Saamai kana baba, dzimwe nguva unombozvibvunza here kuti, " Maitiro emwana wangu akasiyana zvishoma here?" Kana kuti une kusava nechokwadi mupfungwa dzako nezvekukura kwake? Zvakajairika kuva nepfungwa dzakadai. Nhasi tichataura nezve autism, chirwere chinonetsa vabereki vazhinji, asi chinogona kugadziriswa kana chikanzwisiswa zvakanaka. Zvikuru, mashoko akanaka ndeekuti chirwere ichi chinogona kuonekwa mwana achangoberekwa.
Chii chinonzi autism?
Tisati tataura nezvenyaya itsva iyi, ngatinzwisisei kuti autism chii. Vamwe vanhu vanoidaidzawo kuti Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). "Spectrum" yakaita semuraraungu. Sezvo paine mavara akasiyana, kugona nematambudziko evana vane autism kwakasiyana zvikuru.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ichi chirwere chinokanganisa kukura kwepfungwa dzemwana. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera kuti atarisana nematambudziko munzvimbo nhatu huru:
1. Kutaurirana nevanhu : Panogona kunge paine dambudziko rekuvaka hukama nevamwe, kutarisana mumaziso, uye kunzwisisa manzwiro evamwe.
2. Kutaurirana: Ungaona zvinhu zvakaita sekunonoka kutaura, kushandisa zviratidzo panzvimbo pemashoko, kana kudzokorora mazwi akafanana.
3. Maitiro: Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira maitiro ekudzokorora (semuenzaniso, kuombera maoko, kutora matoyi nenzira imwecheteyo), uye kusanzwa kukanganiswa nezvimwe zvinhu (ruzha, kunhuwidza, chiedza).
Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti autism haisi chirwere, inzira yekuona nekuona nyika zvakasiyana. Vana ava vanogonawo kunge vaine hunyanzvi hwakasiyana.
Mwana anogona kuonekwa aine autism pakuzvarwa here?
Ehe! Aya ndiwo mashoko matsva uye akanakisa. Boka revaongorori paDuke University muUnited States vachangobva kuwana chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa. Vakagadzira purogiramu yekombuta, algorithm yakakosha, inogona kuongorora zvinyorwa zvehutano hwemwana achiri mudiki uye kufanotaura kana mwana iyeye ari panjodzi yekuve ne autism mune ramangwana.
Fungidzira kuti zvaizobatsira sei kukwanisa kufanotaura izvi uchishandisa ruzivo rwunowanikwa mubhuku rehutano hwemwana kana zvinyorwa zvechipatara mukati memwedzi wekutanga wekuzvarwa?
Nzira iyi inoshanda sei?
Vaongorori vakaongorora zvinyorwa zvehutano zvemagetsi zvevana vanosvika zviuru makumi mana nezvishanu(zvinyorwa zvekurapa zvemagetsi) zvakadzidzwa. Pakuongorora data iri, vakaona maitiro akati wandei ehutano akajairika muvana vadiki vakazoonekwa kuti vane autism.
Vari:
- Kushanyira chiremba wemaziso kana paine matambudziko emaziso.
- Kushanyira chiremba wetsinga kana paine matambudziko ane chekuita netsinga.
- Kugara uchinetseka mudumbu uye matambudziko ekugaya chikafu (Matambudziko emudumbu).
- Kudiwa kwekurapwa kwemuviri.
Izvi hazvirevi kuti mwana ane chirwere ichi chete, ane autism. Kwete, usafunge saizvozvo. Chinoitwa nehurongwa uhwu kuunganidza mazana emashoko madiki akadai uye kuona maitiro ese anobuda maari. Zvakafanana nemupurisa anounganidza zviratidzo zvidiki uye achigadzira mufananidzo mukuru.
Sei kuongororwa kwechirwere nekukurumidza kuchikosha?
Ichi ndicho chikamu chakakosha zvikuru munyaya iyi. Kana autism ikazivikanwa nekukurumidza, zvinoita kuti ramangwana remwana rive nani. Tinoidaidza kuti "Kupindira Kwepakutanga."
