Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite ikibazo cyo kudakora neza (ADHD), ese mwabonye ko uburyo bwo kwandika bugoye kandi bugoye gusoma? Ushobora kwibaza uti: "Ese hari isano iri hagati y'ubu buryo bwo kwandika na ADHD?" Yego rwose. Hashobora kuba hari isano ikomeye hagati y'ibyo bintu bibiri. Reka tubiganireho byimbitse uyu munsi.
ADHD n'ubumuga bwo kwandika n'intoki (Dysgraphia)
Imyandikire yanditswe nabi kandi igoye gusoma rimwe na rimwe ni ikimenyetso cy'ubumuga bwo kwiga. Mu buvuzi, ibi tubyita dysgraphia . Imyandikire y'umuntu ufite iyi ndwara ishobora kugaragaza ibintu nk'ibi:
- Inyuguti zigoramye ku ruhande rumwe.
- Ni uruvange rw'inyuguti nkuru n'inyuguti zoroshye .
- Kwandika inyuguti zimwe mu nyandiko zimwe mu buryo bw'inyuguti zigororotse.
Byongeye kandi, abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kwandika nabi bakunze kugira umuvuduko muto cyane. Bashobora kugira kuribwa mu ntoki bitewe no gufata ikaramu nabi. Bagorwa kandi no kubika imirongo yo kwandika neza kandi ihanamye ku rupapuro.
Ibuka ko ibi bidasobanura ko umuntu wese ufite ADHD afite inyandiko cyangwa dysgraphia . Ariko indwara ebyiri zikunze kujyana. Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko 59% by'abana basanzwe bafite ADHD bari bafite dysgraphia naho 92% bakaba bari bafite ibibazo mu bumenyi bwa graphomotor . Muri make, ubuhanga bwa graphomotor ni uguhuza ukuboko n'amaso n'ubushobozi bwo gutegura ingendo ziva mu bwonko zijya mu kiganza bikenewe kugira ngo wandike neza.
Iyi sano irakomeye cyane ku buryo abashakashatsi bamwe bavuze ko isesengura ry'inyandiko rikwiye kongerwamo mu bizamini bikoreshwa mu gusuzuma ADHD. Abarimu bakunze kuvuga ko abana bafite ADHD bafite inyandiko zidakuze kandi zidasobanutse neza kurusha imyaka yabo.
Kuki kwandika ku buryo bworoshye ku bantu bafite ADHD?
Kwandika neza kandi neza ni uruvange rw'ubuhanga butandukanye. Ikibabaje ni uko ubu buhanga bukunze kuba ikibazo ku muntu urwaye ADHD. Reka turebe icyo ari cyo.
| Ubuhanga busabwa | Kuki ari ikibazo gikomeye kuri ADHD? |
|---|---|
| Ubuhanga bwo gukoresha imiyoboro myiza y'umubiri | Ubu ni ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imitsi mito iri mu biganza byacu. Ubu buhanga ni ingenzi mu gufata ikaramu neza no kuyobora ukuboko gukurikira imiterere y'inyuguti. Iterambere ry'ubu buhanga rishobora gutinda gato ku bana bafite ADHD. |
| Guhuza ikiganza n'amaso | Mu gihe wandika, ugomba gukomeza kureba ku murongo no kuzunguza ukuboko kwawe uko bikwiye. Iyo ufite ADHD, kwita ku bintu bishobora kurangaza byoroshye, bigatuma bigoye gukomeza guhuza ibintu. |
| Umurimo w'ubuyobozi | Ibi biragoye gato. Mu magambo make, ubu ni ubuhanga bwo mu mutwe mu bwonko bugufasha gutegura, gushyira ibintu kuri gahunda, gutangira no kurangiza umurimo. Kwandika ni ikintu gisa n'icyo. Biragoye kubikora neza iyo ufite ADHD. |
| Kwita ku bintu no kwibandaho | Iki ni cyo kibazo gikomeye cya ADHD. Ni imbaraga zikomeye kuri bo gukomeza kwibanda no kwandika inyuguti neza. Igihe cyose ibitekerezo byabo bihagaritswe, imiterere, ingano, n'intera y'inyuguti birashobora guhinduka. |
Byongeye kandi, abantu bafite ADHD baba bafite icyifuzo gikomeye cyo kurangiza akazi vuba bishoboka. Iyo badashobora kwandika n'intoki vuba uko ibitekerezo byabo bibageraho, inyuguti zihita zihinduka urujijo kandi zigacika. Iyo ibi byose bihuye, inyandiko ishobora kuba urujijo ku buryo bigoye kuyisoma.
