Ese uzi "ibyumviro bya gatandatu" by'umubiri wawe? (Proprioception) Reka tubiganireho!

Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo tumenya neza aho amaboko n'ibirenge byacu biri, nubwo amaso yacu afunze? Cyangwa uburyo dushobora kugenda mu mwijima tudahuye n'ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose? Ubushobozi butangaje tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi bwitwa 'Proprioception.' Ni nk'uburyo bwo 'kumenya' mu mubiri wacu.

"Proprioception" ni iki?

Mu magambo make, kumenya neza aho umubiri wawe uherereye ni uburyo umubiri wawe usanzwe umenya aho uhagaze n'uko ugenda. Ni ikintu kibaho mu buryo bwikora, si ikintu dutekerezaho. Ni cyo gituma ubwonko bwawe bumenya aho umubiri wawe uri n'uko ingingo zawe zihagaze, ndetse n'igihe utareba. Ni ingenzi kandi kugira ngo dukomeze kuringaniza.

Noneho hari irindi jambo rifitanye isano n'ibi, kandi ni 'kinesthesia.' 'Kinesthesia' ni ubushobozi bwo guhuza 'proprioception' n'izindi nzira kugira ngo habeho ingendo mu mibiri yacu no gukora ubuhanga butandukanye bw'umubiri. 'Kinesthesia' ni inzira y'imyitwarire. Ni ukuvuga ko ifasha umubiri wacu kumenya ingendo runaka no kwiga uburyo bwo kuyikora neza.

Tekereza gato, ndetse n'imirimo yoroshye nko kujugunya urupapuro mu myanda cyangwa kurya ukoresheje ikiyiko bisaba kumenya neza ibintu ndetse no kumenya imiterere y'umubiri. Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo n'ubuhanga bugoye nko gukora backflip ku murongo wo kuringaniza ibintu busaba byombi. Mu by'ukuri, iyo tudafite ubu bunararibonye bugoye bw'ibyumviro, ubuzima bwacu bwaba butandukanye cyane.

Ingero z'uburyo umuntu yakwita Proprioception mu buzima bwa buri munsi

Noneho reka turebe ingero zimwe na zimwe z'uburyo 'proprioception' na 'kinesthesia' bikora mu buzima bwa buri munsi.

Ibintu bibaho mu buryo butunguranye (Automatic Proprioception):

• Tekereza urimo kugenda mu muhanda w’amabuye, ahantu hatangana kandi hari amabuye manini. Umubiri wawe, amaguru yawe, n’ibirenge byawe birimo guhindura imitsi, bigufasha kugumana uburinganire bwawe no kugenda udasitara. Ibi bibaho utabizi.
• Iyo ukoze isuku ku mazuru yawe, ubwonko bwawe n'umubiri wawe bizi ko bigomba kwimura ikiganza cyawe n'intoki zawe hafi y'izuru ryawe. Ntabwo ukeneye no kureba ikiganza cyawe cyangwa kureba izuru ryawe mu ndorerwamo.
• Iyo uteruye ikintu kiremereye, umubiri wawe uba uzi imbaraga zikenewe kugira ngo ukifate, n'uburyo bwo kugumana uburinganire mu mubiri wawe wose.

Ibintu bibaho binyuze mu ngeso no kwiga ('Kinesthesia' - Ingendo Zizewe):

Hari igihe tubyita 'kwibuka imitsi.' Ibi bintu bisaba imbaraga n'imyitozo mike.

