Tekereza ko wagiye ku zuba maze uhita winjira mu cyumba cyijimye, urugero, muri sinema. Cyangwa iyo uri kugenda mu muhanda nijoro, ahantu hatagira amatara, bifata igihe kugira ngo ubone ibikukikije, si byo? Ibyo ni byo twita kureba nijoro, cyangwa mu mvugo y'ubuvuzi , kureba mu buryo bwa scotopic . Ubu ni ubushobozi butangaje bw'amaso yacu.
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Uku kureba nijoro bikora gute?
Iyi ni inzira ishimishije cyane. Mu magambo make, ni nk'uko kamera ikora. Reka turebe uko ikora.
Tekereza wavuye ahantu hafite urumuri rwinshi ukajya ahantu hijimye.
1. Imboni y'ijisho irakura: Ikintu cya mbere kibaho ni uko igice cy'umukara kiri hagati mu jisho ryawe, imboni , cyaguka kugira ngo cyinjiremo urumuri rwinshi rushoboka. Ni nko gukuza lensi ya kamera.
2. Umucyo winjira muri retina: Umucyo winjira mu jisho muri ubu buryo ugera ku gace kameze nk'agakingirizo kitwa retina inyuma y'ijisho.
3. Uturemangingo twihariye dutangira gukora: Hari utundi tunyangingo twihariye tubarirwa muri za miriyoni muri retina dushobora kumva urumuri. Utwo tunyangingo twitwa photoreceptors . Utwo turi mu bwoko bubiri.
- Amabara: Ibi bidufasha kubona amabara mu mucyo mwiza.
- Inkoni: Dore intwari zo mu nkuru yacu. Izi "nkoni" ni uturemangingo tudufasha kubona mu rumuri ruto, ni ukuvuga nijoro.
4. Inzira y'imiti iratangira: Umaze kwinjira mu mwijima, mu minota mike, poroteyine yitwa rhodopsin mu turemangingo twawe tw'imitsi iratangira gukora. Iyi gahunda yose ifata iminota 30 kugira ngo irangire, kandi ushobora kubona neza mu mwijima. Ese wigeze ubona impamvu uhita utabona mu mwijima?
5. Ubutumwa bujya mu bwonko: Uturemangingo tw’uruti dukoreshwa duhindura uru rumuri rwo hasi mo ibimenyetso by’amashanyarazi hanyuma tukabyohereza mu bwonko binyuze mu mitsi y’amaso .
6. Ubwonko burema ishusho: Amaherezo, ubwonko bwawe buhindura ibi bimenyetso bukarema ishusho ubona mu mwijima.
Ese wigeze wumva umeze nk'aho ubona ibintu nijoro ariko ukagorwa no gutandukanya amabara? Ibyo biterwa nuko udutsiko, ari two turemangingo dukora nijoro, tudashobora gutandukanya amabara. Tubona gusa ibintu by'umukara, umweru, n'imvi.
Ni izihe ndwara zigira ingaruka ku kureba nijoro?
Uburyo tubona nijoro bushingiye ku buzima bw'uturemangingo tw'ijisho (rods) mu jisho ryacu. Bityo ikintu cyose cyangiza utu turemangingo gishobora kwangiza uburyo tubona nijoro. Dore zimwe mu ndwara zishobora gutera ibi.
| Imiterere | Mu magambo make ... |
|---|---|
| Indwara z'amaso | Ijisho rigira ibicu, rigatuma urumuri rwinjira mu jisho rugabanuka. Ubuhumyi bwo mu ijoro (nyctalopia) ni ikimenyetso gikomeye cy'indwara ya katarakte. |
| Kurwara kw'inkoni y'igiti | Iyi ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo tw'umubiri (genetic) ituma uturemangingo tw'uturemangingo tw'ijisho (cone) n'uturemangingo tw'ijisho (rod cells) dupfa buhoro buhoro. |
| Kwangirika kw'amagufwa y'amaso | Ibi byangiza igice cyo hagati cya retina, bishobora gutuma umuntu atabona neza iyo areba imbere. |
| Retinitis Pigmentosa | Iyi nayo ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo. Ibanza gusenya inkoni, hanyuma udusimba dutangira gupfa. |
Kuki inyamaswa zishobora kubona neza nijoro kurusha uko twe tubibona?
Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bafite. Inyamaswa nk'injangwe n'imbwa zishobora kubona neza nijoro kurusha twe. Hari impamvu ebyiri z'ingenzi zibitera.
1. Amaso manini: Amaso y'inyamaswa na retina ni binini kurusha ayacu, bityo amaso yazo ashobora kubona urumuri rwinshi nubwo urumuri ruke.
2. Urumuri rumurika: Inyuma ya retina y'inyamaswa, hari urumuri rwitwa tapetum lucidum . Ibi bikora nk'indorerwamo. Umucyo winjira mu jisho unyura muri retina, ugakubita kuri uru rumuri, hanyuma ukagaruka kuri retina. Ni ukuvuga ko umucyo ukubita kuri retina kabiri aho kuba rimwe. Niyo mpamvu bashobora kubona neza no mu bihe byijimye cyane. Wigeze ubona amaso y'injangwe yaka iyo urumuri rubamurikiye nijoro? Ibyo biterwa n'uru rumuri rwitwa (Tapetum lucidum).
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Check Availability →Ni gute twakomeza kubona neza nijoro?
Amaso yacu ni umutungo w'agaciro gakomeye. Rero ni inshingano zacu kuyarinda. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo ukomeze kubona neza nijoro.
- Suzuma amaso yawe buri gihe: Nubwo waba utambaye indorerwamo, ni ngombwa ko ugenzurwa n'umuganga w'amaso nibura rimwe mu mwaka . Muri ubwo buryo, ibibazo byose bishobora kumenyekana hakiri kare.
- Suzuma ubuzima bwawe mu buryo bwuzuye: Indwara nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso na diyabete zishobora kugira ingaruka ku maso yawe. Rero, jya kwa muganga wawe buri gihe kugira ngo asuzumwe mu buryo bwuzuye.
- Ambara indorerwamo z'izuba nziza: Ambara indorerwamo z'izuba zifite uburinzi bwa UV 100% (UV400) kugira ngo urinde amaso yawe imirasire yangiza y'izuba (UV). Ntukarebe izuba neza.
- Irinde kunywa itabi: Kunywa itabi bishobora kwangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso yoroshye iri muri retina yawe. Ibi kandi bigira ingaruka ku turemangingo tw'urumuri rwawe.
- Kurya indyo yuzuye: Ibiribwa bikungahaye kuri antioxydants ni ingenzi cyane ku buzima bw'amaso. Kurya indyo ikungahaye ku mbuto, imboga, ibinyamisogwe n'ibinure byiza.
Ubu uzi byinshi kuri ubu bushobozi butangaje bwitwa "night vision", budufasha kubona inzira mu mwijima no kujya mu nzu. Kugira ngo ubu bushobozi bukomeze, ni ngombwa kwita ku maso yawe. Niba ugize impinduka cyangwa ikibazo mu maso yawe nijoro, ntubyirengagize kandi ushake inama kwa muganga ako kanya.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Uturemangingo twihariye twitwa inkoni muri retina y'ijisho tudufasha kubona mu mwijima.
- Indwara zimwe na zimwe, nka cataract, zishobora gutuma utabona neza nijoro.
- Niba ubonye impinduka mu byo ubona nijoro, ni ngombwa ko wipimisha amaso yawe vuba bishoboka. Shaka muganga wawe .
- Ibintu nk'indyo nziza, kwambara indorerwamo z'izuba zirinda imirasire y'izuba, no kwirinda kunywa itabi bishobora gufasha amaso yawe kuguma afite ubuzima bwiza.
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