Ese nawe wishingikiriza ku bandi muri byose? Reka tuvuge ku ndwara yo kwiheba (Dependent Personality Disorder - DPD)!

Ese ugomba gusaba abandi bantu gufata ibyemezo bito cyane byo mu munsi wawe, nko kwambara mu gitondo cyangwa ibyo kurya? Ese wumva unaniwe ku buryo udashobora gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose udafite igitekerezo cyabo n'icyizere? Niba ari uko bimeze, ushobora kuba urwaye indwara yo mu mutwe yitwa "Dependent Personality Disorder (DPD)". Reka tubiganireho uyu munsi, sibyo?

Iyi ndwara yo kwishingikiriza ku muntu (DPD) ni iyihe?

Mu magambo make, indwara yo kwishingikiriza ku muntu (Dependent Personality Disorder - DPD) ni indwara yo mu mutwe. Irangwa no kwishingikiriza cyane ku bandi kugira ngo umuntu aguhe ibyo akeneye, cyane cyane mu byiyumvo (ibintu biri mu mutwe) no mu mubiri (ibintu biri mu mubiri). Tekereza nk'umwana muto witeze byose ku babyeyi be, ariko ibi bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku bantu bakuru. Abandi bashobora kukubona nk' "ukunda kwihambira" cyangwa "ukennye."

Abantu bafite DPD bizera ko badashobora gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose ku giti cyabo cyangwa ngo biyiteho. Bakeneye ibitekerezo n'ibyemerwa n'abandi kugira ngo bafate ibyemezo bito bya buri munsi , nko kwambara cyangwa ibyo kurya. Akenshi, ntibazi ko ibyo bitekerezo n'imyitwarire ari ikibazo.

DPD ni umwe mu bagize indwara z’imico ya "Cluster C". Kimwe n’izindi ndwara zo muri iri tsinda, guhangayika no gutinya nabyo biragaragara. Indwara z’imico ni imyitwarire irambye inyuranyije n’ibyo sosiyete idutezeho (amahame y’umuco). Akenshi itangira mbere y’uko umuntu akuza, mu bwana cyangwa ingimbi. Izi ndwara z’imico zishobora gutera umuntu agahinda n’agahinda. Abantu bakuru bari munsi ya 1% muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ni bo bujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo bahabwe DPD.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya DPD na BPD?

Nubwo indwara y’imibanire y’abantu (Dependent Personality Disorder - DPD) n’indwara y’imibanire y’abantu b’imipaka (BPD) byombi bifitanye ibibazo mu mibanire y’abantu no gutinya gutereranwa, ni indwara ebyiri zitandukanye mu mibanire y’abantu.

BPD irangwa no guhinduka gukomeye kw'amarangamutima , kudahuzagurika mu mibanire, no guhubuka. Abantu barwaye BPD batinya cyane gutabwa muri yombi kandi bagorwa no kugenzura amarangamutima yabo, cyane cyane uburakari.

Ariko DPD ntabwo ikunze kugira amarangamutima akabije cyangwa imyitwarire idahwitse. Abantu barwaye DPD bakunze gutuza no kuganduka , kuko badashaka guteza amakimbirane mu mibanire yabo.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya DPD?

Umuntu ufite ubumuga bwo kwishingikiriza ku miterere ye ashobora kugaragaza imiterere itandukanye y’imyitwarire nko:

