Ese urimo utakaza ibara mu maso yawe? (Indwara yo gukwirakwira kw'amabara) - Ese ibi bishobora kuba intandaro ya glaucoma (Indwara ya glaucoma y'amabara)?

Ese wigeze utekereza ko utuntu duto dushobora gucika mu maso yawe tugatera ibibazo? Mu by’ukuri, uduce tw’ibara ry’amaso yacu rimwe na rimwe dushobora gucika tugafunga inzira z’amazi ari mu maso. Iyo ibi bibaye, umuvuduko uri mu maso uriyongera, ibyo bikaba byatera indwara ikomeye yitwa glaucoma . Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri imwe muri izo ndwara, Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) na Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) ishobora guterwa na yo.

Indwara yo gukwirakwira kw'amabara (PDS) na glaucoma y'amabara (PG) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, izi ni indwara ebyiri zimwe. Indwara yo gukwirakwira kw'amabara (PDS) ni igihe ibara riri mu mboni yawe y'amaso , riha amaso yawe ibara ryayo, ricikamo uduce duto hanyuma rigatangira kureremba mu mazi ari mu jisho ryawe. Tekereza nk'irangi rikura ku giti gishaje.

Iyo iyi ndwara ya PDS ikomeje igihe kirekire, wenda imyaka cyangwa imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, ishobora kumera nk'indwara yitwa pigmentary glaucoma (PG) . Si abantu bose bafite PDS bazarwara PG . Ariko, uko umara igihe kirekire ufite PDS , niko ibyago byo kurwara PG byiyongera.

Ni gute indwara yo gukwirakwira kw'amabara (PDS) itera glaucoma?

Kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe, tugomba kubanza kumenya bike ku bibera imbere mu jisho. Iri y'ijisho ryawe ni umutsi urambuye, ufite ishusho y'uruziga, urimo ibara ryitwa melanin , riha ijisho ryawe ibara ryaryo. Iyi iris ifite imyanya ibiri imbere n'inyuma yayo. Iyi myanya yuzuyemo amazi yitwa aqueous humor . Umuvuduko w'aya mazi ni wo utuma ijisho rigumana uruziga.

Iyo ufite PDS , iris yawe ntishobora gukomeza gufata ishusho yayo neza kandi iragonda cyane inyuma. Inyuma y'iris ihita yikubita ku mitsi igenzura imiterere y'ijisho. Uko iris yawe igenda ikura kandi igafatana (ni ukuvuga iris igenda ifatana kugira ngo ijyane n'urumuri), utubuto tw'ibara ry'iris tuba turekuye.

Mu by’ukuri, aya mabara arimo gukurwaho, nk’uko ibara rikurwaho ku giti.

Uduce tw’ibara ry’umukara turembera mu ruhu rw’amazi maze tukajyanwa mu bindi bice by’ijisho. Hariho uburyo bwo gusohora amazi kugira ngo ubu ruhu rw’amazi ruvane mu jisho. Byitwa trabecular meshwork . Uduce tw’ibara ry’umukara dushobora kwirundanya muri ubu ruhu rw’amazi rukayangiza. Iyo ibi bibaye, uruhu rw’amaziAmazi ntashobora kuva mu jisho neza. Ibi bituma umuvuduko w'ijisho wiyongera. Ibi byitwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu maso. Ibi bikomeje, bishobora gutera glaucoma . Iyo glaucoma itavuwe, ishobora gutuma umuntu atabasha kubona neza, ndetse no guhuma.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya PDS na PG?

Akenshi, PDS nta bimenyetso itera. Kubwibyo, abantu benshi ntibazi ko bafite iyi ndwara. Ariko, iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, akenshi bisa n'ibimenyetso bisanzwe bya glaucoma . Muri byo harimo:

• Kubabara amaso
• Ubutukura bw'amaso
• Kumva urumuri ( photophobia )
• Kubona urumuri cyangwa urumuri rukikije amatara

Hari abantu bashobora kwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'amaso by'igihe gito, kutabona neza, cyangwa kugaragara neza mu maso hafi y'amatara, nko mu gihe cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ariko ibi bizashira nyuma y'igihe runaka.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera PDS?

