Ndiani chiremba wepfungwa? Ngatitaurei nezvazvo zviri nyore!

Dzimwe nguva pfungwa dzedu dzinonetseka nechimwe chinhu, handiti? Mamwe matambudziko akaoma kugadzirisa toga. Ndipo patinoda rubatsiro rwenyanzvi yepfungwa. Asi chiremba wepfungwa uyu ndiani? Vanoitei? Ngatitaurei nezveizvi zvese nhasi.

Ndiani chiremba wepfungwa?

Muchidimbu, chiremba wepfungwa munhu akadzidza zvakadzama maitiro evanhu, pfungwa dzavo, uye manzwiro avo. Vane dhigirii repamusoro muchidzidzo ichi. Nyanzvi zhinji dzepfungwa dzine kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi uye hunyanzvi hwekiriniki hunodiwa kuti vaongorore uye varape hutano hwepfungwa dzako.

Vanokubata sei? Kunyanya kuburikidza nekurapwa nehurukuro (inozivikanwawo se `Psychotherapy` kana `Talk Therapy`) uye kuongororwa kwepfungwa nekuongororwa. Vanokubatsira kubata nematambudziko aunosangana nawo muhupenyu hwako zvinobudirira uye zvinofadza , matambudziko aunawo muhukama, uye mamiriro akasiyana-siyana ehutano hwepfungwa.

Saka ndiani uyu anonzi 'Clinical Psychologist'?

Pfungwa dzepfungwa dzekiriniki ibazi rakakosha repfungwa. Muizvi, chiremba wepfungwa dzekiriniki ane ruzivo rwakakura uye rwakadzama rwepfungwa nedzimwe nzvimbo dzakabatana nadzo.

Vanobatsira vanhu vemazera ese, kubva kuvana vadiki kusvika kuvakuru, vanobva kwakasiyana-siyana, uye kunyange avo vane matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa akakomba . Nyanzvi yepfungwa yekiriniki ine kudzidziswa kwakakosha kwekupa rubatsiro rwakakwana rwepfungwa nemaitiro kuvanhu nemhuri. Vanowanzo shanda mu:

• Zvikoro
• Zvipatara nemakiriniki
• Nzvimbo dzekupa mazano
• Masangano emunharaunda

Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati peChiremba wepfungwa wekupa mazano neChiremba wepfungwa wezvekurapa?

Kunyangwe paine kufanana kwakawanda pakati pemabasa maviri aya, pane misiyano yakati siyanei. Chinhu chikuru ndechekuti chiremba wepfungwa anonyanya kutarisa pakurapa kwepfungwa. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kudzidza kwakadzama kwezvirwere zvepfungwa nehunhu hwazvo.

Kune rumwe rutivi, Nyanzvi yeMazano yepfungwa inobatsira vanhu kubata nekugadzirisa matambudziko emanzwiro, magariro evanhu, uye dzimwe nguva emuviri muhupenyu hwavo.

Nemamwe mashoko, chiremba wepfungwa anobatsira nezvinetso zvakakomba zvehutano hwepfungwa kupfuura chiremba wepfungwa kana chiremba wepfungwa anopa mazano. Zvisinei, vamwe nyanzvi vanoti hapana chikonzero chekuti vaviri ava vave nemazita akasiyana, sezvo basa racho rakafanana zvikuru.

Chiremba wepfungwa wezvekurapa chiremba here?

Uyu mubvunzo unobvunzwa nevanhu vazhinji. Pasinei neshoko rekuti "kiriniki" muzita ravo, chiremba wepfungwa haasi chiremba. Izvi zvinoreva kuti havawanzo kuraira kuongororwa kweropa, bvunzo dzemifananidzo dzakadai seX-rays kana MRI scans. Havawanzo kunyorera mishonga.

Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa ine dhigirii rechiremba - ingave PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) kana PsyD (Doctor of Psychology) - asi havana dhigirii rechiremba (rakadai seMD kana DO).

Musiyano uripo pakati penyanzvi yepfungwa nenyanzvi yepfungwa ndeupi?

Apa ndipo panosangana vanhu vazhinji. Ngatizvinzwisise zviri nyore.

Chiremba wepfungwa chiremba. Kureva chiremba. Anogona kuongorora nekurapa zvirwere zvepfungwa. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti chiremba wepfungwa anogona kunyora mishonga uye kupa mamwe marapirwo (semuenzaniso, mamwe marapirwo ekurapa ane hunyanzvi).

Kune rumwe rutivi, Nyanzvi yepfungwa ine dhigirii reDoctorate (PhD kana PsyD). Vane ruzivo rwakakura uye ruzivo mukutsvaga kwepfungwa kana maitiro ekiriniki. Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzinorapa zvirwere zvepfungwa kunyanya kuburikidza nekurapwa nehurukuro (Psychotherapy kana Talk Therapy). Nyanzvi yepfungwa haigoni kunyora mishonga.

Vanachiremba vepfungwa vanowanzo rapa zvirwere zvepfungwa zvakaoma kupfuura vanachiremba vepfungwa, kunyanya izvo zvinoda mishonga kana mamwe maekisesaizi ekurapa .

Nemamwe mashoko, psychology kudzidza kwepfungwa, manzwiro, uye maitiro. Psychiatry inzvimbo yekurapa inoongorora nekurapa zvirwere zvepfungwa.

Musiyano uripo pakati penyanzvi yezvepfungwa nenyanzvi yekupa mazano ndeupi?

Mupi wezano (dzimwe nguva anonzi murapi) munhu ane dhigirii repamusoro muchikamu chine chekuita nehutano hwepfungwa, senge psychology, counseling psychology, kana muchato kana mhuri counselling. Mupi wezano ane hunyanzvi hwekuongorora hutano hwepfungwa hwemunhu uye kushandisa nzira dzekurapa, dzakadai se talk therapy.

Zvisinei, chiremba wepfungwa ane dhigirii reDoctorate (PhD kana PsyD) uye ane ruzivo rwakadzama uye rwakakura mukutsvaga kwepfungwa kana maitiro ekurapa. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, hunyanzvi hwedzidzo nekudzidziswa kwechiremba wepfungwa zviri padanho repamusoro kupfuura mupi wezano.

Chii chinoitwa nenyanzvi yepfungwa?

Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzinobatsira vanhu vakasiyana-siyana.Vanogonawo kurapa matambudziko akasiyana-siyana ehunhu nepfungwa, pamwe nekubatsira nematambudziko ehupenyu hwezuva nezuva nematambudziko ehukama.

Funga nezveizvi: Vamwe vanhu vanoenda kuna chiremba wepfungwa kana vaine matambudziko enguva refu akadai sekuora mwoyo, kuzvidya mwoyo, kana kusazvivimba . Vamwe vanoenda kuna chiremba wepfungwa kuti vabatsirwe nedambudziko renguva pfupi. Semuenzaniso, vangave vachinetseka nebasa idzva, kana kuti vangave vachinetseka nenhengo yemhuri, shamwari, kana mudiwa.

Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzinowanzo batsira vanhu vane zvimwe zvirwere zvemuviri. Semuenzaniso, vanobatsira vanhu vane hope dzisina kurara, kurwadziwa kusingaperi, matambudziko ekudya, kana zvirwere zvisingaperi zvakaita sechirwere cheshuga kana kenza kuti vararame nechirwere chavo uye vararame hupenyu hwakasimba hwepfungwa .

Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzinogona kuita bvunzo dzakasiyana-siyana uye ongororo . Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kuona chirwere chepfungwa kana kudzidza zvakawanda nezvekuti munhu anofunga sei, anonzwa sei, uye anoita sei. bvunzo idzi dzinogona kutarisa zvinhu zvakaita se:

• Unyanzvi hwepfungwa.
• Simba nekushaya simba kwekufunga (kufunga nekufunga).
• Zvaunoda pabasa (kureva kuti rudzi rwebasa raunoda uye rakakodzera - `Kuda basa`).
• Hunhu hwemunhu.

Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzinoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana -siyana dzekurapa dzinobva pauchapupu kuti dzivandudze hupenyu hwevanhu. Rudzi rwakajairika rwekurapa rwavanoshandisa inyaya yekurapa (inozivikanwawo sekurapa kwepfungwa kana kuti kutaura). Izvi zvinosanganisira kutaura nezvemanzwiro ako, pfungwa dzako, uye maitiro ako, kuzvinzwisisa, uye kuvaka hukama hwekuvimbana pakati pako nenyanzvi yezvepfungwa kuti ikubatsire kuita shanduko dzaunoda kuti ufambire mberi muhupenyu hwako.

Mamwe marapirwo anowanzo shandiswa ndeaya:

• Kurapa Kwepfungwa Nemaitiro (`Kurapa Kwepfungwa Nemaitiro - CBT`)
• Kurapa Maitiro Ekutaura (DBT)
• Kurapa Kwevanhu Vakabatana
• Kurapa Kwevanhu
• Kurapa Kwepfungwa

Kurapa uku kunogona kuva kwevanhu, vakaroorana, kana mhuri. Nyanzvi yepfungwa ichashanda newe kuti usarudze kurapwa kunonyatsokodzera zvaunoda nezvinangwa zvako.

