Fungidzira, mumwe munhu waunoziva, kana mumwe munhu waunopfuura naye, kamwe kamwe anorasikirwa nepfungwa owira pasi. Haafeme, haatombonzwi moyo wake uchirova... Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvemudziyo unoshamisa unogona kuponesa hupenyu munguva yenjodzi yakadaro, hondo pakati pehupenyu nerufu. Kunyangwe vanhu vazhinji vakaiona mumafirimu, vashoma vanoziva kuti inoshanda sei chaizvo. Uyu ndiwo muchina we defibrillator.
Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, chii chinonzi defibrillator?
Defibrillator chishandiso chekurapa chinoshandiswa kudzoreredza kurova kwemoyo kune njodzi, kusina kurongeka nekupa kurohwa kwemoyo nemagetsi. Zvakanyanya kunaka, chinomisa kushanda kwemagetsi kwemoyo kwechinguva uye chinoupa mukana wekutanga kurova kwemoyo nenzira kwayo zvakare.
Izvi zvinonyanya kudiwa kana paine mafambiro maviri asina kujairika emwoyo (arrhythmias) anoitika mumakamuri epasi emwoyo, maventricle, uye anogona kuisa upenyu panjodzi pakarepo.
1. Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) (kana pasina kurova kwemoyo) - moyo unorova nekukurumidza, asi usingashande.
2. Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) - Kana tsandanyama yemoyo ikagumburwa zvisina kurongeka uye isina kubatana, sekunge iri kudedera. Panyaya iyi, moyo haupombi ropa kuenda mumuviri zvachose.
Zvese izvi zvinogona kukonzera kumisa kwemoyo kamwe kamwe, uko mwoyo unomira kurova zvachose.
Ndiani anoda mudziyo uyu?
Izvi tinozviona mumhando mbiri huru. Imwe inoshandiswa muzvipatara nenzvimbo dzeveruzhinji dzakadai senhandare dzendege nezvitoro. Imwe michina inopiwa varwere vari panjodzi huru yekurwara nemoyo inogona kutyisidzira hupenyu hwavo kuti vashandise ivo pachavo.
Fungidzira, kana mumwe munhu akangoerekana abatwa nechirwere chemwoyo, sekondi yega yega inopfuura kusvika amburenzi yasvika kana kuti munhu wacho aendeswa kuchipatara inokosha zvikuru. Panguva iyoyo , AED (Automated External Defibrillator) iri panzvimbo yeruzhinji ine mukana wakakura wekuponesa hupenyu.
Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzema defibrillator emunhu. Kuvhunduka kwemagetsi kunobva pane izvi dzimwe nguva kunogona kunzwika kusina kucherechedzwa, kana kuti kunogona kunzwa sekunge kurohwa kwakasimba pachipfuva.
| Rudzi rwemidziyo | Tsananguro |
|---|---|
| Chinopfekwa cheCardioverter Defibrillator (WCD) | Ichi chishandiso chinopfekwa pasi pezvipfeko zvakaita sejesti. Masensa akabatanidzwa paganda anogara achitarisa kurova kwemoyo. Kana rhythm ine njodzi ikaonekwa, inoerekana yarova nemagetsi. |
| Chinobvisa Kuora Kwemwoyo Chinoiswa Mukati (ICD) | Ichi chishandiso chidiki chinoiswa pasi peganda rechipfuva nekuvhiyiwa. Chakaita semuchina wekubatsira pacemaker. Asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti hachingodzore kurova kwemoyo chete kana chikadzikira, asiwo chinoona kumhanya kwemoyo kunotyisidzira hupenyu uye chinoita kuti mwoyo uvhunduke zvakare. |
Defibrillator inoshanda sei?
Kana mumwe munhu akangoerekana adonha asina kuziva, chinhu chekutanga chaunofanira kuita kufonera 1990 nekukurumidza wozivisa amburenzi. Zvadaro, kana wakadzidziswa, unofanira kutanga CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) . CPR inogona kubatsira kuchengetedza oxygen kuuropi nedzimwe nhengo kusvika pave ne defibrillator.
Kana wangogamuchira defibrillator (kunyanya AED), heino maitiro ekuishandisa:
1. Batidza mudziyo: Paunongodzvanya bhatani paAED zhinji, rinobatidza uye rinopa mirairo yakajeka yezwi rekuti woita sei zvinotevera.
