Ese hari igihe wumva umeze utyo? Usanga bigoye kurangiza igikorwa watangiye, ukibagirwa n'ibintu bito cyane, cyangwa ugasanga bigoye kwibanda ku kintu kimwe kimwe. Ushobora kuba warahuye n'ibi bintu n'umwana wawe. Ibi si ibintu bitunguranye gusa. Inyuma y'ibi hari inzira y'ingenzi cyane mu bwonko bwacu. Ni cyo tuvuga uyu munsi.
Izi Nshingano z'Ubuyobozi ni izihe?
Mu magambo make, ibi ni nk'umuyobozi mukuru mu bwonko bwawe. Tekereza ku byo umuyobozi mukuru w'ikigo kinini akora. Ni we ugenzura ikigo cyose, agategura gahunda, kandi akagenzura ko byose bigenda neza. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ubu buhanga bwo mu mutwe mu bwonko bwacu bwitwa imikorere y'ubuyobozi ni bwo butunganya ibitekerezo byacu kandi bukatuyobora gukora tugera ku ntego.
Ubu bumenyi bwo mu mutwe ni bwo budufasha gutegura, kwibuka ibintu, kwiga ibintu bishya, no kumenyera impinduka mu buzima. Bunashinzwe ibintu nko kubika amakuru dukeneye kugira ngo turangize akazi (kwibuka), guhindura ibitekerezo byacu mu buryo bworoshye igihe bikenewe, no kugenzura ibyifuzo byihuse.
Tekereza ugiye gukora keke. Ugomba kwibuka ibintu ukeneye, ugomba gukurikiza resept intambwe ku yindi, ugomba gukuraho igishishwa niba kiguye iyo uvunnye igi ( flexible ), ugomba kugenzura ubushake bwo kurya unaniwe kugeza keke itetse. Ibi byose bigenzurwa n'imikorere y'ubuyobozi bwawe. Ibi kandi bifitanye isano itaziguye no kugenzura amarangamutima yacu.
Isano iri hagati ya ADHD n'imikorere y'ubuyobozi
Ushobora kuba warumvise indwara yitwa ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder). Umuntu ufite iyi ndwara afite ubushobozi buke bwo gukora neza. Ibi bishobora kwigaragaza mu buryo butandukanye. Wenda wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mwahuye n'ikintu nk'iki.
| Ibintu bisanzwe biranga imikorere mibi y'abayobozi |
|---|
| - Kugorwa no kurangiza umushinga umaze gutangira. |
| - Kwibagirwa ikintu vuba nyuma yo kugisoma cyangwa kucyumva. |
| - Kugorwa no gukurikiza amabwiriza. |
| - Kudashobora kwihanganira impinduka ntoya mu buzima bwa buri munsi. |
| - Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kwibandaho iyo uvuye ku murimo umwe ujya ku wundi. |
| - Kwibanda ku bintu bimwe na bimwe mu buryo bukabije (Fixate). |
| - Guhora utakaza ibintu byawe. |
| - Kugorwa no gucunga igihe. |
Kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura ubwo bwoko bw'ibibazo, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa neza ubuhanga burimo guhindurwa . Ni cyo kizamini cy'imikorere y'umubiri gikoreshwa.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibizamini biriho?
Kubera ko imikorere y’abayobozi ari uruhurirane rw’ubuhanga, nta kizamini kimwe kibapimira. Hari ibizamini byinshi bitandukanye. Hari ibizamini bipima ubuhanga bwinshi icyarimwe, ariko ubusanzwe ikizamini kimwe kibanda ku kintu kimwe cyihariye.
Ubuhanga bw'ingenzi bwageragejwe:
- Kwitaho
- Kugenzura impulse
- Ubwibutso bw'akazi
- Imiterere n'igenamigambi
- Gushinga ibitekerezo
- Ubushobozi bwo guhinduranya imirimo hagati yayo
Ibizamini by'umuntu ku giti cye
Urugero, reka dukore ikizamini cyo kwibuka. Ibi bikorwa imbonankubone n'umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze y'abantu ufite uruhushya. Bipima uburyo ushobora kwibuka ibintu wabwiwe kandi ukabyerekwa.
