Reka tumenye byinshi ku ndwara ya Legionnaires! Reka tuganire!

Wigeze wumva indwara ya Legionnaires? Izina rishobora kumvikana nk'iry'ibidasanzwe, sibyo? Ariko mu by'ukuri ni indwara ifata ibihaha byacu, kandi rimwe na rimwe ishobora kuba iteje akaga. Iterwa na bagiteri. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara ya Legionnaires mu buryo bworoshye kandi bworoshye kumva.

Indwara y'ingabo z'abagizi ba nabi ni iki?

Muri make, indwara ya Legionnaires ni indwara ikomeye y’ibihaha byacu iterwa n’ubwoko bwa bagiteri yitwa `(Legionella)`. Isa n’umusonga. Ishobora kwibasira ibihaha byacu gusa, ndetse rimwe na rimwe n’ubwonko bwacu ndetse n’inzira y’igifu.

Hari undi muriro woroheje uterwa na bagiteri imwe, witwa Pontiac fever. Ntabwo ari mubi cyane nk'indwara ya Legionnaires, kandi itera ibimenyetso bisa n'ibicurane bisanzwe, nk'umuriro n'ububabare bw'umubiri. Ariko, indwara ya Legionnaires ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, bityo ni ngombwa kubimenya.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'indwara ya pneumonia n'indwara ya Legionnaires?

Noneho ushobora kuba urimo gutekereza uti "None se umusonga n'indwara ya Legionnaires ni ibintu bibiri bitandukanye?" Yego, ni byo. Umusonga ni izina risanzwe ry'indwara y'ibihaha. Indwara ya Legionnaires ni ubwoko busa n'ubwa moune, ariko by'umwihariko ibaho iyo bagiteri yitwa `(Legionella)` yinjiye mu bihaha.

Abantu benshi bandura iyi ndwara bakajyanwa mu bitaro bafite ibimenyetso nk'umuriro n'inkorora. Ariko, bamwe bashobora no kugira ibindi bimenyetso nko gucibwamo no kwitiranya (gutakaza ubwenge).

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indwara ya Legionnaires?

Mu by’ukuri, si buri wese uhuye na bagiteri ya `(Legionella)` uzarwara iyi ndwara. Ariko, hari abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kuyirwara. Reba niba ibi bikureba:

• Niba ufite imyaka irenga 50.
• Niba unywa itabi, cyangwa se wigeze kurinywa mbere.
• Niba ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bucitse intege. Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe (urugero, ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA, diyabete, kanseri, indwara z'impyiko cyangwa umwijima) hamwe n'imiti imwe na imwe bishobora kugabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe.
• Niba ufite ikibazo cy'ubuhumekero igihe kirekire, nka COPD (Indwara y'ibihaha idakira) cyangwa Emphysema.
• Niba utuye mu kigo cyita ku bageze mu za bukuru igihe kirekire, nko mu kigo cyita ku bageze mu za bukuru.
• Niba uherutse kujya mu bitaro.
• Niba uherutse kubagwa ukoresheje ikinya.
• Niba uherutse guterwa urugingo rw'umubiri.

Aba bantu bakunze kurwara indwara ya Legionnaires kurusha abandi.

Indwara ya Legionnaires ikunze kugaragara mu rugero rungana iki?

Mu gihugu nka Amerika, abantu bagera ku 18.000 barwarira mu bitaro buri mwaka kubera iyi ndwara. Ikunze kugaragara kuva muri Kamena kugeza mu Ukwakira. Ibintu nk'ibyo bishobora kugaragara no muri Sri Lanka, bityo ni byiza kubimenya.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya Legionnaires?

Ibimenyetso bya Legionella bitangira kugaragara mu minsi ibiri kugeza kuri cumi n'ine uhereye igihe bagiteri igeze kuri iyo bagiteri. Ibimenyetso bisa n'umusonga ni byo bigaragara bwa mbere. Byongeye kandi, ibimenyetso bireba uturemangingo tw'imitsi (ubwonko) n'urw'igifu (amara) nabyo bishobora kubaho.

