Ese uturemangingo tw'amaraso yawe turi hasi? Reka tuvuge kuri cytopenia!

Ese rimwe na rimwe wumva unaniwe kandi unaniwe? Cyangwa uhora urwara? Birashoboka ko ibi biterwa n'uko ufite ubwoko buke bw'uturemangingo mu maraso yawe. Mu buvuzi, iyi ndwara tuyita cytopenia. Ntugahangayike, reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'uturemangingo turi mu maraso yacu? Bigenda bite iyo tugabanutse?

Noneho, reka tubanze turebe ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'uturemangingo mu maraso yacu n'icyo dukora. Nk'uko ibice bitandukanye by'imodoka bihurira hamwe kugira ngo bikore, ubwo bwoko bwose butatu bw'uturemangingo ni ingenzi cyane mu gutuma imibiri yacu ikomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza.

• Uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso (Erythrocytes): Utu ni uturemangingo dutwara ogisijeni mu mibiri yacu yose. Tekereza gato, buri gice gito cy'umubiri wacu gikeneye ingufu kugira ngo gikore. Ogisijeni utu turemangingo dutukura dufite ifasha gutanga izo ngufu.
• Uturemangingo tw’amaraso (Leukocytes): Tumeze nk’abarinda umubiri. Iyo mikorobe, nka bagiteri, virusi, udukoko, n’ibihumyo, zinjiye mu mubiri, utwo turemangingo tw’umweru turazirwanya kandi zikaturinda indwara. Ni zo ngingo z’ingenzi z’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wacu.
• Platelets (Thrombocytes): Wigeze wibaza uburyo gucika gato bishobora guhagarika kuva amaraso? Izi platelets zirafasha muri ibyo. Iyo kuva amaraso kubayeho, izi platelets ziraterana zigakora ikibyimba cy'amaraso, bigatuma kuva amaraso kuhagarara. Bitabaye ibyo, dushobora gutakaza amaraso menshi ndetse no mu gucika gato.

None se, hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa cytopenia?

Yego, birumvikana. Cytopenia si indwara imwe. Ishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tubura mu maraso yawe.

• Anemia: Ushobora kuba warumvise ibi. Ni indwara aho uturemangingo dutukura tuba duke. None se bigenda bite? Ingano ya ogisijeni igera ku mubiri iragabanuka.
• Leukopenia: Uku ni ukugabanuka k'umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera. Wibuke ko uturemangingo tw'umweru ari two turwanya indwara. Rero iyo tugabanutse, tuba dufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara. Indi ndwara ifitanye isano n'ibi yitwa neutropenia . Uku ni ukugabanuka k'ubwoko bwihariye bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera twitwa neutrophils. Neutrophils ni zo nyinshi mu turemangingo tw'amaraso twera.
• Thrombocytopenia: Iyi ni igabanuka ry'umubare wa platelets, zifasha amaraso kubumba. Iyo ari make, amaraso ntabwo abumba neza. Ndetse n'igisebe gito gishobora gutera amaraso menshi, cyangwa bikagorana guhagarika kuva.
• Pancytopenia: Iyi ni indwara ikomeye kurushaho. Iyi niyo iyo uturemangingo dutatu dutukura twavuzwe haruguru, uturemangingo twera, na plaquettes bigabanuka icyarimwe.

Hari urundi rwego, rushingiye ku mpamvu itera iyi cytopenia:

• Cytopenia y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri:Hari igihe ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwacu butangira kwibasira uturemangingo tw'amaraso dufite ubuzima bwiza. Ni nko gutera amabuye mu rugo rwacu. Iyo ibyo bibaye, uturemangingo tw'amaraso rimwe cyangwa menshi dushobora kubura.
• Cytopenia yo mu magufwa yacu ikora uturemangingo tw’amaraso. Iba mu magufwa amwe manini, nk’ikirungo. Rero, iri ni ryo zina ry’indwara ibaho iyo uturemangingo tw’amagufwa tudakora uturemangingo tw’amaraso mu buryo busanzwe, ni ukuvuga iyo ikorwa ry’uturemangingo tw’amaraso rigabanuka.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso tubona iyo utwo turemangingo tw'amaraso tugabanuka?

