Hari igihe ushobora kuba urwaye indwara ikomeye yo kwiheba (MDD). Nubwo wafata imiti wahawe na muganga wawe cyangwa ukajya mu bujyanama (psychotherapy), ubwonko bwawe bushobora kuba butari bumeze neza cyane. Ushobora kumva umeze neza igihe gito hanyuma ugasubira ku mimerere yawe ya kera. Cyangwa ushobora kumva agahinda nk'ako nta gihindutse. Mu buvuzi, ubu bwoko bw'ihungabana bugoye kugenzurwa n'imiti 'Ihungabana ridashobora kuvura' . Ariko, ntutekereze ko iyi ari yo mpera y'inkuru yawe. Ntugacike intege. Hari uburyo bushya bwo kuvura bene ubwo burwayi. Ubwo ni uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu bwonko. Ubu buryo bugerageza kugarura imikorere y'ubwonko hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi, imiraba ya rukuruzi, cyangwa ibikoresho bito byashyizwe mu mubiri. Uyu munsi, tuzavuga ku buryo butatu nk'ubwo buvuzi bw'ingenzi.
Ubuvuzi bukoresha amashanyarazi (ECT)
Izina rishobora kumvikana nk'aho riteye ubwoba gato, ariko ECT ni uburyo bwo kuvura bumaze imyaka irenga 80, bwakoreweho ubushakashatsi bwimbitse, kandi byagaragaye ko bufite umutekano kandi bufite akamaro. Akenshi bukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara nko kwiheba gukomeye n'indwara ya bipolar idakira ubundi buryo bwo kuvura .
Ubigenza ute ibi?
Nta kintu na kimwe uzumva muri ubu buvuzi, kuko uba waratewe ikinya burundu. Nk'uko byari bimeze mbere yo kubagwa . Uzahabwa kandi umuti wo guhagarika imitsi yawe kunyeganyega. Hanyuma muganga azashyira udupapuro tumeze nk'udupapuro ku bice bimwe na bimwe by'umutwe wawe. Ibi byitwa 'electrodes'. Umaze gusinzira, amashanyarazi agenzurwa cyane, ashyirwa mu bwonko bwawe binyuze muri 'electrodes'. Ibi bitera gukubita mu bwonko mu buryo bugenzurwa, bikamara amasegonda ari munsi ya 60. Bikekwa ko ibi bisubiza imikorere y'imitsi n'imiti mu bwonko. Iyo ukangutse mu minota mike, ntuzibuka ikintu na kimwe ku buvuzi cyangwa icyo wumvise icyo gihe. Iyo ingaruka z'ikinya zirangiye, ushobora gutaha.
Ubusanzwe, ubuvuzi buri hagati ya 6 na 12 bukorwa, akenshi kabiri cyangwa gatatu mu cyumweru. Umubare w'ibikorwa uzakenera uzaterwa n'uburemere bw'ibimenyetso byawe n'uburyo ukira vuba.
Igikuru ni uko ubu buvuzi bukorwa nta bwenge buhagije, bityo ntuzumva ububabare cyangwa ngo ugire ikibazo.
| Ingaruka mbi za ECT | |
|---|---|
| Umutwe | Indwara ikunze kubaho nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ishobora kugenzurwa n'imiti igabanya ububabare. |
| Isesemi | Bishobora guterwa no gusinziriza kandi bikagenda nyuma y'igihe runaka. |
| Umunaniro n'urujijo | Bishobora kumara amasaha menshi nyuma yo kuvurwa. |
| Gutakaza Kwibuka | Ibi ni ibyago bikomeye. Ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo kwibuka mbere na nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ariko ibi akenshi biba iby'igihe gito. Abaganga bakoresha uburyo butandukanye kugira ngo bagabanye ibi byago (urugero, gushyira electrodes ku ruhande rumwe rw'umutwe). |
Gukangura Magnetic Repetitive Transcranial (rTMS)
Ubu buryo bukoresha imiraba ya rukuruzi. Ibi bitera imbaraga ubwonko. Abahanga mu bya siyansi ntibaramenya neza uburyo ibi bivura ihungabana. Ariko batekereza ko izi mvubura za rukuruzi zongera imikorere y'uturemangingo tw'imitsi mu bice by'ubwonko bigenzura ibyiyumvo.
Ubigenza ute ibi?
Ntabwo ari ngombwa kuba maso kugira ngo uhabwe ubuvuzi bwa rTMS. Wicaye ku ntebe. Ariko uzakenera kwambara uturindamatwi kuko imashini itanga ijwi rikomeye 'rikubita'. Muganga azashyira agakoresho ka electromagnetic ku gahanga no ku mutwe. Imitsi ya magnetic iva kuri iyi electromagnetic ikora imiyoboro mito y'amashanyarazi mu bwonko bwawe. Uzumva umeze nk'aho ukubiswe n'agasimba gato k'inyoni. Ushobora gutaha nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ushobora gutwara imodoka niba utararota.