Reka turebe bimwe mu bimenyetso by'ingenzi:

• Umuriro (akenshi urenza dogere selisiyusi 40 (104⁰ F/40⁰ C))
• Inkorora (akenshi inkorora yumye)
• Kugorwa no guhumeka (Dyspnea)
• Impiswi
• Kubabara imitsi
• Umutwe
• Isesemi (kumva urwaye)
• Urujijo (urujijo, kubura aho ureba)
• Gukorora amaraso (Hemoptysis)
• Ububabare bwo mu nda

Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ugomba guhita ubonana na muganga.

Ni iki gitera indwara ya Legionnaires?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, impamvu nyamukuru y'iyi ndwara ni bagiteri `(Legionella)`. Nubwo hari ubwoko bugera kuri 60 bwa bagiteri `(Legionella)`, ikunze gutera indwara ya Legionnaires ni `(Legionella pneumophila). Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo iyi bagiteri yinjiye mu bihaha byacu igatera ubwandu.

Iyi bagiteri ya `(Legionella)` iba mu biyaga, mu migezi no mu butaka. Ariko, ikunze gukwirakwira mu bantu binyuze ahantu nka sisitemu z'amazi n'izikonjesha mu nyubako nini. Urugero, iyo izi sisitemu zo mu mahoteli, mu bitaro no mu biro binini zidafashwe neza, iyi bagiteri ishobora gukura ikajya mu kirere nk'ibitonyanga by'amazi. Iyo duhumeka ibyo bitonyanga by'amazi, bishobora kujya mu bihaha byacu. Cyangwa, amazi yanduye mu kanwa kacu ashobora "kuzamuka mu muhogo" no mu bihaha byacu (ibi byitwa `(aspiration)`).

Indwara ya Legionnaires ikwirakwira ite muri twe?

Iyi ndwara yandurira ahanini mu guhumeka udutonyanga duto tw'amazi (amazi yakoreshejwe mu mwuka cyangwa igihu) yandujwe na bagiteri ya Legionella. Cyangwa, mu guhumeka amazi yanduye mu bihaha (aspiration).

Icyorezo cya Legionnaires cyagaragaye ahantu nka hoteli, ibitaro, ibigo byita ku bageze mu za bukuru n'amato y'ubukerarugendo. Ariko, ibi bikunze kugaragara nk'ibintu byihariye.

Hari ahantu henshi iyi ndwara ishobora kwandurira:

• Ubwogero bushyushye n'ama-jacuzzi
• Agasanduku ko kwiyuhagiriramo (kwiyuhagirira mu bwiherero)
• Robine y'amazi
• Ibikoresho byo guhumeka
• Ibintu by'amazi meza nk'amasoko
• Sisitemu zo gushyushya no gukonjesha mu nyubako nini
• Gushyiramo insinga mu gihe cyo kubagwa
• Ubutaka (cyane cyane buturuka ku guhumeka ivumbi aho bubaka)

Icy'ingenzi: Indwara ya Legionnaires ntabwo yandurira mu bantu. Ni ukuvuga ko atari indwara yandura. Uyirwara gusa iyo ukuye bagiteri mu bidukikije.

Indwara ya Legionnaires ipimwa ite?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara ya Legionnaires, nubonana na muganga, babanza kukubaza ibimenyetso byawe, amateka y'ubuzima bwawe, n'amateka y'urugendo rwawe ruheruka. Hanyuma bazakora isuzuma ry'umubiri.

