Bite se niba wagize impanuka ikomeye (Impanuka ikabije)? Reka tubiganireho birambuye!

Tekereza ko wowe cyangwa umuntu uzi wagize impanuka ikomeye. Wenda yari impanuka yo mu muhanda, kugwa uvuye hejuru, cyangwa ikintu kitunguranye rwose. Mu buvuzi, izi mvune zikomeye kandi zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga ni cyo twita "imvune iteye ubwoba." Ishobora kuba ikomeye kurusha uko ubitekereza, bityo ni ngombwa kubimenya.

Igikomere giteye inkeke ni iki?

Mu magambo make, ibi bivuga imvune iyo ari yo yose ikomeye ku mubiri . Iyi mvune ishobora gutera kuva amaraso menshi cyangwa gukomereka bikomeye mu mutwe. Imvune nk'izo zikunze kugaragara mu bihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Muri Sri Lanka, dukunze kubona impanuka mu binyamakuru no kuri televiziyo, si byo se? Imvune nk'izo zishobora kubaho mu rugo, ku kazi, mu muhanda, mu gihe utwaye imodoka, cyangwa no mu gihe ugenda n'amaguru. Imvune nyinshi muri izi ziterwa no kugwa no ku mpanuka zo mu muhanda . Ariko, imvune zikomeye zishobora no guterwa n'umuntu ukubitwa ibipfunsi, icyuma, kuraswa, cyangwa gukubitwa ikintu kiremereye. Ibi ni ibibazo byihutirwa by'ubuvuzi . Niba utekereza ko wowe cyangwa undi muntu yakomeretse bikomeye nk'ibi, ugomba guhamagara 119 ako kanya ugahamagara imbangukiragutabara . Imvune nk'iyo ishobora guhindura ubuzima. Ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwawe no ku buzima bw'abakwitaho. Bifata igihe kugira ngo ukire. Hari igihe bifata igihe kirekire kugira ngo ukire. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kwihangana , haba kuri wowe ubwawe no ku bandi bagukikije.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'imvune nk'izi?

Abaganga bashyira izi mvune ziteye impagarara mu byiciro bakurikije uko zigira ingaruka ku mubiri. Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi:

1. Imvune iterwa n'ihungabana rya Blunt force

Ubu ni bwo bwoko bw'imvune bukunze kugaragara cyane . Bubaho iyo ikintu kigukubise umubiri wawe ku ngufu. Tekereza nko kugwa uturutse hejuru, gukubitwa n'umuntu uri mu ntambara. Ibi bishobora gutuma amagufwa avunika, kuva amaraso imbere, kuva amaraso mu bikomere byimbitse, cyangwa kuribwa mu nda bikomeye.

2. Imvune ziterwa no kugabanuka gutunguranye k'umuvuduko (Deceleration traumatic injury)

Ibi bibaho iyo uri kugenda ku muvuduko mwinshi hanyuma ugahagarara mu buryo butunguranye. Urugero, niba utwaye imodoka ku muvuduko mwinshi hanyuma ukagonga ikintu gitunguranye, umutwe wawe ushobora kujya imbere ugakubita umuyoboro w'imodoka. Ibi bishobora gutuma ubwonko bwawe busubira inyuma bugasubira inyuma mu gahanga kawe, bigatera ubwonko kwangirika .

3. Gukomereka gukabije kw'umubiri

Ibi bibaho igihe ikintu gityaye cyinjira mu ruhu. Urugero, gukomeretswa n'amasasu, icyuma giteye, cyangwa ikintu gityaye kikuguyeho, cyangwa ibisasu byatewe n'iturika ry'ibisasu bishobora gutera ubu bwoko bw'imvune.

Igikomere gikomeye gikomeretsa umuntu ni iki?

Muri rusange, 'igikomere gikomeye gikomeretsa' gisobanurwa nk'ibikomere byinshi bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu bice byinshi by'umubiri wawe icyarimwe. Abaganga bakoresha uburyo busanzwe bwo kubigena. Byitwa Injury Severity Score (ISS) .

