Ese wabonye umwana wawe avuga mu mazuru afite ijwi rituje kandi ridafite icyo rivuze? Wenda wumva ijwi rito ry'umwuka usohoka iyo avuga inyajwi nka “p,” “b,” cyangwa “t”? Nubwo ababyeyi benshi batemera ko ibi ari ibintu bisanzwe, rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugaragaza ikibazo cy'uburwayi runaka. Ntugahangayike—muri Nirogi Lanka, turi hano kugira ngo tugufashe gusobanukirwa ibishobora kuba birimo kuba.
Mu magambo yoroshye, Velopharyngeal Insufficiency ( VPI ) ni iki?
Izina risa n'aho rigoye, ariko igitekerezo kirasobanutse neza. Reka tubisobanure neza.
Tekereza ku muhogo wawe nk'ufite urugi ruto hagati y'akanwa kawe (umunwa) n'izuru (izuru). Ibi tubyita 'velopharyngeal sphincter'. Mu by'ukuri ni impeta ikozwe mu mitsi . Iyo tuvuga cyangwa tumira, uru rugi rurafunga neza kugira ngo wirinde ko umwuka usohoka mu mazuru. Urugero, iyo uvuze "papa," umwuka urushaho kwiyongera mu kanwa kawe; kubera ko urwo rugi rufunze, nta mwuka usohoka mu mazuru yawe.
Kunanirwa gusohora umwuka ( VPI ) bibaho iyo uru rugi, cyangwa sphincter, rudafunze neza, bigasiga icyuho. Ingaruka zabyo ni uko umwuka usohoka mu mazuru mu gihe cyo kuvuga, bigatuma ijwi ryumvikana nk'iry'izuru. Mu bihe bikomeye cyane, amazi ashobora no kuva mu mazuru mu gihe cyo kunywa.
Mu magambo make, VPI bivuze ko umugozi uri hagati y'umunwa n'izuru udafunga neza, bigatuma umwuka usohoka mu mazuru mu gihe uvuga.
Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye kurusha abandi?
Nubwo VPI ishobora kugira ingaruka ku muntu uwo ari we wese, ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bana bitewe n'ibintu byinshi:
- Ibibazo by’ivuka: Hari abana bavukana imiterere itandukanye mu kanwa, urugero nk’akanwa kacitse . Abandi bashobora kugira akanwa koroshye kaba kagufi kurusha uko bisanzwe.
- Tonsils na Adenoids byagutse: Iyo izi gland zibaye nyinshi, zishobora kubuza `sphincter` gufunga neza.
- Indwara z’uturemangingo: Indwara nka Down syndrome cyangwa neurofibromatosis zikunze kujyana na VPI.
- Intege nke z'imitsi: Indwara z'imitsi nka cerebral palsy zishobora gutuma imitsi yo mu kanwa icika intege, bigatuma igenda.
- Ingaruka zo mu gihe cyo kubagwa:
- Gukuraho adenoide (gukuraho adenoide).
- Gukuraho tonsils (gukuraho tonsils).
- Kubaga bijyanye no kwitsamura nka UPPP (uvulopalatopharyngoplasty).
- Izindi mpamvu: Ibibyimba mu kanwa cyangwa ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire ku kanseri yo mu muhogo cyangwa mu mazuru.
Ni gake cyane, abacuranzi bacuranga ibicurangisho by'umuringa cyangwa ibyuma bikoreshwa mu muyaga bashobora kugira ubwoko bw'agateganyo bwa "stress VPI" bitewe n'umuvuduko ukabije ushyirwa ku mitsi yo mu muhogo.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya VPI?
Niba ukeka ko umwana wawe afite VPI, komeza witondere ibi bimenyetso by'uburwayi.
| Ibimenyetso | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Imvugo yo mu mazuru | Ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi: ijwi ryumvikana nk'aho umuntu afite ibicurane bidashira cyangwa kubyimba. |
| Ingorane ku nyuguti zihariye z'amajwi | Inyuguti zisaba igitutu (p, b, t, d, k, g) zirafunze kubera ko umwuka uva mu mazuru. |
| Ibyuka by'umwuka wo mu mazuru byumvikana | Ushobora kumva amajwi avuza induru, avuza ubuhuha, cyangwa avuza ubuhuha aturutse mu mazuru mu gihe cyo kuvuga. |
| Gusubira mu rugo | Mu bihe bikomeye, ibinyobwa cyangwa ibiryo bishobora kwinjira mu mazuru mugihe unywa cyangwa urya. |
Ni gute VPI igira ingaruka ku buryo imvugo isobanutse neza?
Iyo umuntu ufite VPI avuga, ushobora kubona:
- Hagati mu nteruro havugururwa amagambo asa n'aya staccato .
- Ijwi rituje .
- Amajwi yumvikana 'avuza induru,' 'avuza induru,' cyangwa 'avuza induru' aturuka mu mazuru.
- Kumva neza ko ijwi rituruka mu mazuru aho kuba mu kanwa.
VPI ipimwa ite?
Ubonye ibi bimenyetso, intambwe nziza ni ukugana inzobere mu by’indwara zo mu matwi, izuru n’imihogo. Bashobora kukugira inama yo gusuzuma ibi bikurikira:
1. Isuzuma ry'umubiri: Muganga azasuzuma akanwa kugira ngo arebe niba hari ikibazo kigaragara mu miterere y'umubiri.
2. Isesengura ry'Imvugo: Inzobere izatega amatwi imvugo y'umwana wawe kugira ngo imenye imiterere ya VPI iranga.
3. Nasoendoscopy: Umuyoboro muto woroshye ufite kamera n'urumuri binyuzwa mu mazuru kugira ngo muganga abashe kubona neza sphincter mu gihe nyacyo kugira ngo arebe uko igenda mu gihe cyo kuvuga.
