Pane bundu mumuviri here? Rinokuvadza mapfupa ako here? Ringava sarcoma here? Ngationei!

Wakaona bundu idzva pane imwe nzvimbo mumuviri wako risingarwadzi, asi rinotyisa zvishoma here? Kana kuti wave uchirwadziwa mumaoko ako kana makumbo kwenguva yakareba pasina chikonzero chakajeka? Dzimwe nguva hatinyatso teerera zvinhu izvi, asi mune dzimwe nguva, izvi zvinogona kuva zviratidzo zverudzi rwekenza inonzi 'Sarcoma' . Vanhu vazhinji vanonetseka zvishoma pavanonzwa zita iri, nekuti hariwanzoitiki. Saka, nhasi tichataura nezveSarcoma, zvarinoreva, kuti rinokura sei, zviratidzo zvacho ndezvipi, uye kana paine kurapwa, nenzira iri nyore yaunogona kunzwisisa.

Chii chinonzi Sarcoma?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, Sarcoma ibundu rakaipa, kureva kenza, rinokura mumapfupa kana munyama dzakapfava dzemuviri wedu. Iye zvino ungave uchishamisika kuti nyama yakapfava iyi inoshandiswei. Nyama dzakapfava ndidzo dzinotsigira zvimwe zvivako mumuviri wedu. Semuenzaniso:

• Tsandanyama (nyama)
• Mafuta
• Matendoni (nyama dzinobatanidza tsandanyama nemapfupa)
• Cartilage (nyama yakapfava inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakadai semajoini)
• Matinji (nyama dzinobatanidza mapfupa)
• Mitsipa yeropa (tsinga dzeropa)
• Tsinga

Rudzi urwu rwegomarara rinonzi sarcoma haruwanzoitiki. Kana tikatora huwandu hwegomarara hunowanikwa muvanhu vakuru, sarcoma ishoma, inenge 1%. Zvisinei, inenge 15% yegomarara rinoitika muvana rinogona kunge riri sarcoma. Munyika yakaita seAmerica, vanhu vanosvika 16,000 vanobatwa negomarara iri gore rega rega. Pavanhu ava, vanenge 4,000 magomarara anokura mumapfupa, uye anenge 13,000 magomarara anokura munyama dzakapfava.

Sarcoma inonyanya kuitika kupi?

Chimbofungai, sarcoma iyi inogona kukura chero kupi zvako pamuviri wedu, kubva mumusoro kusvika kutsoka dzedu. Zvisinei, kune dzimwe nzvimbo kwainonyanya kuonekwa:

• Anenge makumi mana kubva muzana (40%) azvo anowanikwa mutsoka dzedu (makumbo, zvitsitsinho, tsoka).
• Inenge 15 muzana (15%) inosanganisira maoko (mapendekete, maoko, zvigunwe, neminwe).
• Vanhu vanosvika makumi matatu kubva muzana (30%) vari munzvimbo dzakadai semuviri wedu, chipfuva, dumbu, uye chiuno.
• Inenge gumi neshanu muzana (15%) inosanganisira musoro nemutsipa.

Ndeapi marudzi eSarcoma?

Sarcoma haisi mhando imwe chete. Ishoko rakafara reboka guru rekenza rinokura mumapfupa nenyama dzakapfava. Kutaura zvazviri, mhando dzinopfuura makumi manomwe dzesarcoma dzakaonekwa. Dzakaoma zvikuru, handiti? Ngatitarisei mhando mbiri huru.

1. Matumbu eSarcoma

Iyi igomarara rinotanga zvakananga mumapfupa (`primary bone sarcoma`). Chikamu chimwe muzvitatu cherudzi urwu rwesarcoma chinowanikwa muvanhu vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu nemashanu. Rinogonawo kuonekwa muvana.

Mamwe emhando huru dzesarcoma yemapfupa ndeaya:

• Osteosarcoma(Uyu ndiwo rudzi runonyanya kuonekwa)
• Chondrosarcoma
• Chordoma
• Ewing's sarcoma
• Fibrosarcoma

Zvakakosha: Haasi magomarara ese anokura mumapfupa ari bone sarcoma. Dzimwe nguva, masero egomarara akatanga kune imwe nzvimbo mumuviri (senge mapapu, zamu, kana thyroid) anogona kufamba nemuropa opararira kumapfupa. Izvi zvinonzi metastatic bone cancer . Izvi zvakasiyana ne primary bone cancer.

2. Sarcomas dzenyama dzakapfava

Izvi zvinotanga mutsandanyama dzedu kana dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri. Kusiyana nesarcoma yemapfupa, sarcoma yetishu dzakapfava inonyanya kuwanikwa muvanhu vakuru. Zvisinei, dzimwe mhando, dzakadai serhabdomyosarcoma, dzinowanikwa zvakanyanya muvana.

Kune mhando dzakasiyana dze soft tissue sarcoma:

• Angiosarcoma
• Matumbu madiki emasero akatenderera eDesmoplastic
• Bundu remudumbu (GIST)
• Leiomyosarcoma
• Liposarcoma
• Bundu remutsinga weropa rakaipa
• Chirwere cheschwannoma chinouraya
• Myxofibrosarcoma
• Synovial sarcoma
• Sarcoma yepleomorphic isina musiyano

Tarisa kuti kune mhando dzakawanda sei! Hunhu uye nzira dzekurapa dzechimwe nechimwe cheizvi zvinogona kunge zvakasiyana zvishoma.

Ndiani ari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nesarcoma?

Sarcoma inogona kubata vana nevakuru. Sarcoma yemapfupa akapfava inowanikwa zvakanyanya muvakuru. Sarcoma yemapfupa, kune rumwe rutivi, inowanikwa zvakanyanya muvana, vechidiki, uye vanhu vane makore anopfuura 65. