Ese uzi indwara ya ALS? (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) - Reka tubiganireho birambuye

Ese uhita wumva imitsi ihindagura ukuboko, ukuguru, cyangwa urutugu? Cyangwa wumva amagambo yawe asa n'aho ahindagurika iyo uvuga, cyangwa amaguru yawe adafite imbaraga? Nubwo dutekereza ko ibi ari ibintu bisanzwe, rimwe na rimwe ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya mbere by'indwara ikomeye ifitanye isano n'imitsi, nka ALS ( Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ) . Ntugatinye iyo wumvise iri zina. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri iyi ndwara yitwa ALS, kimwe no kuvugana n'inshuti yawe.

Mu magambo make, ALS ni iki?

Tekereza nawe, umubiri wacu umeze nk'imashini igoye. Ubwonko bwacu bwohereza ubutumwa ku bice by'iyi mashini kugira ngo bukore. Hari ubwoko bwihariye bw'uturemangingo tw'imitsi dutwara ubwo butumwa ku mitsi. Utu turemangingo tw'imitsi . Iyo ugenda, urya, uvuga, uhumeka, ibi byose bigenzurwa n'ubutumwa buturuka kuri izi mashini.

Muri ALS, ku mpamvu runaka, izi neurons zigenda zicika intege buhoro buhoro, zigacika intege, hanyuma zigapfa. Hanyuma, nubwo ubwonko bubishaka, ntibuba bugifite uburyo bwo kohereza ubutumwa ku mitsi. Iyo ubutumwa butakiriwe, imitsi igenda igabanuka buhoro buhoro ikagabanuka. Ibi tubyita atrophy .

ALS ni indwara ikomeza kwiyongera, bivuze ko ibimenyetso bigenda birushaho kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ibi bivuze ko ibintu nko kugenda, kuvuga, kurya no guhumeka bigenda bigorana uko imitsi igenda icika intege.

Nubwo ibyangiritse biterwa n'iyi ndwara bidashobora gusubizwa inyuma, imiti itandukanye n'uburyo bwo kuvura bishobora koroshya ubuzima bwa buri munsi no kugenzura umuvuduko w'indwara.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa ALS.

ALS ishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri by'ingenzi:

1. ALS isanzwe: Iyi ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane. Hafi 95% by'abarwayi ba ALS bafite ubwo bwoko. "Sporadic" bivuze ko ibaho ku buryo butunguranye, nta mpamvu igaragara.

2. ALS yo mu muryango (FALS): Iyi ni ubwoko bw'umurage. Hagati ya 5% na 10% by'abarwayi ba ALS bafite ubwo bwoko. Aha, iyi ndwara iterwa n'ubusembwa bw'uturemangingo (mutation ya gene) kandi iyo gene ifite ubusembwa ihererekanywa n'ababyeyi ku bana.

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Ni iki gitera ALS mu by'ukuri?

Mu by’ukuri, abashakashatsi baracyagerageza kumenya impamvu nyayo ya ALS. Ariko hari ibintu bike bike bivugwa ko bishobora kuyitera:

• Impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo: Biterwa n'impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo zimwe na zimweByaragaragaye ko uturemangingo tw’imitsi dushobora kwangirika.
• Kutageranya kwa Glutamate: Glutamate ni shimi (neurotransmitter) yohereza ubutumwa hagati y'ubwonko n'imitsi. Bikekwa ko iyi glutamate ikora hirya no hino ku tunyangingo tw'imitsi y'abarwayi ba ALS kandi ishobora kwangiza imitsi.
• Ibibazo by'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Hari igihe ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wacu bushobora kwibasira no gusenya uturemangingo tw'imitsi dufite ubuzima bwiza.
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso : Bimwe mu bintu bibi bikomoka ku mikorere y'uturemangingo (radicals libre) bibaho iyo uturemangingo twacu dutanga ingufu bishobora kwangiza uturemangingo tw'imitsi.
• Ibintu bifitanye isano n’ibidukikije: Ubushakashatsi burimo gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba kwandura imiti cyangwa udukoko bimwe na bimwe bishobora kuba impamvu.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya ALS?

Ibimenyetso bya ALS bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu, ariko muri rusange, ikimenyetso nyamukuru ni ukubura ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imitsi uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Indwara ya ALS ipimwa ite?

Gusuzuma indwara ya ALS bishobora kugorana gato, kuko ibimenyetso bishobora gusa n'iby'izindi ndwara. Kubwibyo, umuganga azakora ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo arebe neza ko nta zindi ndwara.

Igikuru ni ukubonana na muganga vuba niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, cyane cyane inzobere mu ndwara zo mu bwonko.

Ese ALS na MS ni ibintu bibiri bitandukanye?

Abantu benshi bitiranya ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) na MS (Multiple Sclerosis). Nubwo byombi bigira ingaruka ku mitsi, ni indwara ebyiri zitandukanye.

• MS (Multiple Sclerosis) ni indwara iterwa n’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri igabanya uturemangingo tw’umubiri (myelin) dukikije uturemangingo tw’imitsi.
• Muri ALS , uturemangingo tw’umubiri duhita twangirika.

Kuvura no kuvura indwara ya ALS

Kugeza ubu nta muti uhari wa ALS. Ariko, hari imiti myinshi ishobora gufasha kugabanya ikwirakwira ry'iyi ndwara, kongera igihe cyo kubaho, no koroshya ubuzima bwa buri munsi. Urugero, Riluzole na Edaravone byemewe kuri iyi mpamvu. Muganga wawe azaguha uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Byongeye kandi, hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura ibimenyetso.

• Umuti uvura ibintu nko kubyimba inda, ububabare, impatwe, n'umunaniro.
• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri: Bufasha imitsi gukomeza gukomera no kugenda mu buryo bushoboka igihe kirekire gishoboka.
• Ubuvuzi bw'akazi: Bukwigisha ibikoresho n'ubuhanga bigufasha gukora imirimo ya buri munsi mu buryo bworoshye.
• Ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga: Bufasha mu bibazo byo kuvuga no kumira.
• Ubuvuzi bwo guhumeka: Butanga ubufasha iyo habayeho ingorane zo guhumeka.

Ibintu ugomba kumenya mu gihe ubana n'indwara ya ALS

Gusuzuma indwara ya ALS ni ikibazo gihindura ubuzima. Ariko hari uburyo bwo kubaho neza ukurikije iyo ndwara.

• Emera kumva amarangamutima yawe: Ni ibisanzwe kumva ubabaye, urakaye, cyangwa ufite ubwoba. Ntugapfuke ibyo byiyumvo, vugana n'umuntu wizeye.
• Menya neza: Menya uko indwara yawe imeze. Baza muganga wawe ibibazo.
• Jya mu matsinda y'abaterankunga: Kuganira n'abandi babana n'iyi ndwara nkawe ni isoko ikomeye y'imbaraga zo mu mutwe.
• Hitamo impinduka mu rugo: Uko indwara ikomeza kwiyongera, kugenda bishobora kugorana. Rero, tekereza ku bintu nko gukuraho tapi zinyerera, gushyiramo utubati two gufata mu bwiherero, no guhindura inzugi kugira ngo byorohereze intebe y'abamugaye.
• Fasha abakurera: Ni umutwaro ukomeye ku muryango wawe n'inshuti zawe bagufasha muri uru rugendo. Bafashe kuruhuka no kwita ku buzima bwabo bwo mu mutwe.