• Mu gihe wiga kugendera ku igare, ugomba kugira ubuhanga butandukanye bwo guhuza ibintu (nk'igare rinini n'iryari rinini) no gukomeza kuringaniza imikorere yaryo.
• Umucuranzi wa piano w’umuhanga ashobora gucuranga indirimbo azunguza intoki ze neza adarebye imfunguzo.
• Abakinnyi b'umupira w'amaguru biga kugenzura no gutera umupira bakoresheje imitsi runaka n'imbaraga runaka mu maguru no mu birenge byabo.
• Abakina umukino wo guterura (bowling) biga gufata, gutera no kuzunguza umupira wo guterura (bowling), ndetse no gukubita hasi imiterere itandukanye y'udupira.
• Umukinnyi w’imikino ngororamubiri w’umuhanga aba azi neza aho ari iyo agwa cyangwa azunguruka mu kirere kandi ashobora kugwa neza.

Ni izihe ngingo z'umubiri zigira uruhare mu "kumenya neza"?

Gusobanukirwa ibintu mbere y’uko umuntu avuka ni ikintu kigoye cyane, kandi bibaho utabizi. Hari ibice byinshi by’umubiri wawe bigira uruhare muri ibi:

• Ubwonko bwawe: Ibice byinshi by'ubwonko bwawe bikora hamwe kugira ngo bitunganye aya makuru y'ibyumviro. By'umwihariko, cerebellum , brainstem, na sensory cortex . Uko wumva imiterere y'umubiri wawe ni ko ubwonko bwawe busobanura ayo makuru kandi bukayakoresha.
• Utunyangingo tw’inyuma: Utu twanyangingo tuba mu ruhu rwawe, mu mitsi, mu mitsi, mu mitsi, no hafi y’amagufwa n’ingingo zawe. Tubasha kubona ibintu bitandukanye birimo gukoraho, gukanda, gukurura, kunyeganyega no kugenda. Tubona imbaraga zikora ku mubiri wawe kandi twohereza ayo makuru mu bwonko bwawe.
• Sisitemu y'amatwi yo mu gice cy'imbere: Hari ingingo eshanu z'ibyumviro mu gutwi kwawe. Izi ngingo z'ibyumviro zijyanye n'uko uhagaze, aho uhagaze, n'uko ugenda, ibyo ukeneye kugira ngo ukomeze kuringaniza. Izi nkuru kandi zoherezwa mu bwonko.
• Amaso: Binyuze mu kureba kwawe, amaso yawe yohereza amakuru mu bwonko bwawe yerekeye aho uherereye n'ibintu bikukikije. Ariko, kumenya neza ibintu bishobora gukora neza nubwo hatabaho kureba. Urugero, umuntu ufite ubushobozi bwo kumenya ibintu neza ashobora kuzamura urutoki rwe akarugeza ku mazuru ye nubwo yaba afunze amaso.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'uko umuntu adashoboye kumenya neza ibintu?

Noneho reka turebe ibimenyetso bigaragara niba ubwo bushobozi bwitwa 'proprioception' bucitse intege, cyangwa niba hari ikibazo kibufite.

• Ibibazo byo kuringaniza: Ibi bishobora gutera kugwa kenshi, bigatuma bigorana guhagarara cyangwa kugenda neza.
• Uburangare/Ubuswa:Ibintu nko gukubitana n'ibintu bikukikije kenshi cyangwa gukora ikosa ugerageza gukoresha ukuboko kwawe kugira ngo ufate ikintu.
• Kuzungera: Hari igihe ushobora kumva uzungera.
• Ibibazo byo kumenya aho ibintu biherereye: Kugabanuka k'ubumenyi bw'ibintu nko aho uri n'aho ugeze ugereranyije n'ibintu bikukikije.
• Imigendere idahuje: Iyo amaguru n'amaboko bigiye, bigenda mu buryo butunguranye, nta sano bifitanye.
• Ingufu zikoreshwa ku gikorwa ziragabanuka cyangwa ziyongera: Urugero, iyo wandika, ikaramu irakanda cyane, cyangwa ikandika buhoro cyane kandi buhoro.
• Ibikorwa byo gukora ibintu bike cyangwa birenze urugero: Iyo ufashe ikintu runaka, ukuboko kwawe kuragenda mbere cyangwa nyuma yacyo.

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugira ingaruka ku muntu uwo ari we wese w’imyaka iyo ari yo yose. Ariko, uko tugenda dusaza, ingingo zacu, imitsi, imitsi n’ubwonko biracika intege mu buryo busanzwe, bigatuma ibyago byo kugira ibibazo byo kumenya neza imiterere y’umubiri birushaho kwiyongera.

Ni ibihe bintu bigira ingaruka ku kumenya ibintu uko biri (proprioception)?

Hari imvune zitandukanye, indwara, n'imimerere ishobora kugira ingaruka kuri iki gitekerezo cyo 'kwiyumvisha ibintu uko biri.' Reka turebe bimwe muri byo:

• Ubusinzi: Iyo wasinze, ntushobora kugenzura umubiri wawe, si byo? Urwo ni urundi rugero rw'ibi.
• Ataxia: Iyi ni indwara aho ingendo zidashobora guhuzwa.
• Indwara ya Autism Spectrum (ASD)
• Ibikomere cyangwa indwara ziterwa n'ingingo: Urugero, gucika intege, indwara nka rubagimpande, na syndrome yo kwihuta kw'ingingo.
• Gusimbuza ingingo (Arthroplasty): Iyo ibintu nk'ikibuno cyangwa ivi bisimbuwe.
• Gucibwamo: Iyo ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru byabuze, nko mu mpanuka.
• Indwara zo kwangirika k'ubwonko: Urugero, indwara ya sclerosis nyinshi (MS), indwara ya Parkinson, n'indwara ya Huntington.
• Indwara z'imitsi: Urugero, 'Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis' (ALS), 'Muscular Dystrophy'.
• Udukoko tw'imitsi yo mu gice cy'imbere: Kwangirika kw'imitsi yo mu gice cy'imbere.
• Indwara zo Gutunganya Ibitekerezo: Urugero, 'Dyspraxia', 'Indwara yo mu mwanya', 'Kudasobanukirwa neza ibitekerezwa' (SUR).
• Ibikomere byo mu bwonko bikomeretse (TBIs) na Stroke.
• Indwara z'imitsi yo mu magufwa:Urugero, 'Vertigo' na 'indwara ya Ménière'.

Izi ndwara zishobora gutera ibibazo byo kumenya neza imiterere y'umubiri bishobora kuba iby'igihe gito cyangwa ibya karande .

"Proprioception" ipimwa ite?

Abaganga n'abahanga mu by'imikino bakoresha ibizamini bitandukanye kugira ngo basuzume ibintu bitandukanye by'ubu bushobozi bwo 'gufata ibintu ku giti cyabo'. Reka turebe bimwe muri byo:

• Ikizamini cya Romberg: Iki ni ikizamini cyoroshye cyane cyo mu mubiri. Kirafasha kumenya niba inzira y'inyuma y'ubwonko bwawe n'umugongo wawe, bigenzura uburyo bwo kumenya neza, ikora neza. Muri iki kizamini, usabwa guhagarara hamwe amaguru yawe, amaboko yawe agakomeza ku ruhande cyangwa agakomeza ku gituza. Igice kimwe cy'ikizamini gikorwa amaso yawe afunguye, naho igice cya kabiri kigakorwa amaso yawe afunze. Muganga azakwitegereza kandi arebe niba hari ikintu cyose cyatakaye, nko kunyeganyega.
• Ikizamini kuva ku gatsinsino kugera ku kirenge / Ingendo ya tandem: Muri iki kizamini, muganga agusaba kugenda ugororotse, amaguru y'inyuma agakora ku gatsinsino k'ukuguru kwawe kw'imbere mu gihe utera intambwe imwe. Ni nko kugenda ku mugozi ukomeye.
• Ikizamini cyo kuva ku gatsinsino kugera ku gatsinsino: Muri iki kizamini, ushyira agatsinsino k'ukuguru kumwe hejuru y'agatsinsino k'ukundi kuguru, hanyuma umanukana agatsinsino werekeza ku kirenge mu murongo ugororotse.
• Ikizamini cyo gupima urutoki: Muganga azagusaba kurambura ukuboko no gukora ku rutoki rwe, hanyuma ukore ku mazuru yawe n'ukuboko/urutoki rumwe. Ushobora kubikenera inshuro nyinshi.