Ikibazo cyiza. Kuko si buri wese ufite ibimenyetso. Hari abantu bashobora kuba batazi ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose, kandi bivumburwa ku bw'amahirwe binyuze mu gupima amaraso. Ariko iyo babikoze, ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bw'uturemangingo twagabanutse, ingano yatwo, n'impamvu nyamukuru.

Reka turebe imiterere ishobora gukoreshwa kuri buri bwoko:

Ibimenyetso by'uko uturemangingo dutukura dufite amaraso make (anemia):

• Kumva unaniwe kandi nta buzima mfite igihe cyose.
• Guhumeka bigoranye (dyspnea) bibaho iyo umuntu akora ikintu kitoroshye, nko kuzamuka ingazi.
• Umutima utera ku buryo budasanzwe cyangwa utera vuba.
• Uruhu ruhinduka ibara ry'umukara n'ubukonje .
• Hari igihe umuntu ashobora kubabara mu gituza .

Ibimenyetso by'uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umweru turi hasi (leukopenia/neutropenia):

• Numva ndushye gusa.
• Umuriro n'ubukonje .
• Kubabara mu muhogo (Pharyngitis)
• Ibisebe byo mu kanwa .
• Inkorora ikomeye.
• Impiswi .
• Utunyangingo tw'imitsi tubyimbye.

Ibimenyetso by'umubare muto wa platelet mu maraso (thrombocytopenia):

• Kuba n'agahu gato gashobora gutuma amaraso avuka ku mubiri byoroshye.
• Kuva amaraso bidashira iyo ugize igikomere, cyangwa kuva amaraso igihe kirekire .
• Hari igihe utudomo duto dutukura cyangwa umuhengeri (petechiae) tugaragara ku ruhu. Mu by'ukuri utu duto duto two kuva amaraso munsi y'uruhu.

Kuki uturemangingo tw'amaraso yanjye tugabanuka gutya? Ni izihe mpamvu zibitera?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zitera iyi ndwara yitwa cytopenia. Mu magambo make, hari impamvu ebyiri z'ingenzi. Imwe ni uko hari ikibazo mu ikorwa ry'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dukomoka mu musokoro w'amagufwa navuze mbere. Cyangwa, nyuma y'uko uturemangingo tw'amaraso tukorewe mu musokoro w'amagufwa twongerwa mu maraso, utwo turemangingo turangirika kubera impamvu runaka.

Zimwe muri izi mpamvu zishobora kuba zikomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo. Zimwe zishobora kuboneka, zikaza nyuma .

Impamvu zishobora gutera kubura amaraso:

Kubura amaraso mu mubiri akenshi biterwa no kubura imirire.Kubera ko. Cyane cyane kubura icyuma `(Kubura amaraso mu mubiri)` . Intungamubiri nka icyuma, vitamine B12 `(Vitamine B12)`, na folate `(Folate)` ni ingenzi kugira ngo umusokoro wacu w'amagufwa ukore uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura dufite ubuzima bwiza. Iyo ibi bidahagije, uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura turagabanuka. Byongeye kandi, kubura amaraso bishobora no guterwa no kuva amaraso (biterwa n'imvune, kubagwa, nibindi) ndetse n'indwara zisenya uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura.

• Indwara z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
• Indwara z'amaraso n'indwara z'umusemburo w'amagufwa
• Kanseri
• Indwara z'uturemangingo
• Kubura G6PD
• Imiti imwe n'imwe
• Kubura imirire
• Gutwita
• Kubura kwa pyruvate kinase
• Indwara y'uturemangingo tw'umutsi
• Thalassemia

Impamvu zishobora gutera Leukopenia/Neutropenia:

Uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri, cyane cyane imiti ivura kanseri n'imirasire, ni byo bituma uturemangingo tw'umweru tuba duke. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bwica uturemangingo twa kanseri, ariko nk'ingaruka mbi, uturemangingo tumwe na tumwe tuzima (nk'uturemangingo tw'amaraso) natwo dushobora kwangirika.

