Ese ufite amaso adasobanutse? Reka tuvuge ku makosa yo kureba inyuma y'umubiri!

Ese hari igihe bikugora kubona ibintu biri hafi cyangwa kure? Iyo usoma igitabo, inyuguti ziba zitagaragara neza? Cyangwa iyo ugenda mu muhanda, ntubone inomero iri muri bisi? Ibi ni ibibazo abantu benshi bafite. Uyu munsi, tugiye kuvuga kuri ubu busembwa bw'amaso, cyangwa nk'uko abaganga babyita, `(Amakosa yo kuvura amaso)`.

Amakosa yo gusubiza inyuma ni ayahe?

Mu magambo make, ikosa ryo kureba inyuma ni impinduka mu miterere karemano y'amaso yawe bigatuma amaso yawe atabona neza. Ibi ni byo bibazo byo kureba bikunze kugaragara ku bantu benshi.

Tekereza nawe, amaso yacu akora nk'ikipe. Iyo urumuri rwinjiye mu jisho, runyura muri buri gice kugeza rugeze mu bwonko.

1. Umucyo ubanza kunyura mu gice cy’ijisho gisobanutse, cornea .

2. Iki ni igice cy'ijisho gishyira urumuri imbere mu jisho kikarwohereza binyuze mu indorerwamo iri imbere mu jisho.

3. Uru rumuri ruhita rugwa nk'ikimenyetso ku gice cy'inyuma cy'ijisho, retina .

4. Retina ihindura uru rumuri mo ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi ikabyohereza mu bwonko binyuze mu mitsi y'amaso .

5. Amaherezo, ubwonko ni bwo bukoresha ibyo bimenyetso kugira ngo bukore amashusho tubona.

Noneho, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ikosa ryo kugarura amaso ufite, ibintu ubona ntibiba byibanze neza bitewe n'impinduka mu miterere y'ijisho ryawe, cornea, cyangwa lens. Ibi nibyo bituma kureba kwawe kugorama no kutagaragara neza.

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'iki kibazo cyo kureba. Bumwe butuma bigorana kubona ibintu hafi. Ubundi butuma ibintu biri kure bitagaragara neza. Ariko uko ikibazo ufite cyaba kiri kose, inzobere mu by'amaso irashobora kukisuzuma no kugivura. Bazasuzuma amaso yawe n'amaso yawe kandi baguhe uburyo bwo kuvura ukeneye kugira ngo wongere urebe neza.

Akenshi, ibi bibazo byo kutabona bikura uko tugenda dukura. Ibibazo byinshi bitangira kugaragara ku bana bato. Ariko, ushobora kugira ibi bibazo igihe icyo ari cyo cyose mu buzima bwawe, kabone n'iyo waba warigeze kubona neza mbere.

Shaka muganga w’amaso ukimara kubona impinduka cyangwa isura yawe irushaho kuba mbi. Nubwo waba warambaye indorerwamo cyangwa indorerwamo z’amaso, ni ngombwa ko uhora usuzuma amaso yawe.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amakosa yo gusubiza inyuma?

Hari ubwoko bune bw'ibibazo byo kutabona bisanzwe:

1. Myopia - kureba hafi ni byiza

Abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutareba hafi, cyangwa "Myopia" , ntibashobora kubona ibintu biri kure neza, ahubwo bashobora kubona ibintu biri hafi neza.Urugero, niba ufite `(Myopia)`, ushobora kutabona neza ibimenyetso by'amazina biri ku ruhande rw'umuhanda, kandi bizagaragara gusa iyo wegereye imodoka yawe cyangwa iyo biri hanze y'idirishya ryawe. Tekereza nawe, bamwe mu bana bavuga ko badashobora kubona ibyanditse ku kibaho ku ishuri, ariko bashobora gusoma neza ibyanditse mu gitabo. Ibi bishobora kuba biterwa na `(Myopia)`.

Ubusanzwe indwara ya myopia ibaho iyo ijisho ryawe ribaye rirerire cyane uhereye imbere ujya inyuma. Hari igihe indwara ya myopia ishobora no kubaho iyo cornea cyangwa lens yawe ifite ishusho igoramye cyane.

Ubusanzwe indwara ya myopia ikunze kugaragara cyane ku bana bari mu kigero cy'imyaka 10.

2. Kureba hafi (Hyperopia) - Kureba kure ni byiza

Kureba hafi, cyangwa `(Hyperopia),` bituma bigorana kubona ibintu biri hafi yawe neza. Ibi ni ibinyuranye na `(Myopia).` Niba ufite `(Hyperopia)` ushobora kubona ibintu biri kuri televiziyo mu cyumba neza, ariko ukagira ikibazo cyo gusoma inyandiko iri kwandikwa kuri mudasobwa igendanwa iri imbere yawe. Hari abantu basanga iyo bagerageje gusoma ikinyamakuru cyangwa igitabo, inyandiko iba idasobanutse neza bityo bakaba bagomba kuyizamura kugira ngo bayirebe bari kure.

Hyperopia ibaho iyo uburebure bw'ijisho ryawe bugabanutse uhereye imbere ujya inyuma. Indi mpamvu ni iyo cornea cyangwa lens yawe irambuye cyane (ni ukuvuga idafashe neza).

Abantu bafite hyperopia bakunze kuvukana na yo.

3. Presbyopia (kureba hafi) ibaho iyo umuntu ashaje

Presbyopia, cyangwa kureba hafi, ni indwara ibaho uko umuntu akura. Kimwe na hyperopia, presbyopia ituma bigoye kubona ibintu hafi. Iyi ni yo mpamvu akenshi tugomba kwambara indorerwamo zo gusoma uko tugenda dukura. Niyo mpamvu ba mama, ba se, na ba sogokuru bakoreshaga indorerwamo kugira ngo bashyire urushinge mu ruziga no gusoma ibinyamakuru.

Presbyopia ibaho iyo imboni y'ijisho igabanutse kandi idashobora kwibanda neza nkuko byari bimeze mbere. Akenshi ibaho ku bantu barengeje imyaka 40.

4. Gutitira (Astigmatism)

Astigmatisme ishobora gutera kutabona neza mu ntera iyo ari yo yose. Amaso yacu ubusanzwe aba azengurutse, sibyo? Ariko niba ufite astigmatisme, ijisho ryawe rimeze nk'umupira wa rugby, cyangwa inyuma y'ikiyiko. Ibi bituma urumuri rwinjira mu jisho ryawe rugorama kandi rugahinduka cyane. Ibi bivuze ko rishobora kwibanda ahantu henshi aho kwibanda ahantu hamwe.

Astigmatisme ishobora kubaho igihe icyo ari cyo cyose mu buzima. Hari abantu bavukana na yo. Ku bandi, ikura nyuma mu buzima.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ikosa ryo gusubira inyuma?

Indwara zose z'amaso zishobora kwangiza icyerekezo cyawe cyo kureba. Uretse kuba bigoye kubona neza, ushobora no kugira ibimenyetso nka:

• Kubona ibintu hafi, kure, cyangwa byombi mu buryo butagaragara neza.
• Kureba kabiri (`Diplopia`).
• Umutwe.
• Kuzunguza amaso. Niba uhora uzunguza amaso cyangwa ukayazunguza, ni ikimenyetso.
• Kubabara amaso.
• Kubabara amaso.

Hari igihe abana bato bashobora kutamenya ko amaso yabo arimo kunanirwa. Niba umwana wawe afite ikibazo cyo kwibanda ku kintu kimwe igihe kirekire, cyangwa amanota ye akagabanuka mu buryo butunguranye, ashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kutabona neza. Niba ubonye impinduka mu maso y'umwana wawe, mu kureba kwe, cyangwa mu myitwarire ye, gana muganga w'abana cyangwa umuganga w'amaso.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera aya makosa yo kuvura indwara?

Ibibazo byo kutabona bishobora guterwa n'impinduka mu miterere y'ijisho ryawe, imboni y'amaso, cyangwa imiterere yose y'ijisho ryawe. Ubwoko bw'ikibazo ufite buterwa n'uko ijisho ryawe rifite imiterere.

Ibi bishobora no kubaho uko ugenda usaza. Uko amaso yawe akura, ushobora kugira ibibazo bishya byo kureba bitari bihari ukiri muto.

Hari abantu bashobora kugira ibibazo byo kutabona ndetse na nyuma yo kubagwa cataract.

Ni gute wamenya amakosa yo kugarura ubukana bw'indwara?

Umuganga w'amaso asuzuma ibibazo byo kureba binyuze mu isuzuma ry'amaso . Azareba amaso yawe (harimo n'imbere). Azaguha kandi ikizamini cyo kureba neza . Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya ubwoko bw'ikibazo cyo kureba ufite n'uburyo bigira ingaruka ku kureba kwawe.

Amakosa yo kuvura indwara ya refractive avurwa ate?

Uburyo bwo kuvura ibibazo byo kutabona ni ubu:

• Indorerwamo z'amaso.
• Indorerwamo z'amaso.
• Kubaga uburyo bwo gukosora amaso - urugero, kubaga nka LASIK na Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK).

Ubusanzwe, umuganga w'amaso azakwandikira indorerwamo cyangwa indorerwamo zo mu maso mbere yo kubagwa. Ariko, ushobora kuba ugiye kubagwa ako kanya. Vugana na muganga w'amaso yawe ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bukubereye.

Ese ibyago byo kugira ikosa ryo gusubiza inyuma bishobora kugabanuka?

Mu by’ukuri, ubusanzwe nta kintu na kimwe ushobora gukora kugira ngo wirinde ko amaso yawe agira ikibazo cyo kureba. Kubera ko ibi biterwa n’imiterere y’ijisho ryawe, cornea, cyangwa lens, cyangwa impinduka muri ibi bice, nta buryo bwo gukumira ibibazo byo kureba. Kandi nta kintu na kimwe ushobora gukora kugira ngo wirinde ko umwana wawe yavuka afite ikibazo cyo kureba.

Bigenda bite iyo mgize ikosa ryo kuvura indwara ya refractive?

Nubwo waba ugomba kwambara indorerwamo cyangwa contact lenses, cyangwa ukabagwa amaso neza, kubera ko ufite ikibazo cyo kutabona neza, ntabwo bizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe.

Ingufu z'indorerwamo zawe cyangwa indorerwamo zawe zishobora guhinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita. Bamwe mu bantu babazwe uburyo bwo kubona neza bashobora gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kubona uko igihe kigenda gihita (regression) - ni ukuvuga ko ingaruka zo kubagwa zigenda zigabanuka buhoro buhoro.

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kutabona neza, uba uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara izindi ndwara zigira ingaruka ku maso. Ingero:

• Glaucoma.
• Ijisho ry'umunebwe (`Ijisho ry'umunebwe / Amblyopia`).
• Amaso yasambutse / Strabismus.
• Kutabona neza.

Ni kangahe nkwiye gusuzumwa amaso yanjye?

Mu gusuzuma amaso yawe no kureba kwawe buri gihe, inzobere mu by'amaso ishobora kumenya ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose hakiri kare. Inshuro ugomba gusuzumwa amaso yawe akenshi biterwa n'imyaka yawe:

• Abana: Umwana wawe agomba gusuzumwa amaso na muganga w’abana mu gihe cyose arimo kwiga gusoma, hanyuma buri mwaka kugeza ku myaka ibiri.
• Abantu bakuru bari munsi y'imyaka 40: Buri myaka itanu kugeza ku icumi.
• Abantu bakuru bari hagati y'imyaka 40 na 54: Buri myaka ibiri kugeza kuri ine.
• Abantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 55: Buri mwaka kugeza kuri itatu.

Niba wambaye indorerwamo, indorerwamo z’amaso, cyangwa ukeneye ubundi bufasha bwo kureba, ushobora gukenera gusuzumwa amaso kenshi. Abantu barwaye diyabete nabo bagomba gusuzumwa amaso kenshi.

Baza muganga w'amaso wawe inshuro ugomba kwipimisha amaso.

Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga wanjye?

Shaka muganga wawe cyangwa umuganga w'amaso ako kanya ubonye impinduka mu maso yawe cyangwa mu maso yawe.

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso , jya mu bitaro byihutirwa vuba:

• Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba butunguranye.
• Ububabare bukomeye bw'amaso.
• Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa ibintu birebire mu maso yawe.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ikibazo cyo kureba mfite?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indorerwamo/indorerwamo z'amaso nkeneye?
• Ese nkwiriye kubagwa amaso neza?
• Ni kangahe nkwiye kwipimisha amaso?

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Ibibazo byo kureba ni ikibazo cy’amaso gikunze kugaragara ku bantu benshi. Uko ikibazo ufite cyaba kiri kose, umuganga w’amaso ashobora kuguha uburyo bwo kugufasha kongera kubona neza. Nubwo amaso yawe yaba asa n’aho adahindutse cyane, jya kwa muganga w’amaso buri gihe. Hari igihe impinduka nto mu maso yawe cyangwa mu kureba bishobora gutuma ikibazo cyari gihari kirushaho gukomera cyangwa bigatera ikindi gishya.

Niba umwana wawe atangiye kubyimba amaso mu buryo butunguranye, kwinubira umutwe, cyangwa kubona akazi ke ko ku ishuri kagabanuka, ashobora kugira ikibazo cy'amaso atazi ko gishobora kuvurwa. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa gushaka inama kwa muganga mu bihe nk'ibi. Amaso yacu ni ay'agaciro cyane, reka tuyafate neza!

Kubona neza, ibibazo byo kureba, myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, indorerwamo, ubuzima bw'amaso