Ese uzi iby'iri gufwa ritangaje riri mu ijosi ryawe? - Byose ku igufwa rya Hyoid!

Wigeze wumva igufwa rito ariko rifite akamaro cyane mu ijosi ryawe? Iri ni igufwa ridasanzwe, kuko ari ryo ryonyine 'rigenda' mu mubiri wacu. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri iri gufwa ritangaje rya hyoid. Ntugahangayike, turavuga gusa icyo ari cyo, icyo rikora, n'ubwoko bw'ibibazo rishobora gutera.

Igufwa rya Hyoid ni iki?

Noneho reka tubanze turebe icyo igufwa rya hyoid ari cyo. Ni igufwa rito, rifite ishusho nk'iy'umurambararo riri imbere mu ijosi ryawe. Riherereye munsi y'inyuma y'ijosi ryawe no hejuru y'agatsinsino ka tiroyide gatwikira imitsi y'ijwi ryawe. Ushobora gushyira intoki zawe aho akananwa kawe gahurira n'ijosi ryawe maze ukamira amacandwe make. Ni bwo ushobora kumva igufwa rya hyoid.

Ikintu kidasanzwe kuri ibi ni uko iri gufwa rya hyoid ari ryo gufwa ryonyine 'rireremba' mu mubiri wacu. Ni ukuvuga ko ritafitanye isano itaziguye n'irindi gufwa iryo ari ryo ryose. None se rifatwa rite? Rifatwa n'imitsi, imitsi, na karitsiye. Tekereza, ni nk'aho umanitse ku mugozi.

Ni iyihe mirimo y'igufwa rya hyoid?

Noneho reka turebe uko bizagenda kuri aka gagufwa gato. Tekereza gato, aka gagufwa ni gato ariko gakora akazi gakomeye cyane.

• Bifasha mu mivugire: Ibi bifasha mu mivugire y'ururimi iyo tuvuga. Binagira uruhare mu mivugire y'uturemangingo tw'inyuma.
• Ifasha mu kumira: Iri gufwa rya hyoid rizamuka rikanamanuka iyo umira ibiryo n'ibinyobwa, ari nabyo bifasha mu kumira. Uzumva rizamuka rikanamanuka iyo umira ibiryo.
• Ifasha mu guhumeka: Igira uruhare mu guhumeka, cyane cyane mu gutuma inzira z'ubuhumekero ziguma zifunguye.

Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo n'igufwa rya hyoid rinakora nk'inkunga y'ibindi bintu byinshi by'ingenzi biyikikije. Urugero:

• Ku rurimi rwawe
• Ku mitsi yo hasi mu kanwa kawe
• Agasanduku k'amajwi cyangwa agasanduku k'amajwi - ni ukuvuga agasanduku gatuma ijwi rivamo
• Epiglottis - Iki ni igice gito gisa n'urugi kibuza ibiryo kwinjira mu muhogo iyo tumira.
• Umuhogo wawe (Pharynx)

Ikindi kintu ni uko igufwa rya hyoid rihujwe n'imitsi itatu y'ingenzi n'imitsi myinshi yo mu ijosi, kandi rikanababera inkingi yo kurifata.

Igufwa rya hyoid riherereye he?

Twavuze mbere ko ibi biri imbere mu ijosi ryawe, munsi y'inyuma y'ijosi no hejuru y'agatsinsino ka tiroyide. Mu gusobanura byinshi, igufwa rya hyoid 'riremba' imbere y'uruti rwa kane rw'umugongo mu mugongo wawe.

Igufwa rya hyoid rimeze rite?

Iri gufwa rya hyoid rifite ishusho nk'inyuguti y'Icyongereza 'U'.Nibyo. Hari ibice bitatu by'ingenzi kuri ibi:

• Igice cy'ingenzi: Iki ni igice cy'imbere n'icy'ubugari bw'igufwa rya hyoid. Ubusanzwe kiba gifite ubugari bwa santimetero 2.5 n'ubugari bwa santimetero 1. Ariko, gishobora kuba kinini gato ku bagabo.
• Amahembe manini cyangwa cornua nini: Ibi ni ibice birebire, bisa n'ukuboko by'igufwa rya hyoid ku mpande zombi z'inyuguti 'U'.
• Amahembe mato cyangwa cornua nto: Aya ni amagufwa abiri mato hafi y'intangiriro y'amahembe manini. Aha niho umugozi wa stylohyoid ufata.