• Indwara z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
• Indwara z'amaraso n'amagufwa
• Kanseri
• Uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri
• Indwara z'uturemangingo
• Indwara zandurira mu mubiri
• Imiti imwe n'imwe
• Kubura imirire

Impamvu zishobora gutera thrombocytopenia:

• Indwara yo kunywa inzoga
• Indwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri, urugero , Thrombocytopenia y'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri
• Indwara z'amaraso n'umusemburo w'amagufwa, nka Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TPP)
• Kanseri
• Uburyo bwo kuvura kanseri
• Indwara z'uturemangingo
• Indwara zandurira mu mubiri
• Imiti imwe n'imwe, urugero nko kuvura indwara ya heparin iterwa na thrombocytopenia (HIT)
• Kubura imirire
• Gutwita
• Guhura n'ibinyabutabire by'uburozi

Hariho kandi ubwoko bwa cytopenia aho impamvu nyayo idashobora kuboneka:

Hari igihe abaganga badashobora kumenya impamvu nyayo ituma habaho iyi mibare mike y’uturemangingo tw’amaraso. Muri ibyo bihe, izi ndwara zigwa mu byiciro bibiri:

• Indwara ya Clonal Cytopenia y'akamaro katagenwe (CCUS) iterwa na:Ibi bibaho iyo uturemangingo twinshi tw’amaraso dufite imiterere imwe y’uturemangingo mu maraso ya ADN. Umuntu urwaye CCUS aba afite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara zimwe na zimwe z’amaraso n’indwara z’umutima.
• Idiopathic Cytopenia ifite akamaro katagenwe (ICUS): Muri ibi, nta mpinduka nk'iyi iboneka muri ADN y'uturemangingo tw'amaraso.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma iyi ndwara ya cytopenia? Ni ibihe bipimo bikorwa?

Ibi bikunze kuboneka iyo ufite ibimenyetso, cyangwa iyo upimwe amaraso ku zindi mpamvu. Ikizamini nyamukuru cyitwa umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC) . Iki ni ikizamini cy'amaraso gisanzwe cyane. Giha muganga wawe ishusho isobanutse y'uturemangingo dutukura, uturemangingo twera, na plaquettes, ndetse niba hari impinduka mu miterere y'utwo turemangingo. Bishobora kandi gutanga ibimenyetso ku ndwara zimwe na zimwe.

Iyo CBC igaragaje umubare muto w’uturemangingo tw’amaraso, muganga azagerageza kumenya impamvu umubare muto w’uturemangingo tw’amaraso ari muto cyane. Ashobora gukora ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo abimenye.

Ni ibihe bizamini by'inyongera bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu?

• Gusiga amaraso mu gice cyo hanze: Ibi bikubiyemo gufata icyitegererezo gito cy'amaraso yawe, ukagishyira ku kirahuri, hanyuma ukagisuzuma ukoresheje mikorosikopi. Imiterere n'isura y'uturemangingo bishobora gutanga ibimenyetso by'icyateye ikibazo.
• Gupima no gusuzuma uburyo umubiri uhumeka mu magufwa: Iki ni ikizamini kigoye gato. Muri iki kizamini, umuganga afata urugero ruto rw'umusemburo w'amagufwa akawusuzuma kugira ngo arebe ko nta turemangingo tumeze neza. Iki kizamini ni ingenzi mu gusuzuma indwara zikomeye nka kanseri cyangwa izindi ndwara zigira ingaruka ku maraso n'umusemburo w'amagufwa.

Uretse ibi, hari n'ibindi bizamini bitandukanye byo muri laboratwari bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane impamvu nyayo.

None se, ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura iyi ndwara ya cytopenia?