Uburemere bw'imvune bupimwa bute? (Amanota y'uburemere bw'imvune - ISS)

Ubu buryo bwa `ISS` bwemerera abaganga gufata ibyemezo kuri buri mvune mu buryo bumwe, nta kuvura buri kimwe mu buryo butandukanye. Urugero, niba ufite imvune ikabije, ubu buryo bwo gutanga amanota bukoreshwa mu gufata icyemezo cyo kugumisha mu bitaro cyangwa kukwimurira mu kigo cyihariye cya `ihungabana`. Muri ibi, abaganga bareba ibi bikurikira:

• Umubare w'ibikomere : Reba umubare w'ibikomere ufite kuri ibi bice by'umubiri wawe:
• Umutwe n'ijosi
• Isura
• Umuhogo
• Inda n'ikibuno
• Amaboko n'amaguru
• Uruhu
• Uburemere bw'imvune: Ibikomere bishobora kuba bito, biri hagati, bikomeye, bikomeye cyane, bikomeye cyane, kandi bishobora kuba byinshi cyangwa bitavurwa. Uko imvune irushaho kuba nini, ni ko amanota aba menshi. Urugero, imvune nto ihabwa amanota nk'imwe. Amanota atandatu bivuze ko imvune ikomeye cyane ku buryo nta buryo bwo kuyivura bushobora gukumira urupfu.

Dore uko amanota ya `ISS` abarwa: Abaganga bamenya ibice bitatu by'umubiri wawe byakomeretse cyane . Hanyuma, bakoresha igipimo cy'ubukana bw'ingingo esheshatu kugira ngo bafate amanota y'imvune zikomeye cyane muri ibyo bice bitatu. Hanyuma, bahuza amanota bakayateranya kugira ngo babone amanota ya `ISS`. Aya manota ashobora kuva kuri 3 kugeza kuri 75. Amanota ya `ISS` ya 15 cyangwa arenga afatwa nk'`imvune ikomeye itera ihungabana. Ibi bishobora gusa n'ibigoye, ariko bifasha abaganga gutanga ubuvuzi bwiza ku murwayi.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indwara zishobora guterwa n'ubu bwoko bw'imvune?

Ibikomere byo mu mutwe bishobora gutera indwara zitandukanye. Zimwe muri zo ni:

• Amagufwa yavunitse, imvune y'umugongo
• Ibihaha byacitsePneumothorax)
• Indwara y’ibice bimwe na bimwe by’umubiri: Ibi bibaho iyo umuvuduko uri mu ngingo z’ibice bimwe na bimwe by’umubiri wiyongereye cyane, bigatuma amaraso atembera muri zo.
• Gukata cyane
• Ihungabana ry'amashanyarazi
• Igituza gipfutse: Muri ibi, imbavu nyinshi mu gituza ziravunika zikurikiranye, bigatera guhumeka bigorana bitewe n'ingendo zidasanzwe z'icyo gice cy'igituza iyo umuntu ahumeka.
• Ibikomere byo mu mutwe: Ingero zirimo hematoma yo mu gituza , kuvunika umutwe, kuva amaraso muri subarachnoid, hematoma yo mu gituza, cyangwa imvune yo mu bwonko iterwa n’ihungabana (TBI) .
• Kuva amaraso
• Gukomeretsa umutima
• Kubabara mu bwonko bikomeye
• Guturika cyane kw'amaraso mu mubiri / Guturika cyane kw'amaraso mu mubiri: Iyi ni indwara yo guturika cyane iterwa no gutakaza amaraso menshi cyangwa amazi mu mubiri.
• Ibikomere byo mu mugongo
• Ibikomere byo mu nda bikomeretsa: Urugero, kuva amaraso imbere mu nda bishobora guterwa no kwangirika kw'ingingo nka duodenum, pancreas, cyangwa urwagashya.
• Gucika ingingo mu buryo butunguranye ni ugutakaza urugingo, urugero nk'ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru, bitewe n'impanuka.
• Gucika k'umuyoboro w'amaraso (Aorta) `(Aorta yacitse)`

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi bikomere?

Ibimenyetso biratandukanye cyane bitewe n'uburyo imvune yabayeho n'ingaruka ku mubiri . Urugero, iyo habayeho igisebe cyimbitse nyuma y'impanuka y'imodoka, ushobora kubona amaraso ava. Hari igihe igufwa ryavunitse rishobora kugaragara mu ruhu (gucikamo ibice) . Mu ndwara yitwa "flail chest" (igituza), igituza kirababara iyo uhumeka kandi bikagorana guhumeka. Iyo ukomeretse ku mutwe, ushobora gutakaza ubwenge, kuruka, cyangwa kunanirwa kuvuga.

Ni gute wakira imvune nk'izi?

