Ese umubyeyi ufite Rh negative, se afite Rh negative? Ese hari ingaruka ku mwana? (Kudahuza kwa Rh)

Buri mubyeyi na se bumva bishimye cyane iyo bamenye ko bategereje umwana . Ariko icyarimwe, hari ubwoba buke buza mu mutwe wawe, si byo se? Ibibazo nka 'Ese umwana azaba ameze neza?', 'Ese byose bizaba bimeze neza?' Birimo kwihuta mu mutwe wawe. Cyane cyane niba ubwoko bw'amaraso yawe ari 'Negative' naho ubwoko bw'amaraso y'umugabo wawe ari 'Positive', ushobora kuba warumvise ikintu cyitwa 'Rh incompatibility'. Kubyumva bishobora kugutera ubwoba gato. Ariko ntugahangayike na gato. Reka tuvuge kuri byose mu buryo bworoshye kandi busobanutse uyu munsi.

Igipimo cya Rh ni iki?

Sawa, reka tubanze turebe icyo iyi Rh factor ari cyo. Ni ikintu cyoroshye cyane. Ni poroteyine idasanzwe iri ku buso bw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso yacu.

• Niba uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura dufite iyi poroteyine, amaraso yawe ni Rh Positive (+) . Kimwe n’abantu benshi bo muri Sri Lanka, amaraso menshi ku isi ni Rh Positive.
• Niba udafite iyi poroteyine mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, ubwoko bw'amaraso yawe ni Rh negative (-) .

Ikibazo gishobora kuvuka gusa iyo umubyeyi afite Rh negative naho umwana akaba afite Rh Positive . Iyo nyina afite Rh Positive, nta kibazo kibaho hatitawe ku bwoko bw'amaraso y'umwana. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, niba umubyeyi n'umwana bombi bafite Rh negative, nta kibazo na kimwe kibaho. Iyi ndwara ntabwo yangiza ubuzima bw'umubyeyi. Ingaruka zayo ziba ku mwana.

Kutumvikana bitera ikibazo gute?

Ibi biroroshye cyane kubyumva. Ubusanzwe, mu gihe cyo gutwita, amaraso y'umubyeyi n'ay'umwana ntabwo yivanga. Aguma ukwayo n'ingobyi.

Ariko, mu gihe cyo kubyara, cyane cyane iyo placenta itandukanye, amaraso make y'umwana ashobora kwinjira mu maraso ya nyina. Tekereza ibi: umubyeyi afite Rh negative. Ibyo bivuze ko adafite poroteyine ya Rh mu mubiri we. Umwana avuka ari Rh Positive. Ibyo bivuze ko umwana afite poroteyine ya Rh mu maraso ye.

Noneho, iyo amwe mu maraso y'umwana afite Rh yinjiye mu mubiri wa nyina, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwa nyina bubona iyi poroteyine ya Rh nk'umujura w'umunyamahanga kandi uteje akaga. Nk'agakoko gatera indwara. Hanyuma umubiri wa nyina utangira gukora abasirikare badasanzwe, bitwa 'antibodies', kugira ngo barwanye uyu 'mujura'.

Kubera ko bifata igihe kugira ngo izi antibodies zikure, umwana wa mbere ntabwo aba yangiritse kuko iyi gahunda itangira nyuma yo kuvuka.

Iyo umwana wa kabiri afite Rh Positive, izi antibody ziva mu mubiri wa nyina zitera uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura tw'umwana zigatangira kutwica. Iyi ndwara tuyita 'Indwara ya Hemolytic y'uruhinja rushya'.

Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora kubaho ku mwana?

Kubera ko uturemangingo tw’umubiri twa nyina dutera uturemangingo dutukura tw’umwana, umwana ashobora kugira ibibazo bitandukanye by’ubuzima.

• Anemia : Ubwinshi bw'amaraso y'umwana bugabanuka bitewe no kwangirika kw'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso.
• Jaundice: Uruhu rw'umwana n'amaso bye bihinduka umuhondo bitewe n'ikintu cyitwa bilirubin, gisohoka mu turemangingo dutukura twangiritse.
• Indwara zikomeye: Mu bihe bikomeye cyane, ingingo z'umwana, nk'umutima n'umwijima, zishobora kwangirika, ndetse umwana agapfira mu nda.

Birateye ubwoba kumva ibi. Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko iki kibazo gishobora kwirindwa neza cyane.

Umuti: Urukingo rwa Anti-D (RhoGAM)

Bitewe n'iterambere rya siyansi y'ubuvuzi, ubu hari igisubizo cyiza cyane kuri iki kibazo cyo kudahuza kwa Rh. Icyo ni Anti-D immunoglobulin.Urukingo ruzwi cyane ku izina ry'ikirango `RhoGAM`.

Uru rukingo rutangwa hakurikijwe gahunda runaka.

1. Hafi y'ibyumweru 28 batwite: Ababyeyi hafi ya bose badafite Rh bahabwa urukingo rwa Anti-D muri iki gihe. Ibi ni ukugira ngo birinde amahirwe make cyane yo kuvanga amaraso mu buryo runaka mu gihe batwite.

2. Mu masaha 72 nyuma yo kubyara: Iyo byemejwe ko ubwoko bw'amaraso y'umwana uvutse afite Rh Positive, umubyeyi azahabwa urundi rushinge rwa Anti-D.

3. Mu bindi bihe: Uru rukingo ni itegeko nyuma y’igihe icyo ari cyo cyose amaraso y’umwana ashobora kwinjira mu mubiri wa nyina, nko gukuramo inda, gutwita inda z’imiyoboro y’amaraso, gukuramo inda, cyangwa amniocentesis.

Udukingirizo tw’umubiri turi muri uru rukingo ntitwambukiranya ingobyi kandi ntitwangiza umwana. Bityo rero, ni umutekano cyane.

Ibindi bintu bike byo kuzirikana

Ubwoko bw'amaraso y'umwana bugaragazwa bute?

Niba ufite Rh Negative, umwana wawe nta kabuza azahabwa gene ya Rh Negative. Kuba umwana afite Rh Negative cyangwa Rh biterwa na gene yarazwe na se.

• Niba se afite imiterere ya Homozygous Positive (bivuze ko yahawe imiterere ya Rh Positive n'ababyeyi be bombi), umwana nawe azahabwa imiterere ya Rh Positive. Kubwibyo , umwana azaba afite 100% bya Rh Positive.
• Niba se afite Heterozygous Positive (bivuze ko afite gene imwe nziza n'indi negative), umwana afite amahirwe 50% yo kubona gene nziza n'amahirwe 50% yo kubona gene negative. Ibi bivuze ko umwana afite amahirwe 50% yo kuba Rh Positive.

Kubera ko ibi bibazo by’uturemangingo bigoye gato, ushobora kuvugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo abisobanure neza.

Ibitekerezo bitari byo n'ukuri

Hari abantu bashobora gutinya urukingo rwa Anti-D kuko rukozwe mu maraso. Ariko uru rukingo rukorwa nyuma yo gusukurwa neza no kugaragara ko rufite umutekano. Nanone, ushobora kumva inkuru nka "Inshuti yanjye yabyaye abana babiri bazima ba Rh Positive atafashe Anti-D." Yego, bishobora kubaho gake cyane. Ariko ni nko gufata ibyago bitari ngombwa, nko gusimbuka mu muhanda udashaka imodoka zigenda zigana aho uri.