Abavuzi b'umubiri n'abavuzi ba siporo bashobora gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye kugira ngo bapime 'uburyo ingingo runaka zifatwa'. Bimwe muri ibyo bizamini birimo:

• 'Umuyoboro wo kumenya uko ibintu bigenda' (TTDPM)
• 'Guhuza imyanya y'amagufwa' (JPR) , izwi kandi nka 'Guhuza imyanya y'amagufwa' .
• 'Isuzuma ry'ivangura rishingiye ku mikorere y'abantu' (AMEDA)

Ese hari imyitozo ishobora kunoza uburyo umuntu afatwa n'umuntu?

Ushobora kuba uri umukinnyi ushaka kwirinda imvune cyangwa kunoza ubuhanga bumwe na bumwe. Cyangwa ushobora kuba ufite ikibazo cy’uburwayi kigira ingaruka ku buryo wumva ufite ubushobozi bwo kumenya ibintu. Kuri kimwe muri ibi, abaganga b’imitsi bashobora gutanga imyitozo yihariye kugira ngo banoze ubwo buryo.

Kumenya neza umubiri bikubiyemo imikorere myinshi y'umubiri. Mu by'ukuri, buri gifu n'ingingo byose biri mu mubiri wacu bigira uruhare muri byo. Kubwibyo, imyitozo ngororamubiri yo kunoza uburyo bwo kumenya neza umubiri ireba ingingo n'imitsi runaka. Binafasha gukomeza uburyo bwo kumva uri mu kuringaniza umubiri. Urugero, guhagarara ku kuguru kumwe (kuringaniza amaguru), cyangwa kugenda mu murongo ugororotse (nk'aho uri ku kuringaniza umubiri).

Ariko, hari ibibazo bimwe na bimwe byo kumenya neza imiterere y'umubiri bishobora kudafashwa no kuvurwa n'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Urugero, niba ufite ikibazo cy'ubwonko kidakira. Niba ibibazo byo kumenya neza imiterere y'umubiri bigira ingaruka ku mirimo yawe ya buri munsi, umuganga w'inzobere mu by'ubuzima ashobora kugufasha kubona uburyo bushya bwo gukora iyo mirimo.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Iyo dutekereje ku byumviro byacu, akenshi dutekereza ku byumviro bitanu gusa: kureba, guhumurirwa, kumva, gukorakora, no kuryoherwa, si byo se? Ariko 'kwiyumvisha ibintu' nabyo ni ingenzi cyane bituma ubuzima bworoha kandi burushaho kuryoha. Ni nk'ibyumviro byacu bya gatandatu.

Tudafite uburyo bwo kumenya neza ibintu, ntitwaba dushobora gukora ibintu byoroshye nko kwikubira amazuru cyangwa gutwara igare.

Indwara nyinshi n'imvune bishobora kugira ingaruka ku buryo bw'agateganyo cyangwa burundu kuri ubu buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kumenya neza imiterere y'umubiri. Niba ubonye impinduka mu kuringaniza kwawe cyangwa uburyo ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, menya neza ko ugiye kwa muganga kugira ngo baganire kuri ibyo. Bashobora gukora ibizamini bike byoroshye kugira ngo basuzume imiterere y'umubiri wawe. Wibuke ko uko bigaragaye vuba, ari na ko byoroha kuvura!

` Kumenya mbere y'abandi, kinesthesia, kuringaniza, kumva umubiri, ibyumviro bya gatandatu, uburyo bwo kumva imitsi, guhuza imigendere