Ni cyo kigufasha kumva no kubungabunga uburimbane bwawe: Imitsi ya Vestibulocochlear mu magambo yoroheje!

Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku gice cy'umubiri wacu gitangaje kandi cy'ingenzi cyane. Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo wumva amajwi, cyangwa uburyo ukomeza kuringaniza no kuguma uhagaze neza udaguye? Hari umuntu ufasha muri ibi byose, umwe utwara ubutumwa buva mu gutwi kwacu akabujyana mu bwonko. Uyu mutsi witwa vestibulocochlear nerve . Nubwo izina rishobora gusa nkaho ari rirerure, akazi kawo ni gakomeye cyane. Reka tumenye byinshi kuri byo mu buryo bworoshye.

Iyi mitsi ya vestibulocochlear ni iki?

Mu magambo make, imitsi yawe ya vestibulocochlear ni imiterere igizwe n'ibice bibiri. Akazi kayo k'ingenzi ni ugutwara amakuru y'ibyumviro uhereye mu gutwi kwawe imbere ukayajyana mu bwonko bwawe. Imitsi imeze nk'insinga nto mu ngo zacu. Izi nsinga zitwara amakuru, nk'ubutumwa bw'amashanyarazi, uhereye ku byumviro by'umubiri wacu ukayajyana mu bwonko. Ubwonko bushobora gukoresha ayo makuru kugira ngo buhuze neza imikorere y'umubiri wacu.

Imitsi yawe ya vestibulocochlear itwara amakuru aturutse mu ngingo ebyiri ziri mu gutwi kwawe kw'imbere. Kimwe ni urugingo rugufasha kumva amajwi , ikindi ni urugingo rugufasha kugumana "uburyo umubiri wawe uhagaze neza."

Umutsi wa vestibulocochlear ni umwe mu mitsi cumi n'ibiri yo mu mutwe wacu. Iyi mitsi yo mu mutwe idufasha guhumurirwa, kuryoherwa, gukorakora no kugaragaza isura. Umutsi wa vestibulocochlear ni uwa munani muri iyi mitsi cumi n'ibiri yo mu mutwe (umutsi wa cranial VIII cyangwa CN VIII) . Ugira uruhare runini mu kumva no kuringaniza. Rimwe na rimwe witwa umutsi wa vestibulare wo kumva.

None se akazi k'ingenzi k'uyu mutsi ni akahe?

Izina "vestibulocochlear" ubwaryo ritanga ishusho ku bice bibiri by'uyu mutsi n'imikorere yawo. Biroroshye cyane, reba gusa:

• Imitsi yo mu bwonko: Iki ni igice cya "vestibulo". Gitwara amakuru ava mu ngingo z'umubiri wawe kugeza ku bwonko bwawe. Izi ngingo zo mu bwonko ni zo zimenya amakuru yerekeye aho umutwe wawe uhagaze n'uko umutwe wawe ugenda. Ubwonko bwawe bukoresha aya makuru kugira ngo bugufashe kugumana uburimbane bwawe. Tekereza nawe, iyi sisitemu igufasha kwirinda kugwa iyo ugenda, wiruka, cyangwa uzunguza umutwe.

• Udutsi two mu bwoko bwa Cochlear: Iki ni igice cy'izina rya "cochlear". Gitwara amakuru y'amajwi ava mu gice cy'imbere cy'ugutwi kwawe, gisa n'ikinyamushongo, akayajyana mu bwonko bwawe. Ubwonko bwawe bukoresha aya makuru kugira ngo bugufashe kumenya no kumva amajwi.

Iyi mitsi yombi ihurira hamwe igakora umutsi umwe witwa `CN VIII`. Ariko, ndetse na nyuma yo kwihuza, buri umwe ukora akazi kawo kadasanzwe - ni ukuvuga gutwara ubutumwa bujyanye no kuringaniza no gutwara ubutumwa bujyanye no kumva.

Ese ushobora gusobanura gato uburyo umutsi wa vestibular ukora?

Uturemangingo twa vestibular dutwara amakuru ava mu ngingo z'umubiri w'inyuma ujya mu bwonko bwawe. Ingingo zawe za vestibular ni ingingo ebyiri za otolith (zitwa kandi utricles na saccule) n'imiyoboro itatu y'uruziga. Izi ngingo zose uko ari eshanu zuzuyemo amazi kandi zirimo uturemangingo tw'ibyumviro. Iyo ugiye mu mutwe wawe, aya mazi n'uturemangingo biragenda.