Uburyo bwo kuvura buterwa n'uburemere bw'indwara yawe, niba ufite ibimenyetso, n'impamvu nyamukuru. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe byoroheje, bivuze ko nta mpamvu nyamukuru ihari kandi nta bimenyetso ihari, nta muti ushobora kuba ukeneye .

Ariko, iyo bikenewe kuvurwa, akenshi bikorwa kugira ngo havurwe indwara yateye umubare muke w’uturemangingo tw’amaraso. Urugero, iyo biterwa n’ibura ry’indyo, muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira guhindura imirire yawe cyangwa gufata inyongeramusaruro. Iyo umubare muke w’uturemangingo tw’amaraso uterwa n’ubwandu, ushobora guhabwa imiti yica udukoko .

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bikomeye, imiti yongera mu buryo butaziguye umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso ishobora kuba ngombwa. Muri yo harimo:

• Igitera imbaraga mu gutera ingano y'uturemangingo (G-CSF):Iyi ni imiti. Ikora mu kongera neutrophils, ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera. G-CSF ikunze guhabwa abantu bakorerwa imiti ya chimiotherapie kugira ngo hirindwe neutropenia.
• Guterwa amaraso: Niba umubiri wawe udashobora gukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso ku giti cyawe, ushobora gukenera guterwa amaraso n'undi muntu.
• Gutera uturemangingo tw’amaraso mu igufwa cyangwa mu gice cy’igufwa: Ibi bikubiyemo gukuraho uturemangingo tw’amaraso tudasanzwe kandi tudakuze mu igufwa ryawe hanyuma tukabisimbuza uturemangingo tuzima. Utwo turemangingo tuzahinduka uturemangingo tw’amaraso dukuze hanyuma tugaruke mu maraso yawe.
• Kubaga splenectomy: Ubu ni uburyo bwo kubaga kugira ngo urwaga rwawe rukureho . Hari igihe urwaga rushobora gufata uturemangingo tw'amaraso rukadukura mu maraso. Ubu buryo bwo kubaga bushobora kuba ngombwa muri ibyo bihe.

Ese hari icyo twakora kugira ngo wirinde ko iyi cytopenia itera?

Mu by’ukuri, zimwe mu mpamvu, urugero nk’indwara ziterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri, indwara z’amaraso n’iz’umusemburo w’amagufwa, na kanseri, biratugora kwirinda. Ni ibintu bibaho tudashobora kubigenzura.

Ariko, dushobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa cytopenia twizeza ko imibiri yacu ibona intungamubiri ikeneye kugira ngo ikore uturemangingo dutukura dufite ubuzima bwiza. Urugero, kubona icyuma gihagije mu mirire yawe bishobora gufasha kwirinda kubura amaraso mu mubiri bitewe n’ibura ry’icyuma .

Ni ngombwa kandi kugabanya inzoga , kuko inzoga zishobora kubangamira ubushobozi bw'umubiri bwo kwinjiza intungamubiri. Ibi bishobora no gutuma uturemangingo tw'amaraso tugabanuka. Iyo inzoga zihagaritswe, ubu busembwa bw'amaraso bushobora gusubira mu buryo busanzwe.

None se, ni iki giteganyijwe kugira ngo umuntu akire iyi ndwara? (Ibisobanuro)

Iteganyagihe ryawe, cyangwa uko rihagaze, rishingira gusa ku mpamvu ituma urwara amaraso make. Urugero, niba amaraso make aterwa no kubura imirire, ashobora gukira burundu iyo avuwe neza kandi agakoresha indyo ikwiye. Niba urwara amaraso make bitewe na bagiteri cyangwa virusi, kuvura ubwandu bishobora gufasha urwara amaraso yawe gusubira mu buzima busanzwe.

Ariko, niba cytopenia iterwa n'indwara y'uturemangingo, indwara y'amaraso cyangwa umworera w'amagufwa, cyangwa kanseri, bishobora gusaba ubuvuzi bugoye kurushaho . Muganga wawe ashobora gukenera gukurikirana umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yawe no gukora ibizamini buri gihe kugira ngo arebe neza ko ukomeje kugira ubuzima bwiza.