Ibipimo bikurikira bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hemezwe ko indwara ari yo:

• Ikizamini cy'inkari cyangwa igipimo cy'amata: Ibi ni byo bipimo bikunze kugaragara. Bashaka bagiteri ya Legionella mu nkari zawe cyangwa mu gipimo cy'amata aturuka mu nkorora.
• Ibizamini by'amaraso: Icyitegererezo cy'amaraso yawe gishobora gufatwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari uturemangingo tw'umubiri cyangwa ibice bya bagiteri umubiri wawe wakoze birwanya bagiteri ya Legionella. Ibi bishobora kandi kugenzura uburyo izindi ngingo zawe zakora neza.
• Gupima mu gituza X-ray cyangwa CT scan: Aya mashusho ashobora gufasha gusuzuma ubwandu mu bihaha byawe, nka pneumonia.
• Bronchoscopy: Hari igihe muganga ashobora gukenera gushyira umuyoboro muto ufite kamera mu bihaha. Ibi bituma muganga ashobora gusuzuma imbere mu bihaha no gufata ingero kugira ngo apimwe.
• Thoracentesis: Iyo hari amazi akikije ibihaha, urugero rw'ayo mazi rushobora gufatwa rugapimwa bagiteri ya Legionella.

Ibi bizamini ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kumenya neza niba ufite indwara ya Legionnaires cyangwa udafite.

Indwara ya Legionnaires ivurwa ite?

Indwara ya Legionnaires ivurwa na antibiyotike . Izi antibiyotike zishobora gutangwa nk'urushinge mu mitsi (IV) cyangwa nk'ibinini, bitewe n'uburemere bw'indwara.

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka, ushobora gukenera guhabwa umwuka wa ogisijeni. Ubuvuzi bw'iki kibazo akenshi busaba ko ujya mu bitaro.

Bumwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa antibiyotike zikoreshwa mu kuvura ni:

• Azithromycin
• Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin cyangwa Ciprofloxacin
• Tetracycline, doxycycline , cyangwa minocycline
• Rifampin (itangwa hamwe n'izindi antibiyotike)

Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bikomeye, niba udashobora guhumeka wenyine, ushobora gukenera ubufasha bwo guhumeka hifashishijwe imashini (ihumeka ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga).

Ni iki twakora kugira ngo twirinde indwara ya Legionnaires?

Hari ibintu twe, ndetse n'abayobozi b'inyubako, dushobora gukora kugira ngo tugabanye iyi ngaruka.

• Abacunga inyubako nini: Ni ngombwa kubungabunga no kwica udukoko mu nyubako yawe mu miyoboro y'amazi, imiyoboro ishyushya, n'iminara ikonjesha. Ibi bishobora gufasha mu kugenzura ukwiyongera kwa bagiteri za Legionella.
• Ibintu dushobora gukora mu rugo:
• Sukura ibintu nk'imitwe yo kwiyuhagira, robine, ubwogero bushyuha, n'ibikoresho bifasha guhumeka buri gihe.
• Ntugakoreshe amazi asanzwe aho gukoresha amazi yo kwihanagura mu modoka yawe, kuko iyi mikorobe ishobora no gukura muri icyo kigega cy'amazi.

Ni iki wakwitega uramutse urwaye indwara ya Legionnaires?

Indwara ya Legionnaires ishobora kugutera kurwara cyane, akenshi bigasaba kuvurwa mu bitaro. Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko ishobora kuvurwa n'imiti yica udukoko.

Uzakenera gufata imiti ndetse na nyuma yo kugera mu rugo uvuye kwa muganga kugeza igihe ubwandu buzimiye burundu. Hari abantu bashobora kugira ibi bimenyetso mu gihe cy'amezi menshi nyuma yo gukira:

• Kumva unaniwe cyane (Umunaniro)
• Ibibazo bijyanye no kuringaniza cyangwa guhuza ibikorwa
• Kugorwa no kugenda
• Imvugo idasobanutse neza
• Kubabara imitsi

Niba ibimenyetso nk'ibi bikomeje, ni ngombwa kuvugana na muganga wawe.

Ingorane z'indwara y'ingabo z'abagizi ba nabi

Hari igihe indwara ya Legionnaires ishobora guteza ingorane zikomeye. Izi zishobora kugira ingaruka ku ngingo zacu n'imitsi.

