa itabi) bigira uruhare runini mu kurinda iyi mitsi.
- Niba ubonye ibimenyetso nko kunama k'uruhande rumwe rw'isura yawe cyangwa kuvuga nabi, bishobora kuba indwara yo mu bwonko, bityo jya ku ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bw'ibanze (ETU) riri hafi yawe vuba.
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