Reka twige byinshi kuri tetanasi. Ntugahangayike, irashobora kwirindwa!

Ushobora kuba warumvise 'tetanus' cyangwa 'indwara yo gufunga'. Mu by'ukuri ni indwara ikomeye gato, ariko ku bw'amahirwe, ni indwara ishobora kwirindwa. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuganire muri make kuri tetanus, uko ikura, ibimenyetso byayo, uburyo ivurwa, cyane cyane uburyo bwo kuyirinda, sibyo?

Tetanus ni iki?

Mu magambo make, indwara yo kubabara ni indwara ikomeye ariko ishobora kwirindwa, igira ingaruka ku mitsi n'imitsi yo mu mubiri wacu. Hari n'abantu bayita 'indwara yo kubura umunwa', kuko ikimenyetso nyamukuru ari ukudashobora gufungura umunwa bitewe n'uko imitsi ikomeza gukomera. Mu bihugu byateye imbere nka Amerika, iyi ndwara ni gake cyane kuko abana bayikingirwa kuva bafite amezi abiri. Ariko, mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere nkatwe, iracyari ikibazo.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera ibiheri?

Noneho reka turebe uko iki gisebe kigenda gikura. Giterwa n'ubwoko bwa bagiteri. Mu by'ukuri, ni agakoko ka bagiteri kitwa `(Clostridium tetani)`. Ibi bikunze kuba ahantu nko mu butaka no mu mukungugu.

Bagiteri ya Clostridium tetani n'uburozi ikora

Iyo bagiteri ya Clostridium tetani yinjiye mu mibiri yacu, ikora uburozi, bukaba uburozi. Ubu burozi ni bubi cyane. Bugenda mu mitsi aho bwakomeretse bukagera mu bwonko cyangwa mu ruti rw'umugongo. Iyo bumaze kugerayo, uburozi bubangamira imikorere isanzwe y'imitsi yacu. By'umwihariko, bugira ingaruka ku mitsi itwara imizigo, itwara ubutumwa bwo kwimura imitsi yacu. Niyo mpamvu imitsi yacu ikomera kandi igahinda.

Ni gute ibi byinjira mu mubiri cyane cyane?

Akenshi, iyi bagiteri yinjira mu mubiri inyuze mu gisebe cyanduye. Urugero, tekereza ku ruhu rwawe rufite ingese, cyangwa igisebe cyanduye gifite umwanda n'umukungugu. Hari igihe igisebe kiba gito cyane ku buryo dushobora kutabibona. Ariko n'icyo gisebe gito gishobora kwinjiza iyi bagiteri.

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibikomere bishobora kurwara ikibyimba:

• Ibikomere bifite uruhu rwapfuye: Ingero zirimo ubushye, ubukonje, ibisebe, cyangwa ibikomere byo gukomereka.
• Ibikomere byandujwe n'umwanda, amacandwe, cyangwa amabyi: Ibi biba mu kaga cyane cyane iyo bidasukuwe neza.
• Ibikomere biterwa n'inshinge zanduye kandi zitarasukurwa: Urugero, inshinge zikoreshwa mu gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, kwishushanya ku mubiri, cyangwa kwitobora.

Tetanus y'umwana ukiri muto ni iki?

Hariho ubundi bwoko bwihariye bwa tetanus, ari bwo tetanus igaragara ku bana bavutse. Iyi nayo tuyita `(Tetanus y'impinja)`. Ibi bibaho cyane cyane iyo umwana avutse mu buryo buhumanye, cyane cyane iyo umugozi w'inkondo udasukuye nyuma yo gucibwa, aho mikorobe zinjira. Ariko, mu bihugu byateye imbere, bitewe n'urukingo rwa tetanus ruhabwa ababyeyi n'inama zitangwa zo gukomeza kugira isuku y'umugozi nyuma yo kuvuka k'umwana, iyi mimerere ya `(Tetanus y'impinja)` ubu ni gake cyane. Ibi kandi biraduhangayikishije cyane mu gihugu cyacu.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'inda ziterwa no gukuramo inda?

Noneho reka turebe ibimenyetso bigaragara iyo habayeho uduheri. Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara kuva ku minsi mike kugeza ku kwezi nyuma y’uko iyi bagiteri yinjiye mu mubiri.

