Ese hari imiti imwe n'imwe itera indwara yo kwibagirwa? (Reka twige ku miti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara).

Twese dufite ubwoba ahantu runaka mu mitima yacu ko ababyeyi bacu, cyangwa twe ubwacu, bazatangira kwibagirwa ibintu uko tugenda dukura. Igitekerezo cyo gutakaza kwibuka no gutekereza neza giteye ubwoba cyane. Nubwo gusaza ari yo mpamvu ikomeye itera uku gutakaza kwibuka, cyangwa indwara yo kwibagirwa, ubu haravugwa ikindi kintu gishobora gutera ibyago. Ni ukuvuga imwe mu miti dukoresha ku ndwara zitandukanye.

Iyi miti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara ya kolineriji ni iyihe?

Mu magambo make, imiti irwanya koleriji ni ubwoko bw'imiti. Ikorwa mu kimera cyitwa Belladonna. Iki kimera gishobora kuba uburozi mu rugero runaka. Ariko, ibintu biri muri iki kimera bishobora kugenzura, cyangwa guhagarika, imikorere y'imitsi yacu ku rugero runaka, bityo bikoreshwa mu gukora imiti igenzurwa.

Tekereza, sisitemu yacu y'imitsi imeze nk'urusobe rw'imitsi ikwirakwira mu mubiri wose. Ubwonko bwacu ni bwo buyobora cyane. Amategeko atangwa aho ngaho ajya mu mubiri wose binyuze muri izi ngirabuzimafatizo z'imitsi. Ibintu byose kuva ku kugenda kwacu, gutekereza kwacu, umutima wacu, guhumeka kwacu, gusinzira kwacu, n'imikorere y'ibyumviro byacu bitanu bigenzurwa n'iyi sisitemu y'imitsi.

Hari ubutumwa bw'imiti butwara ubutumwa binyuze muri uru rwego rw'imitsi. Tubwita neurotransmitters. Acetylcholine ni imwe mu ntumwa zikomeye cyane. Bityo, icyo imiti irwanya kolineriji ikora ni ukubuza ubwo butumwa bwitwa acetylcholine. Binyuze muri ibyo, bimwe mu bikorwa by'uru rwego rw'imitsi biragenzurwa.

Imiti myinshi muri iyi ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara.

Imwe mu miti ikoreshwa cyane

Iyi miti iza mu buryo bw'ibinini, ibitonyanga by'amaso, n'inshinge. Ingero zimwe ni izi:

• Diphenhydramine: Uyu ni ubwoko bw'umuti ukoreshwa mu kuvura allergie. Umuti wo muri Sri Lanka witwa Piriton urimo ikintu gisa n'icyo cyitwa chlorpheniramine. Ibi kandi biri mu bwoko bumwe bw'imiti irwanya kolineriji.
• Benztropine: Ikoreshwa mu kuvura ibimenyetso bya Parkinson.
• Dicycloverine: Ikoreshwa mu kuvura ububabare bwo mu gifu, cyane cyane mu ndwara nka Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).
• Oxybutynin: Umuti uhabwa abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kugenzura inkari zabo.
• Hyoscyamine: Ikoreshwa mu kuvura ububabare bw'imitsi yo mu gifu n'uruhago.

Mu magambo make, indwara yo kwiheba (dementia) ni iki?

Dementia ni ijambo rusange rikoreshwa ku ndwara zitandukanye zigira ingaruka ku bushobozi bw'umuntu bwo gutekereza, kwibuka, cyangwa gufata ibyemezo. Rikunze kugaragara cyane mu bantu bakuze.

Iyi ndwara ishobora kugira ingaruka ku muntu:

• Ubushobozi bwo kwibanda ku kintu runaka
• Kuganira n'abandi (itumanaho)
• Ubushobozi bwo guhitamo icyiza n'ikibi (ubwenge bwo kwihitiramo)
• Kwibuka
• Ubushobozi bwo gutekereza mu buryo bwumvikana no gukemura ibibazo

Hari igihe, ubwoko bw'indwara yo kwibagirwa nka Alzheimer bushobora no guteza impinduka mu miterere n'imyitwarire y'umuntu.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara indwara yo kwibagirwa?

• Imyaka: Gusaza ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi gishobora gutera ibyago.
• Indwara z'umutima: Abantu bafite amateka y'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, cholesterol nyinshi, na stroke bari mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara indwara yo kwibagirwa.
• Inkomoko y'uturemangingo: Niba umuntu wo mu muryango wawe yarigeze kugira indwara ya Alzheimer, ibyago byo kuyirwara bishobora kwiyongeraho 10% - 30%.
• Gukomereka mu bwonko: Gukomereka mu mutwe bikomeye cyangwa bidashira nabyo bishobora kongera ibyago.

Ariko rimwe na rimwe uku kubura kwibuka bishobora kuba iby'igihe gito. Imiti imwe n'imwe, kubura vitamine, no kudahuza kw'imisemburo ya tiroyide nabyo bishobora gutera kubura kwibuka by'igihe gito.

None se uyu muti koko utera indwara yo kwibagirwa?

Abashakashatsi bakoze ubushakashatsi bunini kugira ngo bamenye. Ubu bushakashatsi bwari ubw'imyaka icumi. Abantu bagera ku 3,500 barengeje imyaka 65 nibo bitabiriye ubu bushakashatsi. Nta n'umwe muri abo bantu wari ufite ikibazo cyo kwiheba ubwo ubushakashatsi bwatangiraga.

Abashakashatsi banditse imiti yose abitabiriye bafashe, yaba iyanditswe na muganga ndetse n'iyabonekaga ku giciro gito, nka piridine. Bapimye ubushobozi bwo kwibuka no gutekereza bw'abitabiriye buri myaka ibiri.

Ubwo ubushakashatsi bwarangiraga, abantu 797 mu bitabiriye ubushakashatsi bari bamaze kugira ikibazo cyo kwibagirwa. Muri abo, 637 bari bafite indwara ya Alzheimer.

Ubwo basesenguraga aya makuru, abashakashatsi bavumbuye ikintu gitangaje. Basanze hari isano ikomeye hagati y’abantu bakoreshaga imiti igabanya ubukana bw’indwara ya kolineriji n’abarwaye indwara yo kwibagirwa . Banasanze kandi ko uko umuntu amara igihe kinini akoresha iyi miti, ari nako ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo kwibagirwa byiyongera .

Kuki ibi bibaho?

Imwe mu nyigisho nyamukuru ni uko ifitanye isano na acetylcholine yo mu bwonko, ikaba isanzwe iri hasi mu bwonko bw'abantu barwaye indwara ya Alzheimer. Mu by'ukuri, imiti imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya Alzheimer ikora mu kongera ingano ya acetylcholine mu bwonko.

Rero, imiti irwanya kolinerike ibuza acetylcholine messenger, bityo abashakashatsi batekereza ko ari yo mpamvu ishobora kuba ari yo mpamvu. Ariko hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kuri ibi.