Impuguke ntiziramenya neza impamvu ya PDS , ariko zagaragaje ibintu byinshi bishobora kuyitera.

• Genetics: Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje isano iri hagati y’impinduka zimwe na zimwe za ADN na PDS/PG . Iyi niyo mpamvu PDS na PG bishobora kugaragara mu miryango. Ariko, biragoye kumenya uko bizagenda.
• Imyaka: PDS ikunze gupimwa ku bantu bari hagati y'imyaka 20 na 50.
• Igitsina: Indwara za PDS na PG zigira ingaruka ku bagabo cyane.
• Ubwoko: Abantu b'abirabura cyangwa abakomoka muri Aziya bafite ibyago bike byo kurwara PDS na PG . Abazungu bafite ibyago byinshi.
• Kureba hafi (Myopia): Abantu bafite myopia , bivuze ko batabasha kureba kure, baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara PDS na PG . Uko ureba hafi cyane, niko uba ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara PDS cyangwa ikaba yahinduka PG .
• Imiterere y'amaso: Niba icyumba cyawe cy'imbere kiri mu bujyakuzimu, uba ushobora kurwara PDS na PG . Ibi biterwa nuko iyo icyumba kiri mu bujyakuzimu, amazi menshi ashobora kucyirundamo. Ibi bishobora gutuma iris "igonda" inyuma, yerekeza kuri lens. Nanone, cornea igonze ishobora kuba imwe mu mpamvu zibitera.
• Urwego rw'imyitozo ikabije: Imyitozo ngororamubiri ikabije cyangwa imyitozo ngororamubiri ndetseUbushakashatsi bwerekana ko hari isano iri hagati ya PDS/PG . Niba ufite PDS cyangwa PG , muganga wawe w'amaso ashobora kukubaza ibijyanye n'imyitozo ngororamubiri yawe. Niba urugero rw'imyitozo yawe rugira ingaruka kuri iyi ndwara, ashobora kukugira inama yo kuyigabanya.

Gukwirakwiza ibara rya kabiri ni iki?

Hari izindi mpamvu zishobora gutuma iris yawe itakaza ibara. Ibi byitwa "secondary PDS." Ibi bitandukanye na "primary PDS." Primary PDS ni igihe PDS ibaho nta kindi kibazo cy’uburwayi cyihishe inyuma. Ariko, PG ishobora no kubaho kuri secondary PDS.

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutera PDS ya kabiri ni ibi bikurikira:

• Akaga ku maso
• Ibibyimba (ibibyimba) biba mu jisho
• Gutanduka kwa lensi yo mu jisho (IOL )

Ni gute wamenya PDS na PG?

Uburyo bwiza bwo kumenya PDS mbere yuko ibimenyetso bigaragara ni ugusuzuma amaso buri gihe . Zimwe mu mpinduka zishobora kugaragara mu jisho mugihe cyo gusuzuma amaso bitewe na PDS cyangwa PG zirimo:

• Udupira twa Krukenberg: Uyu ni umurongo muto uhagaze ugaragara imbere y'amaso yawe, ufite ibara rimwe n'iris yawe. Ubaho iyo amazi asunitswe imbere iyo igitutu imbere mu jisho cyiyongera, bigatuma uduce tw'ibara ry'uruhu dufata imbere mu maso.
• Ubusembwa bw'indorerwamo y'amaso: Iyi ni imirongo mito y'ibara igaragara kuri iris. Isa n'imirongo y'uruziga rw'igare. Inzobere mu by'amaso irashobora kubibona ikoresheje uburyo bwihariye bwo kumurika.
• Gutera ibara hafi y'inkombe y'inyuma y'amaso: Inzobere mu by'amaso ishobora gukoresha ikizamini cyitwa gonioscopy kugira ngo irebe utunyangingo tw'ibara twashyizwemo.