Dore uko umutsi wa vestibular ukora:

1. Ikimenyetso kiratangira: Iyo uzungurutse umutwe wawe, amazi ari mu ngingo z'umubiri zikora akazi kawo. Hanyuma uturemangingo tw'ibyumviro turimo turagenda. Uku kugenda kurema ikimenyetso cyerekana aho umubiri wawe uhagaze n'uko ugenda.

2. Uturemangingo tw’imitsi (neurons) dutwara ikimenyetso: Utu turemangingo tw’imitsi dutwara ikimenyetso ku mutsi wa vestibulare. Ubu butumwa bujya ahantu hitwa vestibulare nuclei complex mu gice cy’ubwonko. Ubu bwoko bufite nuclei enye. Buri turemangingo tw’ubwonko twohereza ibimenyetso mu bice bitandukanye by’umubiri, kugira ngo ubashe kugumana uburinganire.

3. Uburyo ubwonko bukora buringaniye amakuru: Hari imiterere y'umubiri yohereza ibimenyetso by'umubiri ku bice by'ubwonko nka cortex yo mu bwonko na cerebellum. Hari imiterere y'umubiri yohereza ibimenyetso by'umubiri ku ijosi no ku maguru, bikagufasha gukosora imiterere yawe. Hari imiterere y'umubiri yohereza ibimenyetso by'umubiri ku mitsi yo mu maso yawe, bifasha amaso yawe kuguma yibanda ahantu hamwe ndetse no mu gihe umubiri wawe uri kugenda. Ibi byitwa vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) . Tekereza, iyo uri muri bisi, ni ukubera iyi VOR ushobora kureba icyapa hanze.

Noneho reka turebe uko umutsi wo mu bwonko (imitsi yo kumva) ukora.

Uturemangingo twa cochlear (nanone twitwa umutsi wo kumva) dutwara amakuru ava muri cochlea yawe akayageza mu bwonko bwawe. Kimwe n'ingingo z'umubiri, cochlea yawe yuzuyemo amazi kandi ikubiyemo uturemangingo tw'ubwoya. Iyo amajwi aje, ayo mazi n'uturemangingo biratigita.

Dore uko umutsi wa cochlear ukora:

1. Ikimenyetso kiratangira: Iyo imiraba y'urusaku igeze kuri cochlea yawe, membrane ya basilar iri muri yoUrurenda rwitwa "eardrum" rurahinda. Uku kuhindagura gutuma uturemangingo tw'umusatsi twitonda ku rurenda tugenda. Uko uturemangingo twimuka, havuka ikimenyetso kijyanye n'imiterere y'ijwi. Ibi birimo ibintu nk'umuvuduko w'amajwi (ni ukuvuga uburyo ijwi riri hejuru cyangwa hasi - `pitch`) n'urusaku rw'ijwi.

2. Ikimenyetso gitwarwa n'uturemangingo tw'imitsi: `Neurons` (uturemangingo tw'imitsi) dutwara iki kimenyetso mu mitsi yo kumva, kugeza kigeze ahantu hitwa `cochlear nuclei` mu gice cy'ubwonko. Hari ibice bitatu by'utu turemangingo tw'imitsi. Buri gice cyakira ubwoko butandukanye bw'amakuru yerekeye amajwi. Urugero, bimwe mu bice byakira amakuru yerekeye amajwi afite umurongo wo hasi, nk'amajwi ya bass. Ibindi bice byakira amakuru yerekeye amajwi afite umurongo wo hejuru, nk'amajwi afite ijwi rirenga.

3. Ubwonko butunganya amakuru y'amajwi: Ingirabuzimafatizo za kokleri zohereza ibimenyetso by'amajwi ku gice cy'ubwonko cy'amatwi . Aha hantu niho amakuru y'amajwi wumvise atunganywa kandi agasobanuka.

Ese ntibitangaje? Ni ibintu byinshi bishobora kubaho kuri uyu mutsi muto! Ni nk'ikoranabuhanga rikomeye riri mu mibiri yacu.

None se iyi mitsi ya vestibulocochlear iherereye he?

Umutsi wa vestibulocochlear uherereye mu nzira y'amagufwa yitwa Internal Auditory Canal (IAC) , aho ugutwi kwawe kw'imbere kwegerana n'igice cyo munsi cy'agahanga kawe.