Akenshi bitangirana no gufunga imitsi y'umusaya . Ibi kandi byitwa "trismus". Bimera nk'aho umusaya ufunze, kandi biragoye gufungura umunwa. Byongeye kandi:

• Biragoye kumira.
• Gukomera cyangwa ububabare bw'imitsi bishobora kugaragara mu ijosi, mu bitugu no mu mugongo .
• Uku gukomera kw'imitsi gushobora gukwirakwira buhoro buhoro mu bice nko mu nda, mu maboko yo hejuru (amaboko), no mu bibero .
• Hari igihe imitsi ishobora gukomera cyane ku buryo umubiri wose ugonda inyuma nk'umuheto. Ibi bishobora kubabaza cyane.
• Ushobora kandi kugira ibimenyetso nko kubira ibyuya byinshi no gutera cyane umutima.

Ni gute wavura eczema?

Iyo umuntu agize ikibazo cyo gucika kw'imitsi, agomba kujya mu bitaro no kuvurwa. Akenshi, ubuvuzi butangirwa mu cyumba cy'indembe (ICU) .

Aho ngaho, uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura butangwa ni ubu:

• Imiti igabanya ubukana itangwa kugira ngo yica bagiteri.
• Urukingo rwitwa Tetanus Immune Globulin (TIG) rutangwa kugira ngo ruhagarike uburozi bwamaze gukorwa mu mubiri.
• Imiti itangwa kugira ngo igabanye kunanuka kw'imitsi no kubabara kw'imitsi.
• Nanone, iyo bibaye ngombwa, ubuvuzi butangwa kugira ngo imikorere y'ingenzi y'umubiri, nko guhumeka, ikomeze neza. Bishobora kandi kuba ngombwa guhuza umurwayi n'imashini kugira ngo bifashe mu guhumeka.

Igikuru ni uko eclampsia ari indwara ikomeye cyane. Kubwibyo, niba ufite ibimenyetso, ni ngombwa kwihutira kujya mu bitaro.

Ese ushobora kwirinda ko inda ivamo?

Yego! Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Impiswi ni indwara dushobora kwirinda burundu . Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo kubikora:

1. Ukingiwe indwara y'inkorora. Ubu ni bwo burinzi bwiza kandi bw'ingenzi.

2. Niba hari ibyago byo kurwara tetanasi nyuma yo gukomereka, fata urukingo (prophylaxis nyuma yo guhura n'indwara ya tetanasi).

Reka tuvuge kuri ibi bibiri mu buryo burambuye.

Uburinzi ku gukingirwa

Urukingo rwo kurinda diphtheria ruri muri gahunda y'igihugu cyacu yo gukingira. Uru rukingo rukunze gutangwa mu bwana nk'igice cy'urukingo rw'uruvange rwitwa `DTaP`. `DTaP` ni urukingo rurinda indwara zose uko ari eshatu: diphtheria (diphtheria), tetanus (tetanus), na whooping cough (acellular pertussis).

Gahunda isanzwe yo gutanga izi nkingo ku bana bato ni iyi ikurikira:

• Urukingo rwa DTaP rutangwa inshuro enye mbere y'imyaka 2 (ku mezi 2, 4, 6, na 18).
• Hanyuma, hatangwa indi dose ya `DTaP` hagati y'imyaka 4-6 .
• Hanyuma, inkingo yongerera imbaraga yitwa `Tdap` itangwa ku myaka iri hagati ya 11 na 12. Iyo iyi nkingo idakingiwe, ishobora gutangwa nyuma. `Tdap` ni urukingo rwa diphtheria, tetanasi, n'inkorora, ariko yagenewe abantu bakuru n'abana bato.

Nyuma y'ibyo, ni byiza gufata urukingo rwa Tdap cyangwa urukingo rwa Td booster, rurinda gusa tetanus na pertussis , buri myaka 10. Iki ni ikintu ugomba gukomeza gukora mu buzima bwawe bwose. Niba utibuka igihe waherukaga gufata booster yawe, ni byiza kubaza muganga w'umuryango wawe.

Uru rukingo ni ingenzi cyane ku babyeyi batwite!

Ikindi kintu cy'ingenzi cyane ni uko buri mugore utwite asabwa guhabwa urukingo rwa `Tdap` mu gice cya kabiri cy'inda, mu gihe cyose atwite. Ni ngombwa kubona uru rukingo mu gihe cyose atwite, hatitawe ku kuba wararukingiwe mbere cyangwa igihe uheruka kuruhabwa. Ibi bizarinda umubyeyi n'umwana uvutse indwara ya tetanus. Ibi bizafasha kurinda umwana indwara ya `(Tetanus y'impinja)` twavuze mbere.

