Chiremba wako akakuudza here kuti valvu yako ye mitral haina simba uye kuti unoda kuvhiyiwa? Zvakajairika kuti unzwe kutya uye kunetseka kana ukanzwa chimwe chinhu chakadai. Asi usazvidya mwoyo. Uku kuvhiyiwa kwafambira mberi uye kunobudirira ikozvino. Nhasi, tichataura nezveMitral Valve Replacement, zvazvinoreva, kuti zvinoitwa sei, uye kuti zvinoitwa sei, nenzira iri nyore yaunogona kunzwisisa.
Kutanga, ngationei, chii chinonzi mitral valve iyi?
Funga nezvemoyo wako seimba ine makamuri mana. Kune magonhi ari pakati pemakamuri aya anobvumira ropa kuyerera richidzoka richidzoka. Magonhi aya anongovhurika nenzira imwe chete. Saka, vharuvhu iyi yemitral igonhi rakakosha zvikuru riri pakati pekamuri repamusoro (atrium yekuruboshwe) nekamuri repasi (ventricle yekuruboshwe) kuruboshwe rwemoyo.
Ropa rakachena rinobva mumapapu rine okisijeni yakawanda rinotanga rapinda mukamuri repamusoro kuruboshwe. Zvadaro, vharuvhu yemitral inovhurika uye ropa iroro rinopinda mukamuri repasi. Ropa rinopombwa kubva mukamuri repasi mumuviri wese. Saka gonhi iri, kureva vharuvhu, rinofanira kuvhurwa nekuvharwa panguva chaiyo.
Asi nekuda kwezvimwe zvirwere, vharuvhu iyi haishande zvakanaka. Ipapo mwoyo unonzwa kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya. Nekufamba kwenguva, izvi zvinogona kukuvadza moyo nemapapu.
Muzviitiko zvipi apo valvu yemitral inofanira kutsiviwa?
Kuvhiyiwa uku kunodiwa zvikuru nekuda kwezvirwere zviviri.
1. Kudzoreredza ropa muropa: Apa ndipo panobva vharuvhu isingavharike zvakanaka. Rimwe ropa rakapinda mukamuri repasi rinodonhera mukamuri repamusoro. Zvinoita sekiyi yemusuwo yakatyoka.
2. Mitral Stenosis: Chinoitika pano ndechekuti vharuvhu harivhurike zvakanaka. Rinova rakamanikana uye rakavharika. Ipapo nzira yekuti ropa riyerere kubva mukamuri repamusoro kuenda mukamuri repasi inovharika. Zvinoita sekuti gonhi ravharika.
Vanachiremba vanogara vachiedza kugadzirisa vharuvhu yako wega. Zvakanaka kuchengetedza nyama yako wega. Zvisinei, kana vharuvhu yakakuvara zvakanyanya zvekuti haigone kugadziriswa, vharuvhu yekutsiva ndiyo sarudzo yakachengeteka uye yakanakisisa.
Vharuvhu inogona kusagadziriswa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvinotevera:
- Kana vharuvhu yakakuvara zvakanyanya nekuda kwehutachiona mumoyo (endocarditis).
- Kana vharuvhu rava nemavanga uye rakakora nekuda kwechirwere chemwoyo chinonzi rheumatic heart disease (Rheumatic Heart Disease) chakaitika pahudiki.
- Kana calcium yakaunganidzwa pavharuvhu yoita sedombo.
- Kana sisitimu yetambo yakapfava (mhasuru dzepapillary kana chordae) inotsigira vharuvhu ikakuvara.
Ndeapi marudzi matsva emavharuvhu?
Kana uri kuwana vharuvhu itsva, kune mhando mbiri huru dzekusarudza kubva. Dzese dzine zvadzinobatsira nedzadzinokanganisa. Iwe nachiremba wako muchafanira kusarudza pamwe chete kuti ndeipi yakakunakirai, zvichienderana nezera renyu, mararamiro enyu, uye hutano hwenyu.
| Rudzi rwevharuvhu | Tsananguro uye zvakanakira | Zvakaipa nezvinhu zvinozivikanwa |
|---|---|---|
| Vharuvhu yeMichina | Aya mavharuvhu akasimba kwazvo akagadzirwa nesimbi dzakadai sekabhoni netitanium. Anowanzogara kweupenyu hwese. Haadi kuvhiyiwa zvakare. | Uchafanira kutora mushonga wekubvisa ropa (Warfarin) hupenyu hwako hwese. Pane njodzi yakakura yekubuda ropa kana uchitora mushonga uyu. Uchafanira kuongororwa ropa rako nguva nenguva. Izvi zvine njodzi kumadzimai ane pamuviri uye kune avo vanowanzodonha. |
| Vharuvhu yeBiological/Bioprosthetic | Izvi zvinogadzirwa nenyama yemhuka (inotorwa kubva kunguruve kana mombe). Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti haufanirwe kutora mishonga inodzikisa ropa kweupenyu hwako hwese (kunze kwemwedzi mishoma yekutanga). | Izvi hazvigari kwenguva yakareba semavharuvhu emakanika. Anowanzopera mushure memakore gumi kusvika makumi maviri. Wobva wavhiyiwa zvakare woiswa vharuvhu itsva. |
Vanachiremba vanowanzo shandisa nhungamiro yakaita seiyi:
- Kana uri pasi pemakore makumi mashanu ekuberekwa: vharuvhu yemuchina (kunze kwekunge uine pamuviri kana kuti uchironga kubata pamuviri).
