Ubuvuzi bw'uturemangingo tw'umugongo: Igitangaza gikurikiraho mu buvuzi?

Ugomba kuba wumva ijambo ' Stem Cell ' ubu igihe cyose, sibyo? Bamwe bavuga ko uyu ari wo muti ugezweho w'igitangaza ku ndwara nyinshi. Hari igihe bivugwa mu binyamakuru no kuri televiziyo. None se ubu buryo bwo kuvura uturemangingo tw'inyuma ni iki? Ese ubu burimo gukoreshwa ku bantu? Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye kandi busobanutse.

Mu magambo make, uturemangingo fatizo ni iki?

Tekereza ku turemangingo nk'uturemangingo 'tunini' mu mibiri yacu. Kimwe n'umuyobozi ushinzwe akazi mbere y'uko akazi gatangwa. Utu turemangingo dufite ubushobozi butangaje bwo kuba ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw'uturemangingo mu mubiri (urugero, uturemangingo tw'imitsi y'umutima, uturemangingo tw'imitsi yo mu bwonko, uturemangingo tw'uruhu , uturemangingo tw'umwijima). Kubera ubwo bushobozi, abahanga mu bya siyansi bizera ko dushobora gukoreshwa mu gusana ingingo zangiritse cyangwa gukora uturemangingo dushya two gusimbuza uturemangingo twangijwe n'indwara.

Kuri ubu hari igeragezwa ryinshi rinini rikorerwa hirya no hino ku isi kuri iyi ngingo. Ariko icy'ingenzi cyane cyo kwibuka ni uko ubushakashatsi bwinshi bukiri mu ntangiriro . Ni ukuvuga ko mbere yo kubona uburyo ubuvuzi bufite akamaro, tugomba kubanza kumenya niba nta kibazo butanga ku bantu . Kuko mu buvuzi, umutekano ni wo uza imbere.

Ni ibihe bice by'ingenzi by'ubushakashatsi ku turemangingo tw'umubiri?

Muri iki gihe, hari kwibandwaho cyane ku bushakashatsi ku ndwara 11 zikomeye ziterwa n’uturemangingo tw’umubiri. Reka turebere hamwe buri kimwe muri byo mu buryo burambuye.

1. Indwara z'umutima

Intego ebyiri z'ingenzi ni ugusana ingingo z'umutima zangiritse bitewe n'indwara y'umutima no gukura imiyoboro mishya y'amaraso . Mu bushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe, umwongo w'igufwa ry'umurwayiIyo uturemangingo twakuwe mu musemburo w'amagufwa dushyizwe mu mutima, tuba twagaragaje ibimenyetso byo gukira inkovu ziterwa n'indwara z'umutima . Byongeye kandi, hari abantu babonye iterambere mu mikorere y'umutima. Ariko ni ngombwa kwibuka ko ubu ari ubushakashatsi bw'ibanze .

2. Indwara z'amaso

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu Bwongereza bwagaragaje ko gutera ubwoko bwihariye bw'uturemangingo twakuwe mu nkengero z'inyuma za cornea (limbal stem cells) bishobora gusubiza amaso ku bantu bahumye kubera indwara za retina. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ubushakashatsi bwakoreshejwe mu gukoresha uturemangingo twakuwe mu ntanga z'abantu (embryonic stem cells) ku ndwara nko kwangirika kwa macular nabwo bwagaragaje ko bwagize icyo bugeraho mbere.

3. Diyabete (Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1)

Muri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri busenya uturemangingo twa beta dukora insuline mu ipanjisi. Rero niba utwo turemangingo twa beta dushobora kuvugururwa hakoreshejwe uturemangingo twa stem, bishobora gutuma abantu badahabwa inshinge za insuline buri munsi. Mu bushakashatsi bujyanye n'ubwo, abarwayi 15 bakiri bato ba diyabete bashoboye kumara imyaka 1.5 badakoresha insuline bakoresheje uturemangingo twa stem tw'abarwayi. Ariko kubera ko ubu ari ubushakashatsi buto cyane , nta mwanzuro ukomeye ushobora gufatwa.