• Guhora usaba abandi inama no kubahumuriza, ndetse no mu gihe ufata ibyemezo bito bya buri munsi, nko kwambara cyangwa ibyo kurya .
• Biragoye gutangiza ubucuruzi wenyine kuko udafite icyizere mu bushobozi bwawe bwite.
• Kumva ufite ubwoba bwinshi bwo kudashobora kwiyitaho.
• Kwitanga gukora ibintu bidashimishije cyangwa bigoye kuko bashaka gushyigikirwa, gukundwa no kurindwa n'abandi. Urugero, gukora akazi k'undi muntu nubwo bigoye kubikora, kugira ngo umukomeze kuba hafi ye.
• Guha abandi inshingano zo gufata ibyemezo by'ingenzi mu bice bitandukanye by'ubuzima bwabo.
• Kwirinda amakimbirane no kudagaragaza ko umuntu yanga cyangwa arwanya kubera gutinya gutakaza umubano cyangwa gutereranwa n'abandi.
• Birababaza cyane kandi nta bushobozi bwo kumva uri wenyine.
• Ubwoba bwo gutereranwa no kumva udafite icyo ushoboye no gucika intege iyo umubano wa hafi urangiye.

Abantu bafite DPD bakunze kuganira no kuganira n'abantu bake baba bishingikirijeho gusa, kandi bashobora kwihanganira ihohoterwa rishingiye ku mubiri, ku gitsina, cyangwa ku marangamutima bitewe no gutinya gutakaza umubano.

Kuki iyi DPD ibaho? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Indwara z'imico, harimo na DPD, ziri mu ndwara zo mu mutwe zidasobanuka neza, bivuze ko zikiri mu cyiciro cy'ubushakashatsi. Ariko, abashakashatsi bemeza ko hari ibintu byinshi bishobora kugira uruhare mu iterambere rya DPD:

• Ihohoterwa: Abantu bakunda guhohoterana mu mibanire yabo baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara DPD.
• Ihungabana ryo mu bwana: DPD ishobora guterwa n'ihohoterwa ryo ku mubiri cyangwa mu marangamutima (harimo no gutukana) cyangwa kutitabwaho mu bwana. Ishobora kandi kugira ingaruka ku bantu barwaye indwara ikomeye kandi ishobora gushyira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga mu bwana bwabo. Tekereza, iyo ugomba kwishingikiriza ku bandi kuri byose kuva ukiri muto, bishobora guhinduka ingeso no kuba kimwe mu bigize imico yawe.
• Ingirabuzimafatizo: Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite DPD cyangwa indi ndwara yo guhangayika, ushobora kurwara DPD. Ibi bivuze ko hashobora kuba hari imiterere y’ingirabuzimafatizo.
• Imigenzo imwe n'imwe y'umuco, iy'idini, cyangwa iy'umuryango: Mu miterere imwe n'imwe y'umuco, iy'idini, cyangwa iy'umuryango, abantu bigishwa guhora bagandukira kandi bakishingikiriza ku bayobozi (urugero: ababyeyi, abakuru, abayobozi b'amadini), ibyo nabyo bishobora kugira uruhare muri DPD. Kwigishwa gutega amatwi buri kintu cyose no kudatanga ibitekerezo byawe na byo bishobora kugira uruhare muri ibi.

Iyi ndwara ya DPD ipimwa ite ?

Imiterere y'umuntu ni ikintu gikomeza guhinduka mu bwana no mu gihe cy'ubugimbi, ni ukuvuga ko ari ikintu gihinduka. Kubwibyo, abashinzwe ubuvuzi, ni ukuvuga abaganga, akenshi nyuma y'imyaka 18.Umuntu afatwa n'indwara ya DPD kuko iyo miterere y'imyitwarire igomba kumara igihe kirekire kandi itigeze ihinduka cyane uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Indwara z'imico, harimo na DPD, zishobora kugorana kuzisuzuma kuko abantu benshi bafite izi ndwara batekereza ko nta kibazo kiri mu myitwarire yabo cyangwa uko batekereza. Kuri bo, ni ibisanzwe.

Iyo baje gushaka ubufasha, ni ukubera indwara nk'imihangayiko cyangwa kwiheba biza nk'ingaruka za DPD, cyangwa ibibazo by'imibanire cyangwa ibibazo byo ku kazi.