Biratangaje kubona iyo umwana avutse, igufwa rya hyoid riba ari amagufwa atatu atandukanye. Uko tugenda dukura, akenshi hagati y'imyaka 40 na 60, aya magufwa atatu arahuzwa agakora imiterere imwe ikomeye, isa n'inkweto z'amafarasi. Ariko hari abantu badahuzwa gutya. Ntabwo ari ikibazo iyo badahujwe. Ni impinduka nto mu miterere isanzwe, kandi nta kibazo biteza.

Ni ibihe bibazo bigira ingaruka ku igufwa rya hyoid?

Hari indwara nyinshi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku igufwa rya hyoid. Ariko ntugahangayike, izi akenshi ziba nke cyane .

• Indwara y'amagufwa ya Hyoid: Iyi ni indwara iterwa no kubyimba imitsi n'imitsi bikikije igufwa rya hyoid. Ibi bishobora guterwa n'indwara z'imitsi cyangwa imvune zo mu ijosi ( nk'ivu, imvune itunguranye mu ijosi).
• Igufwa rya hyoid ryavunitse / Kuvunika kwa Hyoid: Kuvunika kw'igufwa rya hyoid ni gake cyane. Bigize hafi 0.002% by'imvune zose z'abantu. Ibi biterwa nuko iri gufwa riba rihishe neza kandi ririnzwe aho agahanga n'ijosi bihurira, bityo ntirivunika byoroshye. Akenshi, igufwa rya hyoid rivunika mu byaha by'urugomo nko kunyonga . Uretse ibyo, rishobora no guterwa n'ibintu nko kumanikwa, gukomeretswa n'amasasu, n'impanuka zikomeye z'imodoka.
• Osteoradionecrosis (ORN): Iyi ni indwara ikomeye cyane. Ni urupfu rw'amagufwa ruterwa no guhura n'imirasire. Iyi ngaruka iba nyinshi cyane cyane ku bantu bahabwa imiti ivura kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi. Akenshi yibasira igice cyo hasi cy'amagufwa, ariko ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku igufwa rya hyoid.
• Chondrosarcoma yo mu igufwa rya hyoid: Iyi ni kanseri idasanzwe cyane.Chondrosarcoma ni kanseri idakunze kugaragara mu magufwa itangira mu kajagari. Ni gake cyane ko iyi kanseri ikwirakwira mu mutwe no mu ijosi. Dukurikije inyandiko z'abaganga, kugeza ubu abantu 23 gusa barwaye chondrosarcoma mu igufwa rya hyoid ni bo bamaze kugaragara ku isi. Ikimenyetso gikunze kugaragara mu bantu bafite iyi ndwara ni ikibyimba gikura cyane mu ijosi.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe by'indwara z'amagufwa ya hyoid

Indwara zifata igufwa rya hyoid zishobora gutera ibimenyetso bisa. Bimwe muri byo birimo:

• Kubabara mu maso nta mpamvu.
• Kubabara mu ijosi.
• Kubabara mu muhogo (bishobora kuba indwara y'umuhogo y'igihe kirekire - nka pharyngitis idakira ).
• Impinduka mu ijwi, ingorane mu kuvuga (indwara z'ijwi).
• Kumva ikintu cyafashe mu muhogo.
• Kumva ububabare iyo uri kumira ibiryo n'ibinyobwa.
• Kubura umwuka wo gusinzira neza .
• Gukomereka mu ijosi.
• Ijwi cyangwa kumva nk'aho amagufwa arimo gusigana ( crepitus ).
• Kugorwa no guhumeka ( kubura umwuka ).
• Ibisebe cyangwa ibisebe mu kanwa cyangwa mu muhogo.

Icy'ingenzi: Ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe by'igufwa rya hyoid bishobora gusa n'iby'indwara za temporomandibular joint (TMJ) . Ibi rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutuma umuntu amenya nabi indwara ya TMJ. Niba uri kuvurwa indwara ya TMJ kandi ukaba utari koroherwa, baza muganga wawe niba ishobora kuba ifitanye isano n'igufwa rya hyoid.