Kubwibyo, ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe amahirwe yo gukira kuri iyo ndwara yawe.

Ni ibihe bibazo by'ingenzi ugomba kubaza muganga wawe?

Iyo umenye ko ufite iyi ndwara, ni ibisanzwe kugira ibibazo byinshi. Ntutinye. Baza muganga wawe ibi bintu neza:

• "Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa cytopenia mfite?"
• "Ni iki gitera umubare muke w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yanjye?"
• "Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura mfite?"
• "Ingaruka mbi z'ubu buryo bwo kuvura ni izihe?"
• "Bizafata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yanjye usubire ku murongo?"
• "Nzakenera kuvurwa igihe kingana iki? Ni kangahe nkeneye kuza kwipimisha?"
• "Ese indwara yanjye ishobora gukira burundu?"

Ese koko cytopenia itera amaraso make?

Aha kandi ni ahantu abantu benshi bahurira n'urujijo. Kubura amaraso ni bumwe mu bwoko bw'indwara iterwa n'ijambo ry'ibanze rya cytopenia . Kubura amaraso ni ukugabanuka k'umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso (erythrocytes). Bishobora kandi guterwa no kugabanuka kwa poroteyine ya hemoglobin mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Iyi hemoglobin ni yo ifasha gutwara ogisijeni.

Cytopenia ni ijambo rusange risobanura kugabanuka k'uturemangingo tw'amaraso kamwe cyangwa menshi . Ririmo kugabanuka k'amaraso (kugabanuka k'uturemangingo dutukura), leukopenia (kugabanuka k'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera), neutropenia (kugabanuka k'uturemangingo tw'amaraso), thrombocytopenia (kugabanuka k'uturemangingo tw'amaraso), na pancytopenia (kugabanuka k'utu turemangingo twose).

Rero, niba usanze ufite urugero ruto rw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twawe, vugana na muganga wawe mbere yuko ugira ubwoba. Bitewe n'impamvu, ushobora gukenera kuvurwa cyangwa kutagukeneye. Muganga wawe ni we muntu mwiza wo kukugira inama kuri ibi.

Hanyuma, hari ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka

Sawa, twavuze byinshi kuri cytopenia ubu. Dore ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka:

• Cytopenia ni ukugabanuka k'umubare w'uturemangingo dutukura, uturemangingo twera, cyangwa uduce duto tw'amaraso mu maraso yawe.
• Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutera ibi; kuva ku kubura intungamubiri, kugeza ku ndwara zandurira mu miterere y’umubiri, kanseri, ndetse n’imiti imwe n’imwe.
• Ibimenyetso ntibigera kuri bose mu buryo bumwe . Hari abantu bashobora kutagira ibimenyetso na gato. Umunaniro, indwara zikunze kugaragara, no gukomereka byoroshye ni ibisanzwe.
• Ikizamini cyoroheje cy'amaraso (CBC) gishobora kugisuzuma. Hanyuma, hashobora gukorwa ibindi bipimo kugira ngo hamenyekane icyabiteye.
• Ubuvuzi buterwa n'impamvu n'uburemere bw'indwara. Hari igihe nta buvuzi bukenewe, hari igihe impamvu nyamukuru ivurwa, kandi mu bihe bikomeye, hari uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura butuma umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso wiyongera.
• Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa cytopenia bushobora kwirindwa , cyane cyane iyo umuntu ariye indyo yuzuye kandi akagabanya kunywa inzoga.
• Niba ufite gushidikanya cyangwa ikibazo kuri ibi, vugana na muganga wawe . Ntutinye cyangwa ngo ufate ibyemezo wenyine.

Wibuke ko icy'ingenzi ari ukumenya izi ndwara kugira ngo tubashe gushaka inama z'abaganga vuba kandi tugire ubuzima bwiza.

cytopenia , uturemangingo tw'amaraso, kubura amaraso, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, umwongo w'amagufwa, ibizamini by'amaraso