• Umutsi wo mu bwoko bwa vestibular utangirira mu mutsi witwa vestibular ganglion (`Vestibular (Scarpa's) ganglion`) hafi y'ingingo za vestibular. Uhuza umutsi wo mu bwoko bwa cochlear muri `IAC` kugira ngo ukore `CN VIII`. Ariko, usubira kwitandukanya n'umutsi wo mu bwoko bwa cochlear iyo ugeze kuri vestibular nuclei complex mu gice cy'ubwonko.
• Umutsi wa cochlear utangirira mu mutsi witwa spiral ganglion hafi ya cochlea. Ibi bihuza umutsi wa vestibulare uri muri IAC bigashyiraho CN VIII. Hanyuma utandukana n'umutsi wa vestibulare iyo ugeze mu gice cyawo cy'ubwonko.

Mu magambo make, ni nk'aho iyi mitsi yombi itangira mu gutwi imbere, ikagendana intera ngufi, hanyuma ikongera gutandukana igakora imirimo yayo iyo yinjiye mu bwonko.

Umutsi wa vestibulocochlear ukozwe n'iki?

Umutsi wa vestibulocochlear ugizwe gusa n'imitsi ifata ibitekerezo (neurons zifata ibitekerezo) . Ibi bivuze ko intego yawo ari ugutwara ibimenyetso bifasha ubwonko gutunganya amakuru ashingiye ku byumviro byawe (nk'uko wumva n'uko umubiri uhagaze). Ntabwo utwara ubutumwa bw'imitsi, ni ukuvuga ubutumwa buva mu bwonko bujya mu mitsi.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kugaragara zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi ya vestibulocochlear?

Ikibabaje ni uko hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zishobora kwangiza uyu mutsi w'ingenzi. Zimwe muri zo ni izi:

• Ibikomere: Ibikomere ku bice by'agahanga kawe, cyane cyane aho ugutwi kwawe imbere kuri. Tekereza nko gukubita umutwe wawe.
• Ibibazo byo mu nda (ibibazo biboneka mu gihe cyo kuvuka): Hari igihe, ibibazo bishobora kubaho kuva umwana avutse kuko CN VIII idakura neza.
• Ibibyimba: Ibibyimba bitari kanseri (bitari byiza), nka neuroma y'amajwi, bishobora kubaho. Nubwo ibi atari kanseri, bishobora guteza ibibazo bitewe no gukanda imitsi.
• Indwara: Indwara nka vestibular neuritis cyangwa labyrinthite zishobora kwangiza uyu mutsi.

Namenya nte ko mfite ikibazo cy'imitsi yanjye ya vestibulocochlear? (Ibimenyetso)

Iyo imitsi yawe ya vestibulocochlear yangiritse, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku kumva kwawe no ku bushobozi bwawe bwo kugumana uburimbane. Reba niba ufite kimwe muri ibi:

• Kubura amatwi kw'amatwi: Uku ni ukubura amatwi guterwa n'ikibazo mu gutwi imbere.
• Kuvuga mu matwi: Ijwi riturika, riturika, cyangwa riturika mu matwi. Kuri bamwe, ibi bishobora kumvikana nk'ijwi riturika cyangwa riturika.
• Kuzungera: Kumva uzunguruka, udafite umutwe, cyangwa udafite uburinganire.
• Vertigo: Kumva ko ibintu bikukikije birimo kuzunguruka, cyangwa ko uri kuzunguruka, ndetse n'igihe uhagaze. Ibi bishobora kumvikana nk'aho uri kuzamuka no kumanuka uri kuzunguruka.
• Nystagmus: Ingufu z'amaso zihuta kandi zitagenzurwa.

Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ni byiza guhita ubonana na muganga . Ni ngombwa gushaka impamvu no gutangira kuvurwa vuba.

Ni gute abaganga bagenzura ubuzima bw'iyi 'CN VIII'?