Ni ibihe bipimo bifasha mu gusuzuma indwara z'amagufwa ya hyoid?

Abaganga bakoresha ibizamini bitandukanye kugira ngo barebe niba hari ikibazo ku igufwa ryawe rya hyoid. Bimwe muri ibyo birimo:

• Imirasire ya X
• CT scan (CT - scan za tomography zakozwe na mudasobwa)
• gupima PET (gupima positron emission tomography)

Ibi bizamini bishobora guha abaganga igitekerezo cyiza cy'uko igufwa ryawe rya hyoid rihagaze, niba hari icyangiritse, cyangwa niba hari ibindi bibazo.

Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura indwara z'amagufwa ya hyoid?

Ibi bizatandukana bitewe n'uko urwaye, ariko dore uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura:

• Imiti igabanya ububabare n'ubwivumbure ( NSAIDs - imiti igabanya ububabare itari steroide )
• Antibiyotike - iyo hari ubwandu.
• Inshinge za steroid - zigabanya ububyimbirwe.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare
• Tracheostomy - Kubagwa gato gukorerwa mu ijosi kugira ngo bigabanye ibibazo byo guhumeka mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bikomeye.
• Kubagwa - Bishobora kuba ngombwa mu gihe umuntu avunitse igufwa cyangwa kanseri.

Muganga wawe ni we uzaguhitiramo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura, bityo rero ni ngombwa gushaka inama kwa muganga niba ufite ibimenyetso.

Ese kwangirika kw'igufwa rya hyoid bishobora kwirindwa?

Mu by’ukuri, indwara zifitanye isano n’igufwa rya hyoid ni gake cyane, kandi akenshi ziterwa n’ibintu tudashobora kugenzura. Urugero, biragoye kuri twe kwirinda kuvunika kw’impanuka. Bityo biragoye kuvuga ko ibi 'bishobora kwirindwa'.

Ariko, icy'ingenzi ni ukumenya ibimenyetso no gushaka ubuvuzi hakiri kare . Niba urwaye ububabare mu ijosi cyangwa mu muhogo, ugorwa no kumira, uhinduka mu ijwi, ugorwa no guhumeka, cyangwa kimwe mu bimenyetso twavuze mbere, ntukirengagize . Menya neza ko ugiye kwa muganga wawe. Bashobora kubona impamvu vuba no gutangira ubuvuzi ukeneye.

Ese igufwa rya hyoid naryo ryitwa pome ya Adamu?

Oya, ibyo ni ukwibeshya. Pome ya Adamu, cyangwa nk'uko tuyita mu Cyongereza, ubwiza bwawe bwo mu kanwa , ni kimwe mu bigize karitsiye ya tiroyide . Wibuke ko twavuze mbere ko igufwa rya hyoid riri hejuru ya karitsiye ya tiroyide. Nubwo rero izi ngingo ebyiri zegeranye, ni ibice bibiri bitandukanye by'umubiri wawe, kandi byombi bikora imirimo itandukanye. Pome ya Adamu ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bagabo.

Ibintu by'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka

Sawa, reka twibuke ibi nk'incamake y'igufwa rya hyoid twavuzeho uyu munsi:

• Igufwa rya hyoid ni igufwa rito, 'rireremba' riri imbere mu ijosi ryawe ridafite aho rihuriye n'irindi gufwa iryo ari ryo ryose.
• Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu kuvuga, kumira, no guhumeka, ndetse no mu bice bishyigikira nk'ururimi n'imikaya.
• Ingaruka zibaho muri rusange ni nke cyane , bityo ntugahangayike bitari ngombwa.
• Ariko, niba ubonye ibimenyetso nko kubabara mu ijosi/mu muhogo bidashira, kugorwa no kumira, cyangwa guhindura ijwi, ntukabirengagize . Ni byiza kwihutira gushaka inama kwa muganga.
• Igufwa rya hyoid si pome ya Adamu . Ni imiterere ibiri itandukanye.

Nubwo igufwa ryawe rya hyoid ryaba ari rito kandi rihishe inyuma y'urwasaya rwawe rwo hasi, riracyakora akazi kenshi. Rero ni ngombwa kubimenya no kugira icyo ukora niba hari ikibazo. Buri gihe wibuke ko niba wumva umeze nabi, abaganga bariho kugira ngo bagufashe.

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