Amaso yawe afite ibara ringana iki? (Ibara ry'amaso) Kuki wabonye iryo bara? Reka tubirebe!

Ese wigeze witegereza amaso yawe mu ndorerwamo? Ushobora kuba warabonye ko inshuti zawe n'abagize umuryango wawe bafite amaso afite amabara atandukanye. Hari abafite amaso y'umukara wijimye, abandi bafite amaso y'ubururu bwerurutse, ndetse wenda n'abandi bafite amaso y'icyatsi kibisi. Ni gute aya maso abona ibara ryayo? Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri iri bara ry'amaso ritangaje.

Amaso abona ibara ryayo ate?

Mu magambo make, ibara ry'amaso yawe rigenwa n'ijisho ry'umukara, igice cy'ijisho gikikije imboni y'umukara iri hagati mu jisho ryawe. Kimwe n'indorerwamo ya kamera, iri jisho rigenzura ingano y'urumuri rwinjira mu jisho.

Noneho, impamvu nyamukuru ituma iyi nyenyeri ibona ibara ryayo ni ibara ryitwa 'Melanin' . Uruhu rwawe narwo rubona ibara ryarwo kubera iyi melanin. Iyo melanin nyinshi mu ruhu, uruhu rurahinduka umwijima, kandi iyo melanin nke, uruhu rurarushaho kuba rworoshye. Ni nako bimeze ku maso.

Buri wese afite melanin mu gice cy'inyuma cya retina mu maso ye. Ariko, abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe, nk'abalubino , bashobora kugira melanin nke mu maso yabo.

Rero, niba ufite melanin nyinshi haba mu byiciro by'imbere n'inyuma bya iris yawe, uba ufite amaso y'umukara . Impuguke rimwe na rimwe ziyita ijambo 'iris' mu bwinshi 'irids'. Abantu bafite amaso y'umukara cyangwa icyatsi kibisi baba bafite melanin nke mu byiciro by'imbere bya iris yabo ugereranyije n'abafite amaso y'umukara. Abantu bafite melanin nke cyane cyangwa ntayo mu byiciro by'imbere bya iris yabo baba bafite amaso y'ubururu cyangwa imvi .

Amabara atandukanye y'aya maso ni ayahe?

Mu by’ukuri, nta mpuguke zivuga rumwe ku mabara y’amaso y’ingenzi abantu bashobora kugira. Amabara ari mu byiciro bimwe na bimwe ashobora kuba atari mu yandi. Ariko, hari amwe mu mabara y’amaso y’ingenzi abantu benshi bemera:

• Amaso y'imvi
• Amaso y'ubururu
• Amaso y'icyatsi kibisi
• Amaso ya Hazel - Ibi bishobora kuba uruvange rw'icyatsi kibisi, zahabu, cyangwa umukara.
• Amaso y'umuhondo - Iri ni ibara ry'umuhondo wa zahabu.
• Amaso y'umukara - Ibi biva ku mukara woroshye kugeza ku mukara wijimye, hafi y'umukara.

Tekereza gato, nubwo hariho aya mabara y'ibanze, uburyo ayo mabara agaragara ku maso yacu ni ingenzi cyane. Nta bantu babiri bafite ibara ry'amaso rimwe. Ndetse n'impanga zimwe zishobora kugira itandukaniro rito mu ibara ry'amaso.

Kuki aya mabara y'amaso atandukanye cyane?

Hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kuri ibi:

• Imiterere ya Iris:Hashobora kuba hari utudomo duto, twimbitse cyangwa imyobo mu gice cy'imbere cya cornea yawe. Ibi bishobora gutuma ahantu hamwe hasa n'aho hijimye kurusha ahandi, nk'utudomo ku ruhu rwawe.
• Ubumuga bw'amabara mu jisho rimwe cyangwa yombi: Hari abantu bashobora kubona amabara arenze rimwe mu jisho rimwe cyangwa yombi. Iri tandukaniro rishobora kuba amabara atandukanye y'ibara rimwe. Cyangwa igice cy'imbere cy'iris gishobora kuba ibara rimwe n'igice cy'inyuma kikaba ikindi. Ni gake cyane, hari abantu bashobora kugira ijisho rimwe ritandukanye rwose n'irindi. Iyi ndwara yitwa heterochromia .
• Ibara ry'amaso rihinduka mu buzima bwose: Wari uzi ko ibara ry'amaso y'abana rishobora guhinduka mbere y'uko kuzuza umwaka umwe? Hari n'abantu bahinduka mu myaka yabo. Nanone, hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora gutuma ibara ry'amaso yawe rihinduka.

Kuki abantu bafite albino bagira amaso atukura cyangwa umutuku?

Abantu bafite albino baba bafite melanin nke cyane cyangwa nta n'imwe bafite mu maso yabo. Iyo imboni zabo zifite melanin nke cyane, amaso yabo ashobora kugaragara nk'ubururu bworoheje cyangwa imvi. Ariko, iyo nta melanin iri muri buri ruhande rw'imboni, imitsi y'amaraso iri muri retina yabo iragaragara neza. Niyo mpamvu amaso yabo asa n'umutuku cyangwa ibara ry'umutuku.

Ese ibara ry'amaso rigira ingaruka ku buzima bwacu?

Yego, hari igihe ibara ry'amaso yawe rishobora guhinduka bitewe n'imiti imwe n'imwe cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe. Zimwe muri izi mpinduka nta ngaruka zifite, ariko izindi zishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ikintu gikomeye. Dore ingero nke:

• Indwara z'amaso
• Glaucoma n'imiti imwe ikoreshwa muri yo
• Indwara ya Horner
• Arcus senilis (impeta y'umweru cyangwa imvi ikikije ijisho ry'umukara, cyane cyane iyo umuntu ashaje)

Hari igihe hashobora kubaho isano iri hagati y’ibara ry’amaso yawe n’ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara zimwe na zimwe. Urugero, abantu bafite amaso y’umukara bashobora kugira ibyago byinshi byo kurwara cataract. Bivugwa kandi ko abantu bafite amaso y’ubururu barushaho kurwanya ingaruka z’indwara zo mu mutwe nk’indwara y’ibihe .

Igikuru ni uko niba ubonye impinduka zitunguranye mu ibara ry'amaso yawe, cyangwa niba ibara ry'amaso yawe rihinduka nyuma yo gukomereka kw'ijisho cyangwa impinduka mu kureba kwawe, ugomba kubonana n'inzobere mu kwita ku maso. Bashobora kukubwira niba akeneye kwitabwaho no kuvurwa byimbitse.

Ni irihe bara ry'amaso rikunze kugaragara cyane?

Ibara ry'amaso rikunze kugaragara ku isi ni umukara . Abarenga kimwe cya kabiri cy'abatuye isi bafite amaso y'umukara. Impuguke zimwe zibona ko umukara n'umukara ari ubwoko bw'ibara rimwe.

Impamvu nyamukuru ibitera ni imiterere y'amabara y'umukara. Amaso y'umukara ashobora kuva ku mukara woroshye kugeza ku mukara wijimye. Mu maso amwe y'umukara wijimye cyane, biragoye kumenya aho iris igarukira n'aho impeta y'umukara itangirira.

Ni irihe bara ry'amaso ridasanzwe kurusha ayandi?

Icyatsi kibisi ni cyo kintu kidakunze kugaragara mu mabara y’amaso, uretse amaso atukura/umutuku aterwa n’indwara nk’iz’abalubino. Abantu bagera kuri 2% gusa ku isi ni bo bafite amaso y’icyatsi kibisi. Tekereza ukuntu ari magufi!

Ese abana bose bavuka bafite amaso y'ubururu?