Ibizamini muganga w'amaso ashobora gukoresha

Hari ibizamini byinshi bya glaucoma bishobora gufasha gusuzuma PDS na PG . Bimwe muri byo bikorwa mu gihe cyo gusuzuma amaso bisanzwe. Ibindi ni ibyazo by’inzobere. Inzobere mu by’amaso izakubwira ibizamini byiza byo gufasha gusuzuma cyangwa gukuraho PDS na PG .

Ibi bizamini bishobora kuba birimo kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira:

• Ikizamini cy'amatara yo gukata
• Tonometry ( gupima umuvuduko w'amaso)
• Tomografia ijyanye n'imikorere y'amajwi (OCT)
• Pachymetry (igipimo cy'ubugari bw'ishusho y'umugongo)
• Gonioscopy (isuzuma ry'inguni y'amazi mu jisho)
• Gupima imiterere y'amaso ( gupima imiterere y'amaso yo mu gice cyo hejuru)

PDS na PG bivurwa bite?

Uburyo bwo kuvura PDS na PG busa cyane no kuvura ubundi bwoko bwa glaucoma . Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora kuba burimo kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira:

• Imiti: Imiti ya Glaucoma ikora mu kugabanya umuvuduko w'ijisho mu buryo butandukanye. Hari imiti ikora mu kwagura imboni yawe no kongera amazi asohoka . Hari n'indi ikora mu kugabanya umusaruro w'amazi asohoka . Ibi bikunze kuboneka nk'ibitonyanga by'amaso.
• Kubaga Glaucoma: Ubu buryo busanzwe bugerageza kunoza urujya n'uruza rw'amazi n'imiyoboro y'amazi. Urugero, harimo kubaga trabeculectomy , goniotomy, na bimwe mu bikorwa byo kubaga hakoreshejwe laser.

Akenshi, abantu barwaye PDS na PG bagomba gukoresha uburyo buvanze kugira ngo babone ibisubizo byiza. Urugero, kubagwa hakoreshejwe laser hamwe n'imiti. Ubu buryo burakora neza cyane iyo imiti yonyine idagabanya umuvuduko mu jisho bihagije.

Inzobere mu by'amaso ni we muntu mwiza wo kuguha amakuru ajyanye n'uburyo bwo kuvura. Azakugira inama ku buryo ubwo buryo bwo kuvura buzakugiraho ingaruka, uburyo bwo kuvura, n'ingaruka mbi ushobora kwitega.

Niba mfite iyi ndwara, ni iki nkwiye kwitega?

Si abantu bose bafite PDS bazarwara PG . Ariko, ibyago biriyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Abantu bagera kuri 10% bafite PDS bazarwara PG mu myaka 10. Nyuma y'imyaka 15, uwo mubare uriyongera ukagera kuri 15%. Mu buzima bwabo bwose, iyi ngaruka iri hagati ya 35% na 50%.

Kubera ko indwara ya PDS na PG akenshi bitangira umuntu akiri muto cyane kurusha ubundi bwoko bwa glaucoma , ni ngombwa cyane guhangana n'iyi ndwara uko bishoboka kose. Kimwe muri ibyo ni ugukomeza kubonana na muganga w'amaso no gukurikirana.

Izi gahunda zishobora kuba buri mezi atatu kugeza kuri atandatu, cyangwa rimwe mu mwaka, bitewe n'uko urwaye. Ibi bizamini bishobora gufasha muganga wawe kubona ubwiyongere bw'umuvuduko w'amaso no kukugira inama yo kuvura kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika cyangwa byibuze ukareka gukomeza kwiyongera.

IbyaweGukurikirana no gucunga PDS cyangwa PG buri gihe ni ingenzi mu kubungabunga icyerekezo cyawe cyo kureba. Ubumuga buhoraho ni gake cyane mu bantu bakurikiza inama z'inzobere zabo, bakitabira isuzuma rihoraho , kandi bagakurikirana uburwayi bwabo.

Ese PDS cyangwa PG bishobora kwirindwa?

Ikibabaje ni uko nta kintu na kimwe wakora kugira ngo wirinde indwara za PDS na PG . Zibaho mu buryo butunguranye, kandi abantu benshi ntibazi ko bafite izi ndwara kugeza igihe muganga w’inzobere abonye izi mpinduka mu gihe cyo gusuzuma amaso buri gihe, cyangwa kugeza igihe ibimenyetso byagaragaye.

Niba mfite PDS cyangwa PG, nitwara nte?

Niba ufite PDS cyangwa PG , hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo ukomeze kubona no kwirinda ingorane zikomeye, nko kutabona neza:

• Shaka muganga wawe nk'uko byagusabye. Ntucikwe no kwisuzumisha ku gihe .
• Fata imiti yawe uko wanditswe. Koresha imiti uko wanditswe, mu gihe cyagenwe, no mu rugero rwagenwe.
• Niba muganga w'amaso agusabye, hindura imibereho yawe. Urugero, gabanya imyitozo ngororamubiri ikabije.
• Niba ubonye impinduka mu maso yawe, ukagira ibimenyetso bishya, cyangwa ufite ibibazo ku miti yawe, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu ishami rishinzwe ubuvuzi bwihutirwa (ETU) ?

Iyo ugaragaje ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe by'amaso, ugomba kwihutira kwivuza. Iyo bitavuwe, bishobora kwangirika mu maso bidasubirwaho. Nyuma yo kubimenya, ganira n'inzobere mu by'amaso yawe ku bimenyetso ugomba kwitondera cyane, hashingiwe ku ndwara yawe, n'icyo wakora niba ugaragaje kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso.

Ibimenyetso bisaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa ni ibi bikurikira:

• Guhinduka kw'amaso, nko kutabona neza mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo kureba
• Izuba rishya cyangwa rigenda riba ribi cyangwa urumuri rukikije amatara
• Ububabare butunguranye, bukomeye bw'amaso cyangwa umutwe
• Gutakaza amaso mu buryo butunguranye (igice cyangwa byose)

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Ibibazo bimwe na bimwe ushobora kubaza inzobere mu by'amaso:

• Indwara yanjye ya PDS ikabije/igeze ku rwego rungana iki? Ese yahindutse PG ?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura usaba?
• Ni izihe ngaruka mbi nkwiye kwitega mu kuvurwa? Ni iki nakora kugira ngo menye cyangwa ngo menye niba izo ngaruka mbi zihari?
• Ese ngomba guhindura gahunda zanjye cyangwa ibikorwa byanjye bisanzwe?

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Ufite Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) cyangwa Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG).Kumenya ko ufite glaucoma bishobora kugutangaza cyane, cyane cyane iyo uyirwaye ukiri muto. Nubwo ubwoko bwinshi bwa glaucoma bukura mu myaka ya za bukuru, PDS na PG akenshi bikura kare cyane. Nubwo izi ndwara zigira ingaruka nk'izindi ndwara za glaucoma , hari itandukaniro rikomeye. Ariko icy'ingenzi ni uko iyo uhawe ubuvuzi busanzwe kandi ukavurwa neza, PDS na PG bishobora gukemurwa kandi ingorane zikomeye nko kutabona neza cyangwa kutabona zishobora kugabanuka cyangwa kwirindwa. Rero, ntugatinye kandi ukurikize inama za muganga wawe.

Glaucoma , Indwara yo Gukwirakwira kw'Ibara, Glaucoma y'Ibara, Ubuzima bw'Amaso, Umuvuduko w'Amaso, Kureba, Indwara z'Amaso