Iyo umujyanama mu by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe , nk'inzobere mu by'imitekerereze y'abantu cyangwa imitekerereze y'abantu, akeka ko hari umuntu ushobora kuba afite DPD, akunda kubaza ibibazo rusange kugira ngo agerageze gusobanukirwa neza ibi bikurikira:

• Amateka ya kera.
• Imibanire.
• Ibisobanuro birambuye ku mateka y'akazi kabanjirije aka.
• Gupima ukuri, ni ukuvuga uko tubona isi nyayo.

Umuntu ukekwaho kuba afite DPD ashobora kubura ubumenyi ku myitwarire ye n'uburyo atekereza. Kubwibyo, abahanga mu by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bakunze kuganira n'umuryango n'inshuti z'uwo muntu kugira ngo bakusanye amakuru arambuye ku myitwarire ye n'amateka ye.

Ibipimo bya DSM-5 mu gusuzuma DPD

Abatanga serivisi z'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe basuzuma indwara y’umuntu urwaye indwara iterwa n’ubumuga bushingiye ku bipimo biri mu gitabo cy’ubuvuzi n’imibare cy’Ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika ryita ku ndwara zo mu mutwe (DSM-5).

Dukurikije ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gusuzuma DPD, nibura imyitwarire itanu muri iyi ikurikira igomba kugaragara mu buryo buhoraho:

• Kugorwa no gufata ibyemezo bya buri munsi nta nama nyinshi cyangwa ngo abandi baguhe icyizere.
• Guha abandi inshingano z'ingenzi mu buzima.
• Kugorwa no kugaragaza ibyo abantu batumvikanaho bitewe no gutinya gutakaza inkunga cyangwa kwemerwa n'abandi.
• Kugorwa no gutangiza imishinga wenyine bitewe no kutigirira icyizere mu bushobozi n'ubushishozi.
• Gushaka gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose (ndetse n'ibintu udakunda) kugira ngo ubone inkunga y'abandi.
• Kumva nta cyo witayeho cyangwa udafite icyo ukora iyo uri wenyine, bitewe no gutinya ko utashobora kwiyitaho.
• Iyo umubano wa hafi usenyutse, haba hakenewe cyane gushyiraho vuba umubano mushya n'umuntu uzamwitaho kandi akamushyigikira.
• Guhangayika bitari ngombwa kandi nta shingiro bifite, ukibwira ko nta muntu uzagira wo kukwitaho, ko uzaba uri wenyine.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Indwara z’imico ziragoye cyane kuvura kuko abantu bafite izi ndwara baba bafite imico yashinze imizi mu bwenge bwabo no mu myitwarire yabo imaze imyaka myinshi.

Mu kuvura abantu bafite DPD, inkunga n'uruhare rw'abakunzi babo ni ingenzi cyane. Ubusanzwe kuvura harimo ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe ndetse rimwe na rimwe n'imiti.

Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze ku bantu bafite ikibazo cyo mu mutwe (DPD)

Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze, buzwi kandi nka "talk therapy", ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara z'imico. Intego nyamukuru ni ukugufasha kumenya impamvu n'ubwoba biri inyuma y'ibitekerezo byawe n'imyitwarire yawe. Byongeye kandi, ushobora kwiga kubana n'abandi mu buryo bwiza kandi buzira umuze.

Uburyo bubiri bwihariye bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe bushobora gufasha abantu bafite DPD ni ubu:

• Ubuvuzi bw'imitsi: Ubu bwoko bw'ubuvuzi bwibanda ku mizi y'imitekerereze y'umuntu ubabaye mu byiyumvo. Binyuze mu kwisuzuma , ureba cyane imibanire ifitanye isano n'ibibazo n'imyitwarire mu buzima bwawe. Ibi bigufasha kwiyumva neza. Binagufasha guhindura uburyo ubana n'abandi n'aho utuye.
• Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire mu bwenge (CBT): Ubu ni uburyo bwo kuvura bufite gahunda, bushingiye ku ntego. Umuvuzi cyangwa inzobere mu by'imitekerereze agufasha gusuzuma neza ibitekerezo byawe n'amarangamutima yawe. Ushobora gusobanukirwa uburyo ibitekerezo byawe bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe. Binyuze muri CBT, ushobora kwiga ibitekerezo n'imyitwarire mibi . Wiga kandi guteza imbere imiterere n'ingeso nziza. Ubuvuzi bwa DPD bushobora gukemura by'umwihariko ubwoba bwawe bwo kwigenga n'ingorane ufite binyuze mu kwihagararaho .

