Icyo ugomba kumenya kuri 'pons': ikiraro gito mu bwonko bwacu

Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo dushobora gukora ibintu nko guhumeka no guhumeka tutabyitayeho? Umutima ni wo uyobora umubiri wacu. Ni nk'ikibaho kinini gikoresha imbaraga mu nzu yose. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku gice cy'ingenzi cyane, gisa n'ikiraro cy'uyu mutwe. Icyo cyitwa 'pons'.

None se, iyi 'Pons' ni iki? Iherereye he?

Mu magambo make, pons ni ikiraro gikomeye gihuza ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo unyura mu mugongo wawe. Giherereye hasi mu bwonko, hagati y'umutwe w'ubwonko, ubwonko bwo hagati, na medulla oblongata.

Tekereza nk'imijyi ibiri minini. Umwe ni ubwonko bunini aho dutekereza kandi tugafata ibyemezo. Undi ni ubwonko buto bugenzura uburinganire n'ingendo z'umubiri wacu. Umuhanda munini, cyangwa ikiraro, gitwara amakuru hagati y'iyi mijyi ibiri ni pons. Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo binafasha mu gutanga ubutumwa hagati y'uruhande rw'iburyo n'ibumoso rw'ubwonko.

Imitsi myinshi yo mu maso no mu mutwe wacu igenzurwa n'iyi 'pons'. Imitsi myinshi igufasha kugenzura amarangamutima nko guhekenya ibiryo, guhumbya amaso, kwibanda ku kintu runaka, kurira, kumva ibyo wumva, kumwenyura no kugaragaza agahinda iratangira hano.

Ni iki koko kibaho kuri 'Ponce'?

Pons ni nk'ahantu hahurirwa n'ubutumwa, hakora imirimo myinshi y'ingenzi ku mubiri wacu.

• Kugenzura guhumeka: Iyo wiruka, ugenda, cyangwa wicaye gusa, umuvuduko wo guhumeka urahinduka, si byo se? Bibaho mu buryo busanzwe. Ibi bigenzurwa n'urusobe rw'uturemangingo tw'imitsi muri pons. Ibi byitwa pneumotaxic center. Iki gice kigena ingano y'umwuka ufata buri guhumeka n'igihe bifata kugira ngo uhumeke ubutaha.

• Kugenzura imikorere y'ibitotsi n'ibikangukira: Pons zigira uruhare runini mu kugenzura ibitotsi byinshi duhura na byo. Gusinzira si ugufunga amaso gusa, ahubwo ni igihe cy'agaciro ubwonko bwisana no gutunganya amakuru bwakusanyije umunsi wose. Pons zifasha kwemeza ko iki gikorwa gikorwa neza.

• Gutanga amarangamutima no kugenzura ingendo:Pons kandi zishinzwe kohereza amarangamutima nko kuryoherwa, gukorakoraho, n'amajwi ahantu hakwiye. Ni ingenzi kandi mu kugenzura imigendere y'umubiri wacu, cyane cyane imikorere y'imitsi yo mu maso.

Ni gute wamenya ikibazo kiri muri 'pons'?

Umutima ugizwe n'imiterere igoye cyane. Kubwibyo, rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugorana kumenya ibyangiritse kuri iki gice. Ariko, niba hari ikibazo kuri 'pons', ibimenyetso bikurikira bishobora kubaho. Iyo kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso bigaragaye mu buryo butunguranye, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga wita ku barwayi ba ETU byihutirwa (ETU) vuba, kuko bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara yo mu bwonko.

Iyo ubonye ibi bimenyetso nta kibazo kiri ku mutwe cyangwa ijosi, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy’ikibazo cy’ubwonko. Hari indwara ikomeye yo mu bwonko ishobora gutera indwara yitwa 'locked-in syndrome', aho umurwayi ashobora kwimura amaso gusa, ariko afite ubwenge bwuzuye n’ubushobozi bwo gutekereza.

Ni izihe ndwara zishobora kugira ingaruka ku ma pons?

Kubera ko pons ziherereye ahantu hagati mu bwonko, zishobora no kwibasirwa n'indwara nyinshi zikunze kugira ingaruka ku bwonko.

Muri bo:

• Indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi, cyane cyane indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi igira ingaruka ku maguru (Pontine Strokes )
• Indwara ya Myelinolysis ya Pontine yo Hagati - Iyi ni indwara ishobora guterwa n'impinduka zitunguranye mu rugero rwa sodium mu mubiri.
• Indwara z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, urugero nka sclerosis nyinshi
• Indwara zijyanye no kwangirika kw'imitsi, nka Multiple System Atrophy
• Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zibaho igihe umuntu avutse
• Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko

Byongeye kandi, pons zishobora kwangirika bitewe n'ibikomere byo mu mutwe.

• Gukomereka mu bwonko - ibikomere bito ku bwonko biterwa no gukubitwa ku mutwe
• Ibikomere byo mu bwonko bikomeretse

Indwara zo mu bwonko zifata imitsi yo mu bwonko (stroke) ziterwa ahanini n'ibibazo by'imitsi ijyana amaraso inyuma y'ubwonko (imitsi yo mu bwonko ifata uruti rw'umugongo n'iya basilar). Ibi bishobora kugira impamvu nyinshi.

• Ateriosclerosis: Ibinure byinshi (atherosclerosis) byibasira inkuta z'imitsi y'amaraso, bishobora gucika bigatuma amaraso afungana, bigafunga imitsi y'amaraso. Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara bwa stroke.
• Embolisme: Ifu y'amaraso ikora mu mutima cyangwa ahandi iracika ikajya mu mitsi y'amaraso mu bwonko.
• Vasculitis: Kubyimba imiyoboro y'amaraso, bivuze ko amaraso atembera nabi bitewe no kubyimba.
• Hypercoagulability: Indwara zituma amaraso yifunga vuba cyane.

Ni gute twakomeza kugira ubwonko bwacu bwose, harimo n'ubwonko bwacu bwa 'pons'?

Ubwonko bukoresha hafi 20% by'ingufu umubiri wacu ukora. Ibi bivuze ko ubwonko bukeneye imirire myiza n'ingufu buri gihe. Kugira ubwonko bugire ubuzima bwiza bivuze kurinda uturemangingo tw'imitsi twose, harimo n'udusimba two mu bwonko.

• Gusinzira neza: Gusinzira bihagije byongera imikorere y'ubwonko, kwibuka no kwitonda.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe: Imyitozo ngororamubiri yongera amaraso ajya mu bwonko, ibi bikaba byagufasha gukomeza kuba maso.
• Komeza indyo yuzuye: Kurya indyo yuzuye bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara nk'imitsi yo mu bwonko, diyabete, n'indwara ya Alzheimer.
• Gucunga indwara zidakira: Niba ufite indwara zidakira nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso cyangwa diyabete, zishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku bwonko bwawe. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kubonana na muganga wawe, ukavurwa neza, kandi ugacunga izo ndwara neza.
• Ambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda: Gukomereka mu mutwe bishobora kwangiza ubwonko bidasubirwaho. Buri gihe wambare ingofero iyo utwaye igare, moto, cyangwa urimo gukora indi mikino ishobora gutera gukomereka mu mutwe.