Hari ibizamini byinshi abaganga bakoresha kugira ngo barebe ubuzima bw'imitsi yawe ya vestibulocochlear:

• Ibizamini byo kumva: Ibi bizamini bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ikibazo cyo kutumva mu gutwi kwawe imbere. Urugero, harimo ikizamini cya Rinne n'ikizamini cya Weber . Muri ibi bizamini, umuganga ashyira agakoresho ko gupima (ubwoko bwa tuning fork) ku mutwe wawe no hafi y'ugutwi kwawe, maze akareba niba wumva amajwi.
• Ibizamini by'imitsi yo mu matwi:Ibi bizamini bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe ubuzima bw'umubiri wawe. Ibizamini bishakisha nystagmus (imyitwarire yihuse y'amaso) ni ingirakamaro cyane mu kumenya ibibazo by'imitsi yo mu mutwe VIII.
• Ibizamini byo gupima: Gupima CT (computed tomography scans) cyangwa MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe ibitagenda neza mu gutwi kwawe, nk'ibibyimba . MRI ishobora kwerekana kwangirika k'imitsi ya vestibulocochlear, nko kuva amaraso mu gutwi imbere.

Izi ndwara z'imitsi ya vestibulocochlear zivurwa zite?

Uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora gutandukana bitewe n'ikibazo. Dore bumwe mu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa:

• Imiti: Ubwandu bwinshi bwibasira imitsi ya vestibulocochlear buterwa na virusi. Akenshi bukira ubwabwo. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imitsi kugira ngo agufashe gukira vuba. Ashobora kandi kukwandikira imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imitsi ya corticosteroid kugira ngo igabanye kubyimba muri CN VIII.
• Kubagwa: Ushobora gukenera kubagwa kugira ngo ukureho ibibyimba, nka neuroma acoustic, bigutera ibibazo mu kumva cyangwa kuringaniza imiterere yawe. Niba utari umukandida mwiza wo kubagwa, muganga wawe ashobora gukoresha uburyo bwitwa stereotactic radiotherapy kugira ngo agabanye ibibyimba.
• Ubuvuzi bwo kuvura imitsi yo mu matwi: Niba ufite ibibazo by'igihe kirekire ku mubiri wawe, ubu buvuzi bushobora kugufasha kwiga imyitozo ishobora kunoza uburinganire bwawe. Ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi ukeneye buzaterwa n'ubwoko bw'indwara itera ibibazo by'imitsi yo mu matwi ya vestibulocochlear.

Ni gute nakora kugira ngo imitsi yanjye ya vestibulocochlear ikomeze kuba myiza?

Birumvikana ko tudashobora gukumira indwara zose zishobora kwangiza imitsi ya vestibulocochlear, nko gukomereka cyangwa ibibyimba. Ariko hari ibintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo urinde ugutwi kwawe kw'imbere.

Urugero:

• Rinda amatwi yawe iyo uri ahantu hakomeye. Amajwi menshi ashobora kwangiza uturemangingo tw’umusatsi two mu gutwi kwawe imbere, ibyo bikaba byagutera kubura amatwi.
• Jya kwa muganga igihe ubonye ikimenyetso cya mbere cy'ikibazo nk'indwara yo mu matwi. Guhabwa ubuvuzi hakiri kare bishobora gukumira kwangirika gukomeye.
• Irinde imvune zo mu mutwe. Kwambara ingofero no gukina siporo itekanye ni ingenzi.

Kwita ku gutwi kwawe kw'imbere ni byiza ku kuringaniza no ku buryo bwo kumva muri rusange. Bituma umutsi wa vestibulocochlear wakira ubutumwa busobanutse kandi buhoraho bugana ubwonko.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo muri iyi nkuru

Rero, imitsi yawe ya vestibulocochlear ni nk'ikiraro cy'ingenzi cyane gihuza sisitemu yawe ya vestibulare (kuringaniza) n'uburyo bwo kumva (kumva) n'ubwonko bwawe. Udafite iyi sano y'ingenzi, ugutwi kwawe kw'imbere gushobora gutunganya ubutumwa bujyanye n'amajwi n'ukuringaniza, ariko ubwo butumwa ntibushobora kugera mu bwonko bwawe kugira ngo busobanuke.

Kubwibyo, kugira 'CN VIII' ikora neza ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo ukomeze guhuzwa n'ibyo wumva mu isi ikukikije. Ibyo bivuze ko ushobora kumva indirimbo nziza, kuganira n'inshuti, kugenda utagwa, kwiruka no gusimbuka, ibi byose bifashwa cyane n'uyu mutsima muto. Kubwibyo, ni inshingano zacu kubitekerezaho gato no kubyitaho.

Niba ufite ibindi bibazo kuri ibi, ntugatinye kuvugana na muganga. Biteguye kugufasha.

Imitsi ya Vestibulocochlear, kumva, kuringaniza, imitsi yo mu matwi, CN VIII, ugutwi kw'imbere, uburyo bwo kumva