4. Gutera stroke (stroke)

Kurema ni urupfu rw'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko bitewe n'uko amaraso adatembera neza mu bwonko . Rero, hari gukorwa ubushakashatsi niba uturemangingo tw'umubiri dushobora gukoreshwa mu gusana utwo turemangingo tw'ubwonko twangiritse. Mu bushakashatsi bwakorewe muri Ecosse, uturemangingo tw'imitsi y'umwana uri mu nda (`uturemangingo tw'imitsi y'umwana uri mu nda`) twatewe mu bwonko bw'abarwayi bafite ubumuga. Aha hibanzwe cyane ku mutekano . Muri urwo rwego, ubuvuzi bwagaragaye ko bufite umutekano. Ariko, ntibirashoboka kumenya urugero ibimenyetso byagabanutseho.

5. Gukomereka k'umugongo

Hari inyungu nyinshi mu kuvura abantu bafite imvune zo mu mugongo zatumye bacika intege bakoresheje uturemangingo tw’umubiri. Nubwo ubushakashatsi ku kugarura uturemangingo tw’umubiri twakuwe mu maraso y’abarwayi bwagaragaje intambwe imwe, nta ntambwe irambye kandi irambye iraboneka .

6. Indwara ya Parkinson na Alzheimer

Hari ubushakashatsi buto cyane buri gukorwa ku ndwara ya Parkinson, ariko haracyari kare cyane kuvuga ku bisubizo byayo. Ku bijyanye n'indwara ya Alzheimer, igeragezwa ku bantu ntiriratangira.

7. Sclerosis nyinshi (MS)

Iyi ni indwara iterwa n’imikorere mibi y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri. Icyakorwa hano ni uguhagarika burundu ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bw’umurwayi hakoreshejwe imiti, hanyuma hagasubizwamo uturemangingo twakuwe mu musokoro w’umurwayi mu mubiri, bigatuma habaho ubudahangarwa bushya 'buzima'. Nubwo ibi byagaragaje ko byagize icyo bigeraho, guhagarika burundu ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri ni akaga gakomeye , bityo hagomba kubanza gutekerezwaho byinshi mbere yo gutanga ubu buvuzi.

8. Kanseri

Kimwe mu bice bikoreshwa neza mu kuvura uturemangingo tw’umubiri nk’ubuvuzi busanzwe mu buvuzi ni kanseri y’amaraso nka kanseri y’amaraso. Uburyo bwo "gutera umwongo w’amagufwa" twese twumvise, mu by’ukuri ni ugutera uturemangingo tw’umubiri.

Byongeye kandi, uturemangingo tw’inyuma turimo gukoreshwa mu kuvura ubwoko bukomeye bwa kanseri yo mu bwonko yitwa `Glioblastoma`. Aha, uturemangingo tw’inyuma twahinduwe mu buryo bw’uturemangingo dukoreshwa mu kujya mu turemangingo twa kanseri no gukora umuti urwanya kanseri. Uyu na wo uracyari mu cyiciro cy’ubushakashatsi.

9. Gusana cartilage

Uturemangingo tw’inyuma turimo gupimwa kugira ngo harebwe niba dushobora gukoreshwa mu gusana ingirangingo zashaje mu ngingo nk'ivi n'akaguru. Uturemangingo tw’inyuma twakuwe mu musokoro w'umurwayi bwite tuvangwa na gel hanyuma tugashyirwa mu gace kangiritse. Ariko ibisubizo byaravanzwe. Hari igihe ingirangingo nshya ikora iba idakomeye nkuko bikwiye, ibyo bikaba byarateye ikibazo.

Uturemangingo, Uturemangingo, Igeragezwa ry'Ubuvuzi, Indwara z'Umutima, Diyabete, Kanseri, Stroke, Parkinson, Alzheimer, Ubushakashatsi mu by'Ubuvuzi