Imiti ya DPD

Muri iki gihe, nta muti wihariye ushobora kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe. Ariko hari imiti ishobora kuvura indwara nko kwiheba no guhangayika bishobora kubaho icyarimwe ku bantu bafite DPD. Kuvura izi ndwara bishobora no gufasha kuvura DPD.

Ariko, kugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza, ugomba guhuza imiti n'ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe .

Bigenda bite iyo bitavuwe? Ni iki kizabaho?

Uko indwara yo kwiheba mu buryo bw’umubiri igaragara, ni ukuvuga ingaruka zayo, biterwa nuko yavurwa cyangwa itavurwa.

Iyo itavuwe, DPD ishobora gutera ibi bikurikira:

• Kugaragara kw'izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe, nko kwiheba no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge .
• Ibibazo mu mibanire no kudashobora kuyikomeza.
• Ingaruka zo guhohoterwa ku mubiri, mu marangamutima, cyangwa mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ziyongera.

Abantu bafite DPD bafite igipimo kinini cy’ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura no kugerageza kwiyahura. > Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu uzi ufite ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura, nyamuneka shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya, cyangwa ubwire umuntu wizeye. Wibuke ko hari umuntu uhari wo kugufasha.

Ese DPD ishobora kwirindwa?

Indwara yo kwiheba ntishobora kwirindwa. Ariko, kuvurwa bishobora kugabanya ibibazo bitera. Gushaka ubufasha vuba ibimenyetso bikigaragara bishobora kugabanya ihungabana ku buzima bw'umuntu, umuryango we n'inshuti ze.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka ni uko DPD ari indwara yo mu mutwe. Kimwe n'izindi ndwara zose zo mu mutwe, gushaka ubufasha vuba ibimenyetso bikigaragara bishobora kugufasha kugabanya ibibazo mu buzima bwawe. Abahanga mu by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bashobora kuguha gahunda zo kugufasha gucunga ibitekerezo byawe n'imyitwarire yawe.

Abakunzi b'abantu barwaye DPD nabo bashobora kugira stress, depression, no kwigunga . Ni ngombwa kwita ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe no gushaka ubufasha niba ufite ibi bimenyetso.

Amaherezo, ikintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka ...

Rero, urabona ko DPD atari ikintu cyoroshye, ariko hari ubufasha kuri yo . Niba urwaye ikintu nk'iki, nturi wenyine.

• Kumenya ni intambwe ya mbere: Niba wumva ufite ibi bimenyetso, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama z'inzobere.
• Ubuvuzi bushobora gufasha: Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze, cyane cyane uburyo nka CBT na Psychodynamic therapy, bushobora kugufasha guhindura imyitwarire n'ibitekerezo byawe by'ubusinzi.
• Ni byiza gushaka ubufasha hakiri kare: Gushaka ubufasha ukimara kubona ko hari ikibazo bishobora gukumira ikibazo.
• Abo ukunda nabo bakeneye ubufasha: Kubana n'umuntu urwaye DPD bishobora kugorana. Batere inkunga yo gutekereza ku buzima bwabo bwo mu mutwe.

Wibuke ko ufite uburenganzira bwo kugira imbaraga zihagije zo gukora ibintu byose wenyine. Si ikimenyetso cy'intege nke gusaba ubufasha muri urwo rugendo.

Indwara y'imibanire y'abantu, DPD, Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, Indwara z'imibanire y'abantu , Guhangayika, Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze, Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire