Ese uherutse kumva amagambo 'umuvuduko w'amaso ukabije' cyangwa 'glaucoma'? Wenda wowe cyangwa uwo ukunda murahura n'iki kibazo. Bishobora kugorana cyane, cyane cyane kumenya ko umuvuduko wo hejuru w'amaso ushobora kwangiza amaso yawe burundu. Ariko ndakwinginze ntugahangayike—ubuvuzi bwa none bwateye imbere cyane. Uburyo bumwe bwo kuvura bufite icyo bumaze kandi bwizewe buboneka muri iki gihe ni uburyo bwitwa goniotomy. Reka turebe icyo ubu buryo bwo kubaga ari cyo, uko bukorwa, n'uko bushobora gufasha mu kurinda amaso yawe.
Mu magambo yoroshye: Goniotomy ni iki?
Goniotomi ni uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura amaso bugamije kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaso (IOP) . Buri mu cyiciro cya Microinvasive Glaucoma Surgery (MIGS) . "Microinvasive" bivuze ko umuganga ubaga akoresha ibikoresho bifatika kandi bifite mikorosikopi kugira ngo akore ubu buryo, agabanye ihungabana ku jisho kandi agatuma rikira vuba.
Mu jisho ryawe, hari amazi yitwa aqueous humor ahora akorwa kandi agasohoka. Iyo iyi nzira yo gusohora amazi ifunze cyangwa idakora neza, amazi arongera akarundanya, bigatuma umuvuduko uri mu jisho ryawe wiyongera. Uyu muvuduko mwinshi ushobora gutera glaucoma. Gupima amenyo bifasha mu gukuraho imiyoboro isanzwe y'amazi mu jisho, bigatuma amazi atembera neza kandi bikagabanya umuvuduko w'amaso. Ibi bibikora, birinda imitsi yawe y'amaso kwangirika bidasubirwaho kandi bigakomeza kurinda amaso yawe y'agaciro.
Ni ngombwa kumva ko nubwo ubu buvuzi bufite akamaro kanini mu gukumira ko habaho gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba , budashobora gusubiza inyuma ibyangiritse byamaze kubaho. Niyo mpamvu kumenya neza glaucoma hakiri kare no kuyivura ku gihe ari ngombwa cyane.
Iyi gahunda ni iya nde?
Mu mateka, goniotomy yakorerwaga cyane cyane ku bana bato n'impinja basanzwe barwaye glaucoma y'amavuko (congenital glaucoma) . Ariko, bitewe n'iterambere ritangaje mu ikoranabuhanga ry'amaso n'ubuhanga bwo kubaga, ubu ikoreshwa cyane kandi neza mu kuvura ubwoko butandukanye bwa glaucoma ku bantu bakuru.
Umuganga w'amaso azakora isuzuma ryimbitse ry'amaso kugira ngo arebe niba gukorerwa goniotomi ari bwo buryo bwiza bwo kuvura ubwoko bwawe bwite n'icyiciro cy'indwara ya glaucoma.
Uburyo bwo Kwitegura Kubagwa
Umuganga wawe w’amaso azagufasha mu gutegura no gusubiza ibibazo byose ushobora kuba ufite. Ubusanzwe, imyiteguro yawe mbere yo kubagwa izaba ikubiyemo:
- Gusuzuma Imiti Yawe: Ni ngombwa kumenyesha muganga wawe imiti yose urimo gufata, harimo imiti yanditswe na muganga, imiti igurishwa mu kigo, vitamine, n'inyongeramusaruro z'ibimera. Ushobora kugirwa inama yo guhagarika by'agateganyo gufata imiti imwe n'imwe (cyane cyane imiti igabanya amaraso) iminsi mike mbere y'uko igikorwa kirangira.
- Gusobanukirwa Anesthesia: Kugira ngo ukomeze kumva umerewe neza kandi nta bubabare mu gihe cyo kubagwa, uzagukorera anesthesia. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo anesthesia yo mu gace runaka (ibitonyanga byo guhumeka cyangwa inshinge zikikije ijisho kugira ngo uhume mu gihe ukomeje kuba maso) cyangwa anesthesia rusange, bitewe n'ubuzima bwawe n'uko umerewe neza. Umuganga wawe w'inzobere mu by'inzobere azakubwira uburyo bwiza bwo kugufasha.
- Amabwiriza yo Kwiyiriza Igifu: Ushobora gusabwa kwirinda kurya ibiryo bikomeye mu gihe cy'amasaha agera ku 8 mbere yo kubagwa. Ibinyobwa bisukuye (nk'amazi) bikunze kwemererwa kugeza ku masaha 2 mbere yo kubagwa. Nyamuneka kurikiza amabwiriza y'itsinda ry'abaganga bawe yo kwiyiriza igifu neza.
Uburyo bwo Kubaga bukorwa
Nubwo kubaga amaso bishobora kumvikana nk'aho biteye ubwoba, gukorerwa goniotomi ni uburyo bwiza cyane bwo kuvura hanze. Ubusanzwe bifata iminota 15 kugeza kuri 30 gusa kugira ngo bikorwe.
1. Anesthesia: Ubwa mbere, hatangwa ibitonyanga byo kuvura indwara cyangwa imiti igabanya ububabare kugira ngo utazagira ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose mu gihe cyo kubagwa.
2. Gukata mu buryo bwa microscope: Umuganga wawe azakata mu buryo bwa microscope (hagati ya milimetero 1 na 2) mu idirishya ry'ijisho (idirishya ry'imbere ry'ijisho ryawe).
3. Gushyiramo Ibikoresho Bidasanzwe: Binyuze muri aka gace gato k'ijisho, igikoresho gito cyihariye gishyirwamo witonze. Ikirahuri cyihariye cyo kureba cyitwa gonioscopic gishyirwa ku buso bw'ijisho ryawe, bigatuma umuganga ubaga abona neza kandi agatuma amazi yo mu jisho arushaho kwiyongera.
4. Gufungura inzira yo gusohora amazi: Imbere mu jisho, hari urwego rw'inyama zimeze nk'ibisuguti rushinzwe kuyungurura amazi, ruzwi nka " trabecular meshwork" . Ku maso afite glaucoma, iyi meshwork iba yazibye cyangwa idakira gutemba. Umuganga wawe azakoresha igikoresho gito kugira ngo akore umwobo ukwiye muri uru rugingo, yirinde kuziba kandi akore umuyoboro utaziguye w'amazi yo gusohora amazi byoroshye, ibi bikagabanya umuvuduko w'amaso yawe.
5. Gusoza Uburyo: Iyo umuyoboro umaze gufungura, igikoresho gikurwaho buhoro buhoro, hanyuma ugashyirwa agakingirizo k'amaso kugira ngo kagume neza mu gihe cyo gukira kwa mbere.
Ubuvuzi n'Ubuvuzi Nyuma yo Kubagwa
Nyuma yo kubagwa, uzaruhuka mu cyumba cyo gukira igihe gito mu gihe itsinda ry’abaganga rigukurikirana. Umaze guhumuka, uzemererwa gutaha. Kubera ko amaso yawe azaba adasobanutse by’igihe gito kandi ushobora kuba warahawe umuti woroshye wo kuruhuka, ugomba gushaka umuntu uzagutwara mu rugo amahoro.
Muganga wawe azakwandikira ibitonyanga by’amaso byihariye kugira ngo bifashe gukira. Ibi bikubiyemo ibitonyanga by’amaso birwanya udukoko mu minsi mike kugira ngo birinde kwandura, n’ibitonyanga birwanya ububyimbirwe (steroid) mu byumweru bike kugira ngo bigabanye kubyimba no kwemeza ko inzira nshya yo kuvoma ikomeza gufunguye.
Mu minsi mike ya mbere, ni ibisanzwe rwose kugira ikibazo cyo gucikagurika, kutabona neza, cyangwa kumva urimo uburibwe mu jisho (nk'aho hari umucanga). Ibi bimenyetso ni iby'igihe gito kandi bigomba kugabanuka mu minsi mike.
Amabwiriza y'ingenzi mu gihe cyo gukira
| ICYO KWIRINDA | ICYO GUKORA |
|---|---|
| Gukanda, gukorakora, cyangwa gushyira igitutu ku jisho ryawe. | Karaba intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi mbere yo gusiga ibitonyanga mu maso. |
| Gusiga ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw'amabara yo kwisiga mu maso, amavuta yo kwisiga, cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga hirya no hino mu jisho. | Koresha ibitonyanga byose by'amaso byatanzwe n'imiti ku gihe cyagenwe nk'uko byagenwe. |
| Kunama uhereye mu rukenyerero cyangwa gupfukama hasi umutwe wawe urambuye. | Ambara indorerwamo z'izuba niba ijisho ryawe rishobora kwitabwaho n'urumuri rwinshi cyangwa urumuri rwo hanze. |
| Guterura ibintu biremereye cyangwa gukora imirimo ivunanye. | Jya mu nama zose ziteganyijwe zo gukurikirana umuvuduko w'amaso yawe. |
| Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ikomeye, kwiruka, koga, cyangwa gukoresha ubwogero bushyushye. | Witondere cyane iyo wiyuhagira cyangwa woza mu maso kugira ngo amazi n'isabune bitagera mu jisho ryawe rikiza. |
Ese hari ibyago n'ingorane bishobora kubaho?
Ingorane zikomeye nyuma yo kubagwa kwa goniotomi ntizikunze kubaho . Kimwe no kubagwa ukundi, hari ibyago bike byo kwandura, kubyimba, cyangwa kubabara, ariko ibi bishobora gukemurwa neza.
Zimwe mu ngorane zihariye zishobora kubaho ugomba kumenya zirimo:
- Kuva amaraso mu cyumba cy'imbere cy'ijisho (bizwi nka hyphema, akenshi bihita byisubiramo mu gihe cy'icyumweru kimwe kugeza kuri bibiri).
- Kwiyongera by'agateganyo k'umuvuduko w'imbere mu maso ako kanya nyuma yo kubagwa.
- Impinduka nto mu kureba kwawe, nko kuba umuntu atagira ubwenge bw'igihe gito (Astigmatism) .
- Ni gake cyane, umuvuduko w'amaso ugabanuka cyane (hypotony) cyangwa ikibazo gikomeye nko gucika kw'amaso mu mitsi yo mu maso (retinal detachment) .
Umuganga w'amaso azakubwira neza ingaruka zishobora kubaho mbere yo kubagwa kugira ngo yumve ko ufite amakuru ahagije kandi umerewe neza.
Ni ryari ugomba gushaka ubufasha bwihutirwa ku muganga?
Mu gihe cyo gukira, nyamuneka hamagara muganga w'amaso yawe ako kanya niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso by'umuburo bikurikira:
- Ububabare bukomeye, bukabije, cyangwa butera cyane amaso , budakira imiti igabanya ububabare.
- Gutakaza amaso mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa guhumeka vuba kandi bikomeye.
- Kubona imikororombya cyangwa impande z'amabara (impeta z'amabara) zikikije amatara.
- Gutukura cyane cyangwa kwiyongera kw'amaso, kubyimba, cyangwa amashyira y'umuhondo/icyatsi (ibibyimba) biva mu jisho.
Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso byihutirwa, hamagara muganga w’amaso ako kanya cyangwa ujye mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bw’ibanze ry’ibitaro biri hafi yawe.
Ingingo z'ingenzi (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)
- Goniotomy ni uburyo bwo kubaga bufite umutekano, bufite akamaro kandi budakoresha imbaraga nyinshi bugamije kugabanya umuvuduko w’amaso uterwa na glaucoma.
- Mu gushyiraho inzira isobanutse neza yo gusohora amazi mu maso, bigabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso kugira ngo birinde imitsi yawe y'amaso kandi bigumane ubushobozi bwo kubona busigaye.
- Uburyo bwo gukora buhita (ubusanzwe butwara munsi y'iminota 30) kandi igihe cyo gukira muri rusange kiba cyoroshye kandi cyoroshye.
- Gukurikiza witonze amabwiriza y'umuganga wawe nyuma yo kubagwa—cyane cyane ajyanye n'igihe cy'imiti n'amategeko agenga ibikorwa—ni ingenzi kugira ngo ugire umusaruro mwiza.
- Kwitabira gahunda zose zo gukurikirana ni ngombwa. Niba ubonye ibimenyetso by'ingorane, shaka ubufasha bwihuse kwa muganga.
Goniotomi, glaucoma, umuvuduko w'amaso, umuvuduko w'amaso, kubagwa amaso, kuvura glaucoma, Nirogi Lanka