Oya. Iki ni igitekerezo kidasanzwe. Nubwo ari ibisanzwe ko abana bavuka bafite amaso y'ubururu, si buri wese uvukana ayo maso. Mu by'ukuri, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2016 bwagaragaje ko 20% by'abana gusa bavuka bafite amaso y'ubururu. Ubwo bushakashatsi kandi bwagaragaje ko hafi 63% by'abana bavuka bafite amaso y'umukara naho hafi 6% bavuka bafite amaso y'icyatsi kibisi. Bityo rero, imvugo ngo "buri mwana wese avuka afite amaso y'ubururu" si ukuri kose.

Ibara ry'amaso y'abana rihinduka ryari?

Si abana bose bahindura ibara ry'amaso, ariko benshi barabikora. Iyo ibara ry'amaso y'umwana wawe rihindutse, ushobora kubibona afite amezi agera kuri 3. Ibara ry'amaso y'abana benshi rihinduka burundu mu gihe bageze ku myaka 6. Ariko, umubare muto cyane w'abana bashobora gukomeza kugira impinduka nto mu ibara ry'amaso kugeza bakuze.

Abashakashatsi bakoze ubushakashatsi bwavuzwe haruguru bwo mu 2016 bongeye gupima 73% by'abana bitabiriye ubushakashatsi bwa mbere nyuma y'imyaka ibiri. Ubwo bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ku myaka 2, umwana umwe muri batatu ni we wari warahinduye ibara ry'amaso ye.

Ese umwana akura ibara ry'amaso ye ku babyeyi be?

Yego, ariko si ibara ry'amaso ry'ababyeyi gusa rigena ibi. Imiterere y'uturemangingo igena ibara ry'amaso iragoye cyane. Abashakashatsi ubu bavumbuye imiterere myinshi y'uturemangingo n'impinduka za ADN bigira ingaruka ku ibara ry'amaso.

Nubwo ibara ry'amaso y'ababyeyi ari ikintu gikomeye, si ryo ryonyine rigomba kuba ingenzi. Hari igihe ibara ry'amaso rishobora guhererekanywa mu bisekuruza. Ibyo bivuze ko niba umwana afite ibara ry'amaso ritandukanye n'irya nyina na se, hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora kubitera. Ibyo ni ibisanzwe.

Iri bara rya Hazel ni irihe?

Amaso ya Hazel aterwa n'uko ingano ya melanin mu irisi yawe iri hasi ugereranije n'umuntu ufite amaso y'umukara, ariko ikaba hejuru ugereranije n'umuntu ufite amaso y'ubururu cyangwa icyatsi. Amaso ya Hazel ni uruvange rw'umukara, zahabu, cyangwa icyatsi kibisi .. Ibi si ko buri gihe biba bivanze kimwe. Hari abantu bafite amabara abiri gusa mu maso yabo, abandi bayagira yose uko ari atatu. Ubu budasa bw'abantu bafite amaso y'ibihumyo ni urugero rwiza rw'uburyo ibara ry'amaso ridasanzwe.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Ibara ry'amaso yawe ni ikintu kidasanzwe kuri wewe kigutandukanya n'abandi bose ku isi. Rishobora guhinduka mu buzima bwawe bwose, kandi rishobora no gutanga ibimenyetso ku mateka yawe n'umuryango wawe. Gusobanukirwa uburyo ibara ry'amaso rikora rimwe na rimwe bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'uburwayi cyangwa ibibazo by'ubuzima.

Biroroshye kubona uburyo ibara ry'amaso y'umuntu (cyangwa ayawe) ari ryiza, uko byaba bimeze kose, ufata umwanya wo kuyareba. Rero, fata neza amaso yawe, kuko ari kimwe mu bigize umwirondoro wawe.

Ibara ry'amaso , melanin, inyenyeri, ubuzima bw'amaso, amaso y'abana, imiterere y'uturemangingo, amaso y'umukara, amaso y'ubururu, amaso y'icyatsi kibisi