- Kana vari pakati pemakore makumi mashanu nemakumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa: chero ipi zvayo yemhando mbiri idzi.
- Kana munhu adarika makore makumi matanhatu nemashanu ekuberekwa: vharuvhu yemuviri.
Ichi chisarudzo chikuru, saka usazeza kukurukura chero mibvunzo kana kutya kwauinako nachiremba wako.
Chii chinoitika usati wavhiyiwa uye panguva yekuvhiyiwa?
Kugadzirira usati wavhiyiwa
Chiremba wako achakupa mirairo yekuti ungagadzirira sei kuvhiyiwa. Kazhinji unofanira kuita zvinotevera:
- Rega kutora mimwe mishonga (kunyanya mishonga inobvisa ropa rakawanda) mavhiki mashoma usati wavhiyiwa.
- Kana uchisvuta, rega zvachose.
- Geza muviri wako nesipo inouraya utachiona husiku hwakatangira kuvhiyiwa.
- Rega kudya nekunwa kubva pakati pehusiku husiku hwakatangira kuvhiyiwa.
- Ronga kuti mumwe munhu akubatsire kana wasvika kumba. Ungaomerwa nekusimudza zvinhu zvinorema kana kubika kwenguva yakati. Saka, zvakakosha kuti uwane rubatsiro kubva kumunhu wemhuri kana shamwari.
Panguva yekuvhiyiwa
Uku kuvhiyiwa kwemoyo kunowanzoitwa nepaburi riri muchipfuva. Zvisinei, vamwe vanhu vanogona kuvhiyiwa vachishandisa catheter (transcatheter). Chiremba wako ndiye achasarudza kana izvi zvakakunakira.
Panguva yekuvhiyiwa:
1. Uchanzwa kusagadzikana zvachose. Saka hauzonzwi kana kurangarira chero chinhu.
2. Panguva yekuvhiyiwa, uchabatanidzwa nemuchina wakakosha (Cardiopulmonary Bypass Machine) kuti uite basa remwoyo nemapapu ako.
3. Chiremba anovhiya anocheka chipfuva osvika pamoyo.
4. Zvadaro, vharuvhu yemitral yakakuvara inobviswa nokungwarira, uye vharuvhu itsva inosonerwa panzvimbo yayo. Vanachiremba vanoedza kuchengetedza nyama yako ine hutano yakawanda sezvinobvira.
5. Vharuvhu itsva inoongororwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti iri kushanda nemazvo, chipfuva chinovharwa, uye wobva wabviswa mumuchina wemoyo nemapapu.
Kuvhiyiwa uku kunowanzotora maawa maviri kusvika mana.
Mushure mekuvhiyiwa uye kupora
Uchafanira kugara muchipatara kweinenge vhiki mushure mekuvhiyiwa.
- Uchapedza zuva rekutanga kana maviri uri mukamuri rekutarisirwa zvakanyanya (ICU), uko zvese kubva pakurova kwemoyo wako kusvika pakufema kwako zvichatariswa zvakanyanya.
- Zvadaro vanoendeswa kuchipatara chenguva dzose.
- Zvinowanzoitika kuti mwoyo urove zvisina kurongeka (`Arrhythmias`) mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Mishonga inopiwa nekuda kweizvi.
- Mishonga yekudzivirira kuungana kweropa (anticoagulation therapy) inotanga.
- Uchatumirwa kuchirongwa chekurapa mwoyo kuti ukurumidze kupora.
Zvinotora pakati pemavhiki mana kusvika masere kuti munhu apore. Asi izvi zvinosiyana kubva kumunhu kusvika kumunhu. Nguva iyi inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita sezera rako uye hutano hwako usati wavhiyiwa. Saka usazvikurumidze. Teerera muviri wako wozorora zvakakwana.
Ndezvipi zviratidzo zvengozi zvaunofanira kuudza chiremba wako nekukurumidza?
Kana ukaona chimwe chezviratidzo zvinotevera mushure mekudzokera kumba, usazviregeredza. Fonera chiremba wako nekukasika kana kuenda kuchipatara chiri pedyo neEmergency Department (ETU).
| Zviratidzo zvine njodzi | |
|---|---|
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| Kana uri kutora mishonga inobvisa ropa, zivawo izvi: | |
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Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Kutsiva vharuvhu yeMitral hakuna chikonzero chekutya. Kuvhiyiwa kwakabudirira zvikuru kunogona kuponesa hupenyu hwako nekuvandudza hupenyu hwako.
- Kusarudza vharuvhu yakakunakira, pakati pemakanika nebiological, chisarudzo chakakosha chaunofanira kuita iwe nachiremba wako pamwe chete.
- Zvinotora nguva kuti munhu apore kubva pakuvhiyiwa. Munguva iyoyo, kuzorora uye rutsigiro rwemhuri zvakakosha. Usambofa wakakurumidzisa zvinhu.
- Zivai zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera njodzi mushure mekudzokera kumba. Kana musina chokwadi, tsvagai rubatsiro rwechiremba nekukasika.
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