• Kunanirwa guhumeka: Iyo ibihaha bidashoboye gutanga umwuka uhagije mu maraso, byitwa kunanirwa guhumeka. Muri iki gihe, guhumeka bitangwa hifashishijwe imashini (ihumeka ry’imashini).
• Gukomereka kw'impyiko (AKI): Iyo impyiko zihagaritse gukora, ntizishobora kuyungurura imyanda iva mu maraso. Ibi bivurwa n'imiti cyangwa imashini isukura amaraso (dialysis).
• Encephalopathy: Ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n'imitsi (urujijo, ibibazo byo kuringaniza imiterere, kugorwa no kuvuga) bishobora kwiyongera.
• Empyema: Umwobo wuzuye amashyira mu mwanya ukikije ibihaha. Ibi bishobora gusaba umuyoboro wo mu gituza kugira ngo ufungure amashyira.
• Umutima wawe ubyimba: Udukoko twandurira mu mutima duterwa na bagiteri dushobora gutera ububyimbirwe. Hari igihe dushobora kuvurwa n'imiti.
• Rhabdomyolysis: Indwara iterwa no kwangirika kw'imitsi no kwangirika kwayo. Iyi ndwara ivurwa no gukura uburozi mu mubiri.

Izi ngorane ntizibaho kuri buri wese, ariko iyo indwara ibaye ikomeye, ibi bintu bishobora kubaho, bityo ni ngombwa cyane gushaka ubuvuzi vuba.

Ese ushobora kurokoka indwara ya Legionnaires?

Nubwo indwara ya Legionnaires ari indwara ikomeye, abantu benshi barayikira. Iyo ivuwe neza, igipimo cy'impfu zikomoka ku ndwara z'ibihaha ziterwa na Legionella kiri hagati ya 5% na 10%. Ariko, iyo itavuwe, ibyago byo gupfa bishobora kugera kuri 30% kugeza kuri 80%. Kubwibyo, gushaka inama kwa muganga vuba ibimenyetso bikigaragara bishobora kurokora ubuzima.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara ya Legionnaires (nk'umuriro, inkorora, kubura umwuka, impiswi, no kujijinganya twavuze mbere), hita ubonana na muganga.

Nanone, niba umenye icyorezo cya Legionnaires aho ukorera cyangwa ucumbitse, baza muganga wawe ingamba ugomba gufata.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu ishami rishinzwe ubuvuzi bwihutirwa (ETU) ?

Niba ufite umuriro mwinshi, ufite ingorane zikomeye zo guhumeka, urimo gukorora amaraso, cyangwa ibimenyetso bifitanye isano n'imitsi (ibibazo byo kuringaniza, kuvuga nabi, urujijo), jya mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bw'ibanze kiri hafi yawe vuba.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Niba usanzwe urwaye indwara ya Legionnaires, ushobora kubaza muganga wawe ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Bizantwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ngire gukira?
• Ni gute neza neza nkwiye gukoresha uyu muti?
• Ni ibihe bimenyetso bishya cyangwa bikomeje kugaragara nkwiye guhangayikishwa nabyo?

Amaherezo, icyo ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Rero, indwara ya Legionnaires, twavuzeho uyu munsi, ni indwara tugomba kwitaho cyane, kandi rimwe na rimwe ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Ariko, icy'ingenzi ni uko ari indwara ivurwa kandi igakira .

Wibuke:

* Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso by'iyi ndwara, ntugapfushe ubusa ahubwo shaka inama z'abaganga ako kanya.

* Witondere ibi cyane cyane niba uri mu itsinda ry’abantu bashobora guhura n’ikibazo cyo kwandura (nk’abantu barengeje imyaka 50, abanywa itabi, cyangwa umuntu ufite ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri budakomeye).

* Gufata neza inzira z'amazi zidukikije, cyane cyane izo mu nyubako nini n'amahoteli, ni ingenzi cyane mu gukumira ikwirakwira ry'iyi ndwara.

* Komeza ibintu nk'amarobine n'imitwe yo kwiyuhagira isuku mu rugo.

Ndizera ko aya makuru azaba ingirakamaro kuri wewe. Komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!

Indwara y'abagizi ba nabi , umusonga, Legionella, kwandura ibihaha, bagiteri, kugorwa no guhumeka, imiti yica udukoko