Hari ibintu byinshi umuntu urwaye diyabete agomba gukora, sibyo? Isukari mu maraso, umuvuduko w'amaraso, cholesterol... Muri ibi byose, hari igihe dushobora kwibagirwa kwita ku maso yacu. Ariko ni ngombwa cyane ko tumenya ingaruka diyabete ishobora kugira ku maso. Kuko iyo tuyimenye hakiri kare, dushobora kurinda amaso yacu y'agaciro.
Mu magambo make, diyabete itera indwara ya DME (DME) ni iki?
Nubwo iri zina rigoye gato, reka dusobanukirwe gusa ibiri kuba.
Iyo urwaye diyabete, isukari nyinshi mu maraso uko igihe kigenda gihita ishobora kwangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso yoroshye (imiyoboro y'amaraso) iri mu maso yawe. Iyi ndwara yitwa diyabete retinopathy .
Amazi atangira kuva muri iyi mitsi y'amaraso yangiritse. Aya mazi ahurira kuri retina, igice cy'inyuma cy'ijisho kibona urumuri. Retina ifite kandi igice cy'ingenzi cyane gitanga kureba neza kandi gutyaye, cyitwa macula . Amazi avamo ahurira mu gace macula iherereyemo maze agatuma ibyimba. Uku kubyimba kwitwa Diabetetic Macular Edema (DME) .
Tekereza, iyo lensi, aho retina yibanda cyane, imeze nk'ifoto iri muri kamera, ibyimbye, ishusho tubona iba itagaragara neza. Ni nko kureba ikintu mu kirahure cy'amazi.
Ese ufite ibi bintu?
Ikintu giteje akaga cyane kuri DME ni uko rimwe na rimwe idagaragaza ibimenyetso mu ntangiriro. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa ko umuntu wese urwaye diyabete asuzumwa amaso nibura rimwe mu mwaka. Ariko, witondere ibi bimenyetso:
- Kureba nabi: Ibintu ureba ako kanya, nk'isura y'umuntu, inyandiko iri mu gitabo, cyangwa amashusho kuri televiziyo, bisa nkaho bitagaragara neza.
- Isura y'iminkanyari: Ibintu bifite imirongo igororotse (nk'amadirishya n'imiryango) bishobora kugaragara nk'aho byacitse cyangwa birambuye.
- Amabara yazimye: Amabara yagaragaraga nk'akayangana ubu asa n'aho "yazimye", yazimye.
Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, hita ubonana na muganga wawe. Uko utangira kuvurwa vuba, niko amahirwe yawe yo kwirinda kwangirika burundu mu maso aba menshi.
Ni gute muganga asuzuma iyi ndwara?
Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, azakubaza ibibazo bike. Urugero, ese hari impinduka uhura nazo mu maso yawe, urwaye diyabete, ni iyihe sukari mu maraso yawe n'urugero rwa A1c, umuvuduko w'amaraso, n'urugero rwa cholesterol?
Nyuma y'ibyo, hakorwa isuzuma ryuzuye ry'amaso, ahanini rikubiyemo ibizamini byinshi.
| Izina ry'ikizamini | Ni iki kiri kuba gusa? |
|---|---|
| Ikizamini cy'ubuhanga bwo kureba | Ikizamini cyo gusoma twese twakoze, aho ureba ku kibaho ugasoma. Gipima uburyo ushobora kubona neza ku ntera zitandukanye. |
| Isuzuma ry'amaso rikozwe mu buryo bwa "Dilated Eye Suzumation" | Hashyirwa amazi yihariye (ibitonyanga by'amaso) mu jisho kugira ngo imboni irusheho kwaguka. Hanyuma, igikoresho cyihariye gikoreshwa mu kureba imbere mu jisho no kugenzura imiterere ya retina, niba hari amazi ava mu mitsi y'amaraso, ndetse niba hari kubyimba. |
| Isuzuma rya Fluorescein Angiogram (FA) | Irangi ridasanzwe rishyirwa mu mutsi uri mu kuboko. Mu gihe iri bara rigenda mu mitsi y'amaraso iri mu jisho, hafatwa amafoto hifashishijwe kamera yihariye. Ibi bishobora kwerekana aho imitsi y'amaraso yavaga neza. |
| Tomografia y'Ubushobozi bwo Guhuza Ishusho (OCT) | Ibi ni nko gupima imbere mu jisho. Bikoresha urumuri rwihariye kugira ngo bipime neza ubunini, kubyimba, n'ingano y'amazi yibumbiye muri retina na sclera. |
Nyuma y'ibi bizamini, muganga azasuzuma niba ufite DME n'uburemere bwayo.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?
Ku bw'amahirwe, ubu hari uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura DME. Intego nyamukuru yo kuvura ni ukubuza amazi kuva mu mitsi no kugabanya kubyimba.1. Inshinge zo kurwanya VEGF
Ubu ni bwo buryo busanzwe kandi bufite akamaro buboneka. Bishobora gutera ubwoba gutekereza guterwa urushinge mu jisho, ariko bikorwa hakoreshejwe urushinge ruto cyane n'umuti utera ibisebe. Bityo ntiwumva ububabare bwinshi.
Izi nshinge zikora mu gukumira gukura kw'imitsi mishya y'amaraso idakomeye kandi iva byoroshye. Iyi miti (urugero: Aflibercept, Bevacizumab, Ranibizumab, Faricimab) itera imitsi y'amaraso gutuza no guhagarika amazi ava. Ubusanzwe ugomba kuvurwa inshuro nyinshi, hafi rimwe mu kwezi.
2. Ubuvuzi bwa Laser (Laser Photocoagulation)
Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bikomeye, imirasire ya laser ikoreshwa mu "gufunga" cyangwa gutwika imiyoboro y'amaraso irimo kuva. Ibi birinda kwangirika kurushaho.
3. Inshinge za Steroid
Hari abarwayi bahabwa inshinge za steroid kugira ngo bagabanye kubyimba.
4. Kubagwa (Vitrectomy)
Ibi akenshi bikorwa gake cyane, cyane cyane iyo hari amaraso menshi mu jisho kandi umuntu akabura amaso neza. Ibi bisaba gukuraho amazi y'ibicu ari mu jisho akayasimbuza umuti usobanutse neza.
Muganga w'amaso yawe ni we uzaguhitiramo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.
Ukwiye kwiyitaho ute?
Uretse uburyo muganga wawe avura, kwiyitaho ni ingenzi cyane mu kurwanya iyi ndwara.
- Kugenzura Diyabete: Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane . Komeza ugenzure isukari mu maraso yawe, umuvuduko w'amaraso, na cholesterol nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse. Indyo ikwiye, imyitozo ngororamubiri, no gufata imiti yandikiwe na muganga ni ngombwa.
- Ntukibagirwe gupimwa amaso: Nubwo nta bimenyetso ufite, jya usuzuma amaso yawe hakurikijwe gahunda muganga agusaba. Ibi kandi ni ingenzi kugira ngo ukurikirane intsinzi y'ubuvuzi bwawe.
- Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kutabona neza, tekereza ku bikoresho bigufasha: Niba indorerwamo zonyine zidahagije, ganira na muganga wawe ku bintu nk'indorerwamo zo gukuza.
Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe nabwo ni ingenzi cyane.
Ni ibisanzwe kumva ubabaye, uhangayitse, kandi ufite ubwoba iyo ufite ikibazo cyo kutabona neza. Ntabwo ugomba kurwanya ibyo byiyumvo wenyine.
- Vugana ku byiyumvo byawe: Vugana n'umuryango wawe n'inshuti zawe kuri ibi. Bwira muganga wawe uko wumva umeze.
- Shaka inama: Niba bibaye ngombwa, saba ubufasha ku muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe ukorana n'abantu barwaye diyabete cyangwa abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona.
- Jya mu matsinda y'abaterankunga: Uzumva ufite imbaraga nyinshi nuganira n'abandi bari mu bibazo nk'ibyawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Indwara ya diyabete yo mu macular edema (DME) ni ingaruka mbi cyane za diyabete, ariko iyo igaragaye ikanavurwa hakiri kare, ubushobozi bwo kutabona bushobora kugumaho.
- Niba ubonye ibimenyetso nko kutabona neza, kwangirika kw'ishusho, cyangwa gucika kw'amabara , hita ubonana na muganga.
- Ikintu cy'ingenzi ushobora gukora ni ukugenzura diyabete yawe neza. Kugenzura isukari mu maraso yawe, umuvuduko w'amaraso, na cholesterol.
- Ntuzigere ubura ibizamini by'amaso n'imiti wahawe na muganga wawe.
- Ntabwo uri wenyine muri uru rugendo. Abaganga, imiryango n'amatsinda y'abaterankunga barahari kugira ngo bagufashe. Kugumana icyizere nabyo ni kimwe mu bigize uburyo bwo kuvura.
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Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.