Kwirinda Tetanus nyuma yo guhura n'indwara

Iyo ugize imvune itunguranye, cyane cyane niba ari igikomere kinini cyangwa igikomere cyanduye cyandujwe n'umwanda, ivumbi, cyangwa amase, hari ibyago byo kurwara tetanasi. Muri ibyo bihe, ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga no kubaza niba ukeneye gufata umuti witwa "post-exposure tetanus prophylaxis".

Inkingo zitangwa muri iki gihe ziterwa n'ibintu byinshi:

• Hashize igihe kingana iki kuva aho uheruka guterwa urukingo rwawe rwo kongera imbaraga mu gutera iseru?
• Ni inkingo zingahe za measles wahawe mu buzima bwawe?
• Imiterere y'igikomere (ibintu nk'uburyo kijya kure, uburyo cyanduye).

Kubwibyo, niba ugize igikomere, ni byiza kugisukura neza no gushaka inama kwa muganga.

Ibintu bya mbere ugomba gukora iyo ukomeretse

Igikomere icyo ari cyo cyose cy'uruhu, cyane cyane igikomere kinini cyangwa gishobora kwanduzwa n'umwanda, amacandwe, cyangwa amabyi, ni ingenzi cyane kugisukura neza, kugisiga imiti no kugipfuka ako kanya .

Niba bishoboka, oza igikomere neza ukoresheje isabune n'amazi. Niba hari umwanda cyangwa imyanda mu gikomere, gikureho. Hanyuma, gisukure ukoresheje umuti wica udukoko hanyuma ugipfukeho agace gasukuye ka gaze cyangwa sima. Ariko, niba igikomere ari kinini, kinini, cyangwa cyanduye cyane, ugomba kujya kwa muganga usibye ubu buvuzi bw'ibanze bwo mu rugo.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Niba utazi neza niba wowe cyangwa abana bawe mwarahawe urukingo rw’iseru rukwiye, cyangwa niba uzi ko batarahabwa urukurikirane rwuzuye rw’inkingo, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga w’umuryango wawe mukabiganiraho.

• Niba hashize imyaka irenga 10 nta muntu wo mu muryango wawe waherukaga kubona urukingo rw'inyongeramusaruro, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga maze umenye amakuru ajyanye n'inkingo zawe.
• Iyo ugize igikomere kinini cyangwa ukomeretse, hita usukura igikomere hanyuma uhamagare muganga umubaze ibijyanye no kwirinda indwara ya tetanus nyuma yo guhura na yo.
• Niba umwana wawe cyangwa undi muntu afite ibimenyetso byo gufunga imitsi, cyangwa imitsi ikagira imitsi ifunganye cyangwa ifunganye , cyane cyane nyuma y'imvune, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba. Ibi bishobora kuba ari ikibazo cyihutirwa.

Wibuke ko nubwo iseru ari indwara ikomeye, dushobora kuyirinda dukingiwe kandi tugahabwa ubuvuzi bwihuse iyo turwaye.

Ibintu byo kwibuka muri make

Sawa, reka turebe bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka mu byo twavuzeho:

• Tetanus ni indwara ikomeye, ariko ishobora kwirindwa n'urukingo.
• Ibi biterwa n'uburozi bukorwa na bagiteri yitwa Clostridium tetani, iba mu butaka.
• Ishobora kwandurira mu bikomere byanduye, cyane cyane ibikomere birebire, n'ibindi nk'inzara zangiritse.
• Kuziba, kunyaragura imitsi, no kugorwa no kumira ni byo bimenyetso by'ingenzi.
• Ubuvuzi butangirwa mu bitaro, mu cyumba cy’indembe (ICU).
• Uburyo bwiza bwo kuyirinda ni uguhabwa inkingo za diphtheria (DTaP, Tdap, Td) ku gihe cyagenwe. Ntiwibagirwe gufata inkingo zongerera imbaraga buri myaka 10.
• Ni itegeko ku babyeyi batwite guhabwa urukingo rwa `Tdap` mu gihe cyose batwite.
• Iyo ugize igikomere, gisukure neza, kandi nibiba ngombwa, fata ingamba zo kwirinda indwara ya tetanus nyuma yo kugaragara nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse.
• Niba ibimenyetso bigaragaye, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya.

Uramutse uzi neza ibi bintu kandi ugakingirwa neza, ushobora kwirinda indwara yitwa measles n'umuryango wawe. Nta cyo ugomba gutinya, kumenya ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kwirinda!

` Tetanusi, Lockjaw, Clostridium tetani, Urukingo, DTaP, Tdap, Ibikomere, Tetanusi ya Neonatal