Igikuru ni uko, ibi atari ubunebwe cyangwa kutagira icyo umuntu akunda. Ni ikibazo cy’imitsi kizanwa na ADHD.
Ni izihe ngamba zishobora gukemurwa kuri ibi?
Kwandika nabi ntabwo bigoye gusoma gusa. Bishobora no kuba umutwaro ukomeye ku bwenge bw'abana. Ku ishuri, abandi bana barabaseka, abarimu bakabita "abanduye," bityo abana batangira gutinya kwandika buhoro buhoro. Ibi bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku kwiyubaha kwabo no ku gushishikarira kwiga.
Guha umwana ufite ADHD inshingano yo "kwandika imirongo ijana" nk'igihano ntacyo bizamufasha. Azarambirwa vuba imirimo isubirwamo. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko iyo myitozo yo kwandika idatuma abana bafite ADHD barushaho gukora neza.
Ariko ntugire ikibazo. Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gufasha.
Impinduka zishobora gukorwa mu ishuri
Nk'umubyeyi, ushobora kuganira n'umwarimu w'umwana wawe kuri ibi hanyuma mukaganira ku buryo bwo gufasha, nko:
- Ibizamini byo mu kanwa: Aho gukora ibizamini byanditse, hatangwa ibizamini byo mu kanwa.
- Gutanga inyandiko: Kugira ngo bigabanye igihe cyo kwandika, umwarimu ashobora guha umwana inyandiko z'amasomo cyangwa incamake.
- Gukoresha ubundi buryo: Aho gukora imirimo yanditse, kora raporo za videwo cyangwa utange ibiganiro mu magambo.
Ibikoresho bya tekiniki n'ibishyigikizo
Ikoranabuhanga ryo muri iki gihe ni ingirakamaro cyane ku bana nk'aba.
- Kumenyera kwandika ukoresheje clavier na ecran zo mu bwoko bwa touchscreen bigabanya stress yo kwandika.
- Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukoresha imvugo mu butumwa ni ikindi gisubizo cyiza. Icyo umwana avuga gishyirwa kuri telefoni cyangwa kuri mudasobwa.
- Ushobora gukoresha udukoresho twabugenewe two gufata hamwe n'ibindi bikoresho byo kwandika kugira ngo bigufashe gufata ikaramu cyangwa ikaramu byoroshye.
Ubuvuzi n'amahugurwa
Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko imiti itera imbaraga ikoreshwa mu kuvura ADHD rimwe na rimwe ishobora gufasha kunoza uburyo bwo kwandika. Ariko, hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kuri ibi. Hamwe n'iyi miti, imyitozo yo kugenda ishobora gufasha guteza imbere ubuhanga bwo gukora imitsi ikenewe mu kwandika. Ariko, mbere yo gufata icyemezo icyo ari cyo cyose kuri iki kintu, ugomba kuvugana na muganga w'umwana wawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Akenshi hari isano iri hagati ya ADHD n'uburyo bwo kwandika butanoze. Iyi ndwara yitwa dysgraphia.
- Ibi si ingaruka z'uko umwana aba umunebwe cyangwa adafite ubushake, ahubwo biterwa n'ibibazo nk'ubushobozi bwo gukora neza, kwitabwaho no gukora neza.
- Guhatira abantu kwandika kenshi ntabwo bitanga umusaruro.
- Hari ibisubizo byinshi bifatika bishobora gukorerwa mu ishuri, nko guhindura ibintu, ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, n'inkunga zidasanzwe.
- Kugira ngo ufashe umwana wawe neza, buri gihe ganira na muganga wawe n'abarimu b'umwana wawe. Bazaba bari kumwe, bazategura gahunda nziza.
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