Ese urwaye diyabete? Noneho tugomba kwita cyane ku maso yacu. Kuko zimwe mu ngorane zizanwa na diyabete zishobora kwangiza amaso nta bimenyetso bigaragara mu ntangiriro. Imwe muri izo ndwara igira ingaruka ku maso bucece ni Diabetic Macular Edema, cyangwa DME mu magambo ahinnye. Muri iki gihe, amazi ava mu mitsi yoroshye y'amaraso iri mu jisho bitewe na diyabete, bigatuma imbere mu jisho habyimba. Ibi biramutse bigaragaye hakiri kare, bishobora kuvurwa kandi kureba bikaba byagumaho. Uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku buryo bwo kumenya neza niba ufite iyi ndwara ya DME.
Uburyo bwo kubona igitekerezo gito mu rugo
Mbere yo kujya kwa muganga, ushobora gukora ikizamini gito mu rugo. Iki ni cyo twita ikizamini cya ``Amsler grid```. Biroroshye cyane.
Tekereza imbonerahamwe isa n'urupapuro rwo mu gitabo cy'amategeko y'iteramakofe. Ifite akadomo k'umukara hagati. Icyo ugomba gukora ni iki:
- Bika iyi mbonerahamwe ahantu hafite urumuri rwinshi, aho wasoma igitabo mu buryo busanzwe.
- Niba wambaye indorerwamo, zambare.
- Noneho pfuka ijisho rimwe n'ukuboko kwawe hanyuma urebe gusa akadomo k'umukara kari hagati y'imbonerahamwe n'irindi jisho.
- Mu gihe ureba akadomo, reba niba ushobora kubona amategeko y'impandeshatu ku mbonerahamwe.
Ubusanzwe, ugomba kubona iyi mirongo igororotse kandi isobanutse neza. Ariko niba ufite ikibazo nka DME , iyi mirongo kare ishobora kugaragara nk'aho yarambuye, ipfutse, cyangwa se itagaragara neza ahantu hamwe. Hanyuma, gerageza irindi jisho muri ubwo buryo.
Ariko ibuka ibi: Ikizamini cya Amsler ni ikimenyetso gito cyerekana niba ufite ikibazo. Ntabwo ari ikintu gisimbura isuzuma ry’amaso ryose. Niba ubonye impinduka, ugomba kujya kwa muganga.
Bigenda bite iyo ugiye kwa muganga?
Niba urwaye diyabete, uburyo bwiza bwo gusuzumisha amaso yawe ni ukugana umuganga w’amaso, umuganga ufite ubumenyi bwihariye mu kwita ku maso ya diyabete. Azakora isuzuma ryuzuye ry’amaso. Iki kizamini gikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi z’ingenzi.
1. Ikizamini cy'ubuhanga bwo kureba
Iki ni cyo gipimo cy'amaso twese tuzi. Bashyira ku kibaho kiriho inyuguti, imibare, cyangwa ibimenyetso by'ingano zitandukanye kure bakagusaba kugisoma. Iki ni cyo gipimo muganga ashobora gukoresha kugira ngo amenye neza uko amaso yawe ameze n'uko hari intege nke.
2. Gupima amaso mu buryo bwa "Dilated Eye Suzuma"
Iki ni cyo kizamini cy'ingenzi gikoreshwa mu gusuzuma DME.
- Ubwa mbere, muganga azagushyira ibitonyanga byihariye mu maso.
- Aya mazi azatuma imboni y'ijisho ryawe ikura. Ntugahangayike, ibi ni iby'igihe gito gusa.
- Iyo imboni y'ijisho ari nini, umuganga akoresha igikoresho cyihariye cyitwa itara rito kugira ngo amurikire ijisho kandi abone neza ibice byose biri mu jisho.
- Aha ngaha, icy'ingenzi ni igice cy'ijisho cyitwa retina. Muri make, iki ni igice kiri mu jisho ryacu kimeze nk'agapira ka kamera. Ishusho y'ibyo tubona igaragara hano.
- Igice cy'ingenzi cya retina kiduha kureba neza ni macula. Muri DME, macula ni yo ibyimba.
- Rero, muri iki kizamini, muganga agenzura neza niba imitsi y'amaraso iri muri retine irimo kuva amazi, kubyimba, cyangwa niba hari amaraso make ava.
3. Gufata amashusho imbere mu jisho (Ishusho y'ijisho)
Ubu buryo nabwo bukoreshwa muri iki gihe. Ni nko gufata ifoto y'imbere mu jisho ryawe. Kamera yihariye ifata amafoto ya retina yawe ikayohereza kuri mudasobwa. Umuganga w'amaso asuzuma aya mafoto kugira ngo arebe niba hari ibimenyetso by'uburwayi afite. Nubwo ibi bitarambuye nko gusuzuma amaso yose, ni ikizamini cyiza cya mbere ku muntu ushobora kutabasha kujya kwa muganga w'amaso.
Ibizamini byihariye bigomba gukorwa mu gihe hakekwa ko hari DME
Nyuma y'ibipimo byavuzwe haruguru, niba muganga wawe akeka ko ufite DME, azakora ibindi bipimo byihariye byinshi kugira ngo byemezwe. Hari ibizamini bibiri by'ingenzi.
| Izina ry'ikizamini | Ni iki kibaho gusa | Ni iki ushobora kubona muri ibi? |
|---|---|---|
| Isuzuma rya Fluorescein Angiography | Irangi ridasanzwe rishyirwa mu mutsi uri mu kuboko kwawe. Iyo iri bara rigeze mu jisho ryawe, rituma imiyoboro y'amaraso iri mu jisho ryawe igaragara neza. Hanyuma hafatwa amafoto menshi hifashishijwe kamera yihariye. | Ishobora kumenya neza aho amazi ava mu mitsi y'amaraso iri mu jisho, niba imitsi y'amaraso yangiritse, cyangwa niba imitsi mishya kandi idakomeye yaravutse. |
| Tomografia y'Ubushobozi bwo Guhuza Ishusho (OCT) | Ibi ni nko gupima ijisho hakoreshejwe ultrasound. Ariko aho gukoresha amajwi, ikoresha amajwi y'urumuri kugira ngo ifate amashusho arambuye y'uturemangingo tw'ijisho. Nta bubabare. | Ubu bufatwa nk'uburyo bwiza kandi bwizewe bwo gusuzuma DME. Bushobora gupima neza ubunini bwa buri gice cya retina, bityo bushobora kugaragaza neza kurusha ibindi bipimo uko ububyimbe bungana. |
Nyuma y'ibi bizamini, muganga wawe ashobora gusuzuma neza niba ufite DME cyangwa utayifite, kandi niba ari yo, akamenya ubukana bwayo. Hanyuma ashobora kukugira inama yo kugufasha.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Niba urwaye diyabete, ni ngombwa ko umuganga w'amaso asuzuma amaso yawe nibura rimwe mu mwaka, nubwo waba nta bimenyetso ufite.
- Niba ugize impinduka mu kureba kwawe, nko kutabona neza, amashusho adasobanutse, cyangwa utudomo tw'umukara dutemba , hita ubonana na muganga vuba.
- Nubwo ikizamini cya Amsler cyo mu rugo ari igitekerezo cyiza, ntabwo ari ikintu gisimbura ikizamini cya muganga.
- DME ni indwara ishobora kugenzurwa neza kandi kureba neza bishobora kubungabungwa iyo igaragaye hakiri kare. Ntutinye rero, kandi ukurikize inama za muganga ku gihe gikwiye.
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