2. Kubatanidza Mapedhi: Mapedhi maviri anonamira akabatanidzwa pamuchina anofanira kubviswa pahembe dzemurwere obatanidzwa pachipfuva chisina kupfeka. Rimwe rinofanira kusungirirwa pasi pefudzi rekurudyi uye rimwe pasi pezasi pezamu rekuruboshwe. Nzvimbo dzinofanira kusungirirwa mapedhi dzinoratidzwa mudhayagiramu iri pamapedhi pachawo.
3. Kuongorora rhythm: Mushure mekubatanidza pad, muchina unoongorora otomatiki rhythm yemoyo. Hazvikurudzirwi kubata murwere panguva ino. Muchina uchapa yambiro yakaita sekuti "Kuongorora rhythm yemoyo, usabata murwere".
4. Kuburitsa shock yemagetsi: Kana muchina ukaona kuti unoda shock yemagetsi, unochaja otomatiki uye unopa chiratidzo chekuti shock iburitse. Kazhinji, unorayirwa kudzvanya bhatani guru.
Zvakakosha: Usati wadzvanya bhatani rekuvhundutsa, danidzira kuti "Munhu wese akachena!" uye iva nechokwadi chekuti hapana ari kubata murwere kana mubhedha waari pauri. Zvikasadaro, vanogona kurohwawo nemagetsi.
Kuvhunduka uku kwemagetsi kunoita kuti tsandanyama dzemwoyo dzimire kwechinguva, zvichiita kuti pacemaker yemoyo itangezve kudzora uye kutanga rhythm yakajairika.
Chii chinoitika mushure mekuvhunduka?
Mushure mekuvhunduka, unofanira kutanga CPR zvakare kwemaminitsi maviri. Ipapo ndipo chete paunofanira kutarisa kana kurova kwemoyo kuri kushanda uye kufema kuri kushanda. Kana kurova kwemoyo kusati kwapora, zvikwata zvekurapa zvinogona kupa mishonga yakawanda yakadai se epinephrine kana amiodarone .
Muzvimwe zviitiko, murwere anogona kuramba asina chaanoziva kunyangwe kurova kwemoyo kwadzoka pakare. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, kurapwa kwe hypothermia kunogona kuitwa muchipatara kuderedza njodzi yekukuvara kwehuropi.
Mabhenefiti, njodzi, uye kupora
| Chikamu | Zvekuziva |
|---|---|
| Zvakanakira | Kana muchina we defibrillator ukashandiswa pakuita kuti mwoyo ushande zvakanaka (VF/VT) uye panguva yakakodzera (mukati memaminitsi gumi), mukana wekuponesa hupenyu wakakura. |
| Njodzi | Kana muchina we defibrillator ukashandiswa pakuita kwemoyo usina kujairika, unogona kukonzera kurova kwemoyo kune njodzi (ventricular fibrillation) uye woita kuti mwoyo umire. MaAED akagadzirirwa kubvisa njodzi iyi. Nekuti mudziyo wacho pachawo unoongorora kurova kwemoyo uye wosarudza kana kurohwa kuchidikanwa kana kwete. |
| Kupora | Kupora kubva pakumira kwemwoyo kamwe kamwe uye kushaya simba kwemuviri rwendo rurefu runogona kutora mwedzi kana makore. Panogona kunge paine matambudziko akadai sekuneta, kukuvara kwembabvu panguva yeCPR, uye kuoma kufamba. Kurapa kwakadai sekurovedza muviri uye kurapwa kwebasa kunogona kudiwa. |
Ona chiremba wako.
Kana uine mudziyo weICD, zvakakosha kuti uone chiremba wako nguva nenguva kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti uri kushanda nemazvo. Kazhinji zvinoda kuvhiyiwa kuti utsive bhatiri makore mashanu kusvika manomwe ega ega. Usamborega kutora mishonga yawakanyorerwa nachiremba. Kana uine zvinokunetsa, taura nachiremba wako nezvazvo.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Defibrillator chishandiso chakakosha chinoponesa hupenyu kana mwoyo ukangoerekana wamira.
- MaAED munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji anogona kushandiswa zviri nyore kunyangwe nemunhu asina kudzidziswa nekutevera mirairo yezwi.
- Dzivisa kubata murwere kana mubhedha waanenge ari pauri paanomurova nemagetsi. Iyi inzira yakakosha yekudzivirira.
- Kana wakaisirwa mudziyo weICD, zvakakosha kuti ugare uchionana nachiremba wako nguva nenguva uye uchiongororwa nguva nenguva.
- Kana ukaona mumwe munhu achidonha kamwe kamwe, chinhu chekutanga chaunofanira kuita ndechekufonera 1990 nekukasika wofonera amburenzi yekukurumidzira.
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