Hari intambwe nyinshi z'ibanze zo kuvura. Rimwe na rimwe zitwa uburyo bwa ABCDE . Intambwe ni izi:

• A - Inzira y'umwuka: Ubwa mbere, abaganga bazasuzuma niba hari ikintu kikubuza inzira y'ubuhumekero (inzira y'ubuhumekero) cyangwa niba hari impamvu ituma udashobora guhumeka .
• B - Guhumeka:Hanyuma, bazasuzuma niba uhumeka neza, niba ufite igihaha cyacitse (pneumothorax), kandi niba umuyoboro wawe w'amaraso uri mu mwanya wawo.
• C - Kuzenguruka kw'amaraso: Iyo hari ibikomere birimo kuva amaraso hanze, bihita bivurwa. Banasuzuma niba hari amaraso yo mu mutima n'ibimenyetso by'ihungabana.
• D - Ubumuga (indwara y’imitsi): Hanyuma, bapima kugira ngo barebe niba hari ikibazo kiri mu mitsi cyangwa niba hari icyangiritse ku ruti rw’umugongo.
• E - Guhura n'ibintu (Isuzuma ryuzuye): Amaherezo, imyenda yawe yose irakurwaho kandi buri gace k'umubiri wawe karasuzumwa neza, hagashakwa ibindi bikomere kandi hakarebwa neza ko nta kintu na kimwe kibura .

Abaganga ni bo babanza kuvura imvune zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Akenshi, ibyo bivuze ko umuganga ubaga ihungabana abaga byihutirwa kugira ngo avure imvune cyangwa indwara zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.

Uburyo uvurwa buzaterwa n'imvune wagize. Umuganga wawe uvura ihungabana ashobora kandi gusaba ubufasha bw'abandi bahanga mu bijyanye n'ihungabana. Urugero:

• Iyo imiyoboro y'amaraso yakomeretse, abaganga b'inzobere mu kubaga imiyoboro y'amaraso bazahamagarwa .
• Iyo amagufwa yakomeretse, abaganga b’inzobere mu kubaga amagufwa (abaganga b’inzobere mu kuvura indwara z’amagufwa) bazasuzumwa .
• Iyo habayeho imvune mu bwonko , hazahamagarwa abaganga b’inzobere mu kuvura ubwonko .

Uzakenera gukomeza kuvurwa mu gihe cyose ukize. Urugero:

• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri: Kugarura imikorere y'umubiri.
• Ubuvuzi bw'akazi: Itoze gukora imirimo ya buri munsi wenyine.
• Ubufasha ku buzima bwo mu mutwe: Biragoye kwihanganira impanuka ikomeye nk'iyi. Ni ngombwa kubona ubufasha ku bibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe nk'ihungabana , guhangayika, n'indwara yo guhangayika nyuma y'ihungabana (PTSD) .

Ese impanuka nk'izi ntizishobora kwirindwa?

Birumvikana ko atari imvune zose zishobora kwirindwa. Ariko hari ibintu dushobora gukora kugira ngo tugabanye ibyago byacu. Urugero, impanuka zo mu muhanda ni zo zitera izi mvune. Bityo rero, mu gihe cyose wambaye umukandara kandi ntutware imodoka wanyoye inzoga cyangwa ibiyobyabwenge (ndetse rimwe na rimwe n'imiti yanditswe na muganga), ushobora kugabanya ibyago byo gukomereka mu mpanuka. Utuntu duto nko kwitonda mu muhanda no gutekereza ku mutekano mu gihe ukora imirimo yo mu rugo bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye.

Amaherezo, ibintu ugomba kwibuka

Igikomere gikomeretse gishobora kubaho ako kanya. Ariko, bishobora gufata amezi, ndetse n'imyaka, ubuvuzi n'ubufasha bikomeje kugira ngo bikire. Uretse ubuvuzi bwihuse, nko kubagwa byihutirwa, ubundi buvuzi cyangwa ubundi buvuzi bushobora gukenerwa nyuma.

Iyo habayeho ikintu nk'iki, nubwo ibikomere byo ku mubiri bikira, inkovu zo mu marangamutima bifata igihe kugira ngo zikire, kandi zishobora kumara ubuzima bwose. Niba uhanganye n'ingaruka z'igikomere gikomeye nk'icyo, cyangwa niba wumva kikuremereye, nyamuneka shaka ubufasha kwa muganga cyangwa umujyanama mu by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe . Ntabwo uri wenyine, kandi ntuzigere ugira isoni zo gusaba ubufasha.

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` Inkomere, impanuka, ubuvuzi bwihutirwa, ubutabazi bw'ibanze, kubaga, ubuzima, umutekano