Ubusanzwe, ikizamini kimwe kimara iminota 30-40. Ubu buvuzi bugomba gukorwa iminsi 5 mu cyumweru mu gihe cy'ukwezi.
| Ingaruka mbi zo kuvurwa na rTMS | |
|---|---|
| Ingaruka zisanzwe | |
| Umutwe | Bishobora kubaho gato. |
| Kubabara aho uruziga rwari ruri | Ushobora kumva ubabaye gato ku ruhu. |
| Imitsi yo mu maso irahinda | Ushobora kumva ibinure cyangwa imitsi ihinda mu maso. |
| Ingaruka mbi zidakunze kugaragara | |
| Indwara zo mu mutwe | Iki ni ikintu gishobora kubaho gake cyane. |
| Ubumuga bwo kutumva | Ibi bishobora kubaho iyo ugutwi kudakingiwe neza mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. |
Gukangura imitsi yo mu nda y'umura (VNS)
Hari umutsi muremure uva mu bwonko bwawe ukagera mu nda ku mpande zombi z'umubiri wawe. Uyu mutsi witwa Vagus Nerve. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mitsi (VNS) bwakoreshejwe bwa mbere mu kuvura igicuri. Ariko nyuma byaje kugaragara ko bunatanga ihumure ku ndwara yo kwiheba idakira.
Ubigenza ute ibi?
Ibi bisaba kubagwa gato. Muganga azashyira igikoresho gito gikoresha batiri munsi y'uruhu rw'igituza cyawe, akenshi ku ruhande rw'ibumoso. Ibi byitwa "pulse generator." Ni nk'icyuma gipima umutima. Hanyuma, insinga y'amashanyarazi iva muri iki gikoresho inyuzwa mu ijosi ryawe igahuzwa n'imitsi yo mu nda. Nyuma yo kubagwa, igihe ibikomere bimaze gukira, muganga azafungura iki gikoresho. Kizohereza imitsi mito y'amashanyarazi mu mitsi mu gihe gisanzwe (urugero, buri minota 5, mu masegonda 30).
| Ingaruka n'ingaruka mbi zo kuvurwa na VNS | |
|---|---|
| Ingaruka zijyanye no kubagwa | |
| Ububabare n'indwara zandurira mu mubiri | Ububabare cyangwa kwandura bishobora kubaho aho igikoresho gishyizwe. |
| Kugorwa no kumira | Bishobora kubaho by'agateganyo. |
| Guhagarara k'umuyoboro w'ijwi | Nubwo akenshi ari iby'igihe gito, ntabwo bishobora kubaho burundu. |
| Ingaruka mbi zishobora kubaho nyuma yo gukoresha igikoresho | |
| Guhindura ijwi, gushwanyagurika | Ijwi rishobora guhinduka uko amajwi asohoka. |
| Inkorora no guhumeka bigoranye | Bishobora kumvikana cyane cyane iyo ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri. |
| Kubabara mu ijosi | Hashobora kubaho ububabare mu muhogo cyangwa mu ijosi. |
Ubu buvuzi bwagenze neza gute?
Iki ni cyo kibazo cy'ingenzi cyane. Mu by'ukuri, si abantu bose bakira ubuvuzi kimwe. Kubwibyo, ntibishoboka kumenya mbere y'igihe uburyo buzagufasha, cyangwa niba buzagufasha. Bishobora gufata amezi menshi kugira ngo ubone umusaruro. Akenshi, imiti yo mu mutwe cyangwa imiti yo kwiheba irakenewe kugira ngo ugabanye ihungabana mu gihe urimo guhabwa ubwo buryo bwo kuvura butera ubwonko imbaraga. Nyuma yo kuvurwa, ushobora gukenera kuvurwa rimwe mu cyumweru cyangwa buri mezi make kugira ngo ukomeze gukira. Wowe na muganga wawe ni mwe mwenyine mushobora guhitamo ikikubereye.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ku ndwara y’ihungabana rikomeye ritagenzurwa n’imiti isanzwe (Treatment-Resistant Depression), hari ubundi buryo bwo kuvura usibye imiti n’ubujyanama.
- Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu bwonko ni bumwe mu buryo bukomeye. ECT, rTMS, na VNS ni bumwe muri bwo.
- Buri buryo bwo kuvura bufite ibyiza byabwo, ibibi byabwo, n'ingaruka zabwo. Ntabwo bukwiriye buri wese.
- Mbere yo gutekereza ku buvuzi nk'ubwo, ni ngombwa kuganira kuri iki kibazo mu buryo bwimbitse kandi burambuye na muganga wawe hanyuma ugahitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara yawe.
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