Vamwe vanhu vanoona kuti kusanganiswa kwekurapwa nekutaura nemishonga zvinoshanda zvakanyanya pahutano hwavo hwepfungwa. Kana zvakadaro kwauri, chiremba wepfungwa achashanda nachiremba wemhuri yako kana chiremba wepfungwa kuti vagadzire hurongwa hwakakwana hwekurapa kwako.

Nyanzvi yepfungwa inogona kunyora mishonga here?

Iyi inyaya yakakoshawo. Kazhinji, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa muSri Lanka haikwanise kunyora mishonga.

Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nyika pasi rose, semuenzaniso, mumatunhu akati wandei muUnited States (akadai seNew Mexico, Louisiana, Illinois, Iowa, neIdaho), vanachiremba vepfungwa vane marezenisi vakadzidziswa zvakanyanya vanobvumirwa nemutemo kunyora runyorwa rwemishonga shoma yekubatsira nezvirwere zvepfungwa zvakaita sekuora mwoyo nekuzvidya mwoyo. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vanachiremba vepfungwa parizvino havabvumidzwe kunyora mishonga muSri Lanka. Kuti uite izvozvo, unofanirwa kuona chiremba wepfungwa.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvaunogona kuwana rubatsiro kubva kune nyanzvi yezvepfungwa?

Chiremba wako wepfungwa anogona kurapa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvepfungwa nemaitiro, pamwe nekukubatsira kuti utsungirire zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshungurudza muhupenyu. Matambudziko aya anogona kuva enguva pfupi kana kuti enguva refu . Semuenzaniso, unogona kuwana rubatsiro kubva kune chiremba wepfungwa pazvinhu zvakaita se:

• Dambudziko rekushandisa doro nezvimwe zvinetso zvekushandisa zvinodhaka.
• Nyaya dzehasha.
• Kuzvidya mwoyo.
• Dambudziko reMuviri Rinokonzera Kusagadzikana.
• Kurarama nechirwere chitsva kana kurarama nechirwere chenguva refu chakadai sechirwere cheshuga kana arthritis.
• Kuora mwoyo.
• Matambudziko ekudya (semuenzaniso, kudya zvishoma kana zvakanyanya).
• Matambudziko emhuri nehukama (semuenzaniso, matambudziko nevabereki, murume kana mukadzi, vana).
• Dambudziko reKubhejera.
• Dambudziko reKuchengeta Zvinhu.
• Kushungurudzika nekurasikirwa ('Kushungurudzika nekurasikirwa') chiitiko chekufirwa kwemudiwa kana kurasikirwa nechimwe chinhu chinokosha.
• Matambudziko akadai sekudzikira kwekushanda zvakanaka uye kurasikirwa nechido chebasa kana basa rechikoro.
• Kufuta zvakanyanya nezvimwe zvinetso zvepfungwa.
• Kurwadziwa kwenguva refu pasina chikonzero chemuviri.
• Dambudziko rePost-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) chirwere chepfungwa chinoitika mushure mechiitiko chakakomba chekukuvara.
• Kushungurudzika mushure mekusununguka kunoitika mune vamwe vanaamai mushure mekusununguka.
• Matambudziko ekurara.
• Kugadzirisa kushushikana.
• Kusazvivimba, kunyara.
• Kutya zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana (phobias) (kutya zvinhu kana mamiriro ezvinhu asina kujairika).
• Batsirai kurega tsika dzakaipa (semuenzaniso, kugara muchiruma nzara, kusvuta, nezvimwewo).
• Kutarisana nezviitiko zvinorwadza zvakanyanya (kushungurudzika).

Kunyangwe dzimwe nguva zvichigona kuoma kukumbira rubatsiro pamatambudziko epfungwa nemaitiro, zvakakosha kuita izvozvo. Matambudziko ehutano hwepfungwa akajairika. Hutano hwako hwepfungwa nehwepfungwa hwakakosha sehutano hwako hwemuviri.

Ungava sei nyanzvi yepfungwa?

Kuva nyanzvi yepfungwa hakusi nyore. Zvinoda kuzvipira kwakawanda nenguva. Kazhinji, unofanirwa kuzadzisa matanho aya:

• Kutanga, unofanira kuwana dhigirii remakore mana (`Bachelor's degree`) kubva kuyunivhesiti.
• Mushure meizvozvo, unofanirwa kudzidza dhigirii repamusoro (`Graduate school`) kwemakore angangoita mana kusvika matanhatu. Izvi ndizvo zvinokutungamirira ku`Doctoral degree` - kureva, dhigirii re`PhD - Doctor of Philosophy` mumunda wepfungwa kana dhigirii re`PsyD - Doctor of Psychology`.
• Munguva yedhigirii rako repashure pedhigirii, unofanirwa kupedzisa kudzidza kwegore rimwe chete kwenguva yakazara.
• Pamusoro pezvo, unofanira kupasa bvunzo yenyika pamwe nebvunzo dzekuwedzera zvichienderana nemitemo nemitemo yenyika/dunhu raunoda kushandira.