4. Videwo fluoroscopy: Inyigo yihariye ya X-ray aho umwana wawe amira amazi adafite ingaruka mbi (barium). Ibi bituma muganga areba videwo yerekana uko umunwa n'umuhogo bigenda mu gihe avuga kandi amira.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura VPI?
Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mwarafashwe na VPI, nyamuneka menya neza ko nta mpamvu yo guhangayika. Hari uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Ubu buryo muri rusange buri mu byiciro bibiri by'ingenzi.
1. Ubuvuzi bwo mu Mitwe
Iki ni igice cy'ingenzi mu nzira yo gukira. Umuganga w’inzobere mu kuvura indwara zo mu kanwa azakorana nawe cyangwa n'umwana wawe kugira ngo anonosore imiterere y'imivugire no kugabanya ubwiza bw'ijwi mu mazuru. Akenshi, ubuvuzi bwo kuvura indwara zo mu kanwa burakenewe mbere na nyuma yo kubagwa, kuko umwana azakenera kwiga uburyo bwo gutanga amajwi neza igihe imiterere y'akanwa ibaye ivuguruye.
2. Kubagwa
Kenshi na kenshi, kubagwa bitanga igisubizo cyiza cyane kuri VPI. Intego nyamukuru y'iki gikorwa ni ukugabanya icyuho kiri hagati y'izuru n'umuhogo, mu gihe ugenzura ko inzira y'ubuhumekero iguma isobanutse kugira ngo umuntu ahumeke neza. Bitewe n'uburwayi bw'umwana wawe, umuganga wawe ashobora guhitamo uburyo butandukanye:
- Guhindura imiterere y'akanwa koroshye kugira ngo kunoze imikorere yako.
- Kongera urukuta rw'inyuma rw'umuhogo kugira ngo ugabanye intera igera ku kanwa.
- Kurekura cyangwa kuvugurura imitsi y'akanwa koroshye.
- Gukora 'ikibando cyo mu muhogo' hakoreshejwe ingirangingo zo inyuma y'umuhogo kugira ngo uzibe icyuho, ibyo bikaba bifunga umwanya cyane.
Ku bantu batari abakandida bo kubagwa cyangwa abashaka ubundi buryo, hashobora gukoreshwa 'prosthetique yo mu kanwa' (imeze nk'icyuma gikingira amenyo). Iki gikoresho gifasha gusunika akanwa hejuru kugira ngo kizibe icyuho, nubwo kugikoresha igihe kirekire rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugorana.
Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa no kubagwa?
Nkuko bigenda mu kubaga kose, hari ingaruka nto zijyanye no kubagwa VPI, nubwo ingorane zidakunze kugaragara.
- Imvugo y'ubuhumekero: Ibi bibaho iyo ijwi ry'izuru rigabanutse cyane nyuma yo kubagwa, bigatuma ijwi risa n'aho umuntu afite ibicurane bidashira.
- Kugorwa no guhumeka unyuze mu mazuru.
- Kugona cyangwa kubura umwuka wo gusinzira.
- Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ubwiza bw'izuru bushobora kudakira neza, cyangwa hagakenerwa ubundi buryo bwo kubaga.
Muganga wawe azaganira nawe ku buryo burambuye kuri ibi bintu mu gihe cyo kukubona mbere yo kubagwa.
Kubagwa kwa VPI bifite igipimo cya 85%, bivuze ko umubare munini w'abana babona iterambere rigaragara. Ariko, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ibimenyetso bisigaye bishobora gukomeza, cyangwa hagakenerwa ubundi buryo bwo gukora kugira ngo umusaruro wifuzwa ugere ku musaruro wifuzwa.
Nkwiye gukora iki niba umwana wanjye afite iyi ndwara?
Intambwe y'ingenzi ni ukugana inzobere vuba bishoboka. Niba ubonye imiterere cyangwa ingeso zidasanzwe zo kuvuga—cyane cyane niba ijwi rihora rigaragara mu mazuru—nyamuneka ntukirengagize ibyo bimenyetso.
Gufata ingamba hakiri kare bitanga umusaruro mwiza. Gutinda kuvurwa bishobora gutuma umwana agira ingeso mbi zo kuvuga, ibyo bikaba bigoye kubikosora uko agenda akura.
Nta buryo bwihariye bwo kwirinda VPI, kuko akenshi iba ivukanwa cyangwa ifitanye isano n'izindi ndwara zisanzwe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Kunanirwa k'umutima (VPI) bibaho iyo imitsi iri hagati y'umunwa n'umuhogo idafunze neza, bigatuma umwuka usohoka mu mazuru mu gihe cyo kuvuga.
- Ikimenyetso cy'ibanze ni ijwi 'ry'izuru'. Ushobora kandi kubona ingorane mu kuvuga inyajwi nka 'p', 'b', na 't'.
- Impamvu zishobora kuba zirimo kubura amenyo, adenoids nini, cyangwa ingorane zakurikiyeho nyuma yo kubagwa mbere.
- Ubonye izi mpinduka mu mivugire y'umwana wawe, nyamuneka gisha inama muganga ako kanya.
- Nirogi Lanka ikwibutsa ko uburyo bwo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe no kubaga bigira akamaro cyane. Gushaka inama z'abahanga vuba vuba bituma umwana wawe abona umusaruro mwiza.
Kunanirwa kwa Velopharyngeal, VPI, kuvuga mu mazuru, ijwi ry'izuru, kuvuga mu mazuru menshi, kuvura indwara zo mu kanwa, kuvura indwara zo kuvuga mu bana, indwara zo mu mazuru, Nirogi Lanka