- Kugadziriswa kweuropi: Uropi hwevana vadiki hwakaita sevhu rakanyorova. Hunochinjika zvakanyanya panguva iyoyo (neuroplasticity). Saka, kana marapirwo anodiwa akapihwa pakutanga, uropi hwemwana huchabatsirwa zvikuru kuvaka hukama hutsva uye kukunda matambudziko.
- Mhedzisiro Yakanakisisa: Zvinhu zvakaita sekurapa nekutaura uye kurapwa nebasa, kana zvikatangwa kare, zvinogona kubatsira mwana pakuvandudza hunyanzvi hwake hwekutaurirana uye hwekudyidzana nevamwe.
- Kurerukirwa kwevabereki: Zvinozorodza zvikuru vabereki kunzwisisa chikonzero chehunhu hwemwana wavo. Zvinovapawo mukana wekudzidza kubatsira mwana wavo.
Chidzidzo chikuru chatinodzidza muchidzidzo ichi ndechekuti autism haisi yemaitiro chete, asi ine chekuita nehutano hwemuviri hwemwana .
Chii chatinofanira kudzidza kubva pane izvi sevabereki muSri Lanka?
Nzira iyi inogona kunge isati yashandiswa muSri Lanka parizvino. Asi meseji yainopa inokosha zvikuru kwatiri. Sevabereki, zvakakosha kuti muzive nezvekukura kwemwana wenyu. Mutafura iri pazasi, tarisai zvimwe zvinhu zvakajairika zvekutarisa mumakore maviri ekutanga emwana.
| Zera | Zvinhu zvekuteerera |
|---|---|
| Mwedzi 6-9 | - Kusanyemwerera zvikuru kana kuratidza manzwiro emufaro. - Kuchinjana kuita ruzha nekuseka newe. - Haapinduri zita. |
| Mwedzi gumi nemiviri (gore) | - Dzivisa kutaura zvisina musoro. - Kusaita zviratidzo zvemaoko zvakaita sekuti 'tata' kana kunongedzera chimwe chinhu. - Kusatarira shure kana zita ravo rataurwa. |
| Mwedzi 16-24 (makore 1.5 - 2) | - Kusataura shoko rimwe chete (mwedzi gumi nemitanhatu) kana mitsara miviri (mwedzi makumi maviri nemana). - Kusafarira vamwe vana. - Kusatarisa mumaziso zvakananga. - Kudzokorora zviito zvakafanana (semuenzaniso, mavhiri ekutenderera, kutenderera mberi nekudzoka). |
Ndingaitei kana ndikafungidzira chimwe chinhu chakadai?
Kana muine kusava nechokwadi nezvemwana wenyu, ndapota musavhunduka kana kumuchengeta ari ega. Chinhu chakanakisa chekuita ndechekutaura nachiremba wemhuri yenyu, chiremba wevana, kana chiremba wepakiriniki yenyu yekuzvitakura (MOH) nezvenyaya iyi.
Usambotya kutaura kuti, "Chiremba, mwana wangu haaratidzike seari kutarisa vamwe vanhu zvakanaka, uye ndinonzwa kutya zvishoma." Remekedza manzwiro ako. Ndiro rubatsiro rukuru rwaunogona kupa mwana wako.
Chiremba achaongorora mwana zvakare kana zvichidikanwa uye achamutumira kuna chiremba wepfungwa dzevana. Yeukai, ichi hachisi chinhu chinogona kuongororwa nekuongororwa kamwe chete. Inzira inotora nguva.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Autism haisi chirwere. Inzira yakasiyana iyo mwana anoona uye anoona nayo nyika.
- Ongororo itsva inoratidza kuti ruzivo rwehutano hwemuviri hwemwana kubva paucheche runogona kuona njodzi ye autism nekukurumidza.
- Autism haingogumiri pamaitiro chete, ine chekuitawo nehutano hwemwana (maziso, ura, kufamba).
- Kana muine zvinokunetsai nezvekukura kana maitiro emwana wenyu, ndapota taurai nachiremba wenyu. Kuziva mwana wenyu nekukurumidza uye kumubatsira nekukurumidza zvakakosha zvikuru kune ramangwana rake.
- Semubereki, teerera manzwiro ako emubereki. Hausi wega, uye kune nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekuwana rubatsiro.
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