Munyika dzakawanda, nyanzvi yepfungwa inofanirwa kupedza gore rinenge rekushanda ichitarisirwa pasi penyanzvi yepfungwa isati yawana rezenisi. Vazhinji vanobva vatanga kudzidza post-doctoral fellowships kuti vagadzire hunyanzvi muchikamu chavanosarudza chepfungwa.

Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzine marezenisi dzinofanira kugara dzichiziva nezvekuvandudzwa kutsva mumunda wavo, tsvakurudzo itsva, uye marapirwo matsva. Ndosaka vachitora chikamu muzvirongwa zvedzidzo inoenderera mberi ('Dzidzo Inoenderera Mberi') - kureva, maseminari, tsvakurudzo, uye mamwe makirasi - gore rega rega mumabasa avo ese.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti uve nyanzvi yepfungwa?

Kazhinji, zvinogona kutora makore masere kusvika gumi nemaviri kana kupfuura kuti uve chiremba wepfungwa ane rezinesi. Izvi zvinoenderana nekuti unokurumidza sei kupedza dhigirii rako reBachelor's kana Doctorate. Nguva iyi inogona kusiyana, sezvo uchizofanirawo kupedzisa internship yenguva yakazara, iyo yataurwa pamusoro apa, uye pamwe rimwe gore rekudzidzira kwaunotarisirwa, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yaunotarisira kushanda mairi.

Ndezvipi zvidzidzo zvepfungwa?

Pfungwa dzepfungwa inyaya yakakura kwazvo. Inewo hunyanzvi hwakawanda. Kureva kuti, nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzinogona kudzidza nzvimbo yakati zvakadzama uye kuva nyanzvi munharaunda iyoyo. Mimwe mienzaniso ndeiyi:

• Pfungwa dzevana - Nezvekukura kwepfungwa nematambudziko evana.
• Psychology yezvekurapa - kuongororwa nekurapwa kwechirwere chepfungwa.
• Kupa mazano panyaya dzepfungwa - kubatsira vanhu kugadzirisa matambudziko ehupenyu nekushushikana.
• Sainzi yepfungwa nepfungwa dzepfungwa - nezvemafungiro, kudzidza, uye kurangarira kwevanhu.
• Pfungwa dzepfungwa dzekuvandudza - Nezvekuti vanhu vanochinja sei muhupenyu hwavo hwese.
• Sainzi yepfungwa yekuyedza - Kudzidza pfungwa dzepfungwa kuburikidza nekutsvaga.
• Sainzi yezvepfungwa yeForensic neveruzhinji - Kushandiswa kwesainzi yepfungwa kumutemo nemhosva.
• Sainzi yezveutano - Kukanganisa sei hutano hwepfungwa.
• Pfungwa dzezvepfungwa dzekugadzirisa matambudziko - kubatsira vanhu vakaremara kana vanorwara kuti vapore.
• Pfungwa dzemitambo nekushanda zvakanaka - zvichibatsira kuvandudza mashandiro evatambi nevamwe.

Pakupedzisira, yeuka izvi.

Zvinganzwa zvakaoma kubvuma nekukumbira rubatsiro kana uine dambudziko repfungwa, kushushikana, kana dambudziko remanzwiro. Asi kuita izvi kwakakosha kuti pfungwa dzako dzigare zvakanaka uye dzifare muhupenyu. Nyanzvi yepfungwa inogona kukubatsira kunzwisisa zvinhu zviri kukutadzisa kurarama hupenyu hwakazara, hune hutano, uye kukupa simba rekukunda uye kutarisana nazvo.

Ivo inyanzvi mubasa ravo. Vane ruzivo rwakanaka rwetsvagurudzo nekurapa kwazvino kunogona kukubatsira. Chiremba wako wepfungwa achashanda newe kugadzira hurongwa hwekurapa hwakakunakira. Saka, usatya, usazeza, taura zviri mupfungwa dzako, uye kumbira rubatsiro. Hausi wega.

Nyanzvi yezvepfungwa , Hutano hwepfungwa, Kupa mazano, Kurapa kwepfungwa, Kurapa nekutaura, Chiremba wepfungwa