"Iyo umwana afite ubushobozi bwo kwibuka ibintu mu buryo butari bwiza, bigira ingaruka ku myigire ye. Iyo twanditse ku kintu runaka, iyo dutekereje ku kintu umuntu avuze mu mpande zitandukanye, dukoresha ubushobozi bwacu bwo kwibuka ibintu mu buryo busanzwe."
Ibipimo by'amanota
Ubundi bwoko ni ibipimo by'amanota. Ibi bishingiye ku myitwarire y'umwana.Hashingiwe ku byo ababyeyi n'abarimu bagaragaje. Abantu bakuru nabo bashobora kubikoresha. Hanyuma ugomba gutanga raporo ku myitwarire yawe. Inzobere ifata ibi bisubizo ikabigereranya n'uko ukora n'abandi bo mu kigero cyawe. Nubwo ubu buryo bushobora kuba butari bwo nk'ikizamini cyakozwe n'umuganga w'imitekerereze y'abantu, buracyari ingirakamaro cyane.
Ni iki twakwigira kuri ibi bizamini?
Akenshi, ibi bizamini bihabwa abana nk'igice cy'isuzumabumenyi ryuzuye ry'uburezi. Ibi bireba uburyo umwana yakira kandi agatunganya amakuru. Iyi ni intambwe ya mbere mu guha umwana ubufasha bwihariye akeneye ku ishuri. Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, hari gahunda zihariye zo kubigeraho, nka ``Gahunda y'Uburezi bw'Umuntu ku Giti cye (IEP)`` cyangwa ``Gahunda ya 500``. Binyuze muri ibi, umwana ashyirwa ku rutonde rw'ubufasha bwihariye akeneye kugira ngo atsinde.
Tekereza kuri ubu buryo. "Nubwo umwana yaba afite amanota meza y'ubwenge, kwibuka kwe gukora bishobora kuba biri munsi y'ikigereranyo. Umwana nk'uwo azakenera inkunga kugira ngo yerekane ubushobozi bwe bwo gutekereza ku bandi mu ishuri."
Ibi bisubizo by'ibizamini nabyo birafasha mu rugo.
Ababyeyi bashobora kugabanya imikoro cyangwa imirimo yo mu rugo mo uduce duto maze umwana akabikora intambwe ku yindi . Nanone, gukoresha ibikoresho by'amaso, igihe, na gahunda y'amaso bishobora gufasha cyane abana bafite ubwo bumuga.
Nanone, niba umwana wawe afite ikibazo cyo kugenzura amarangamutima ye, ushobora gutekereza ku buryo nka Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) . Ibi byose bigamije gufasha umwana wawe gutera imbere mu buzima neza. Niba ufite gushidikanya cyangwa ibibazo kuri ibi, ikintu cyiza wakora ni ukuganira na muganga wawe kuri ibyo. Azashobora kuguha ubuyobozi bukwiye.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Imirimo y'ubuyobozi ni ubuhanga bwo mu mutwe bukenewe cyane mu bintu nko gutegura, kwibuka no kwita ku bintu.
- Intege nke muri ubu bumenyi zishobora gutera ibibazo mu kwita ku bintu, gutegura akazi no kwibuka ibintu. Ibi bikunze kugaragara ku ndwara nka ADHD.
- Ibizamini byihariye (Executive Function Tests) bishobora kugaragaza neza izo ntege nke.
- Kumenya neza ikibazo bifasha gutanga ubufasha bukwiye ku ishuri, mu rugo, no mu kuvurwa bibaye ngombwa.
- Niba ukeka ko wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite ibi bibazo, ni ngombwa cyane kubivuganaho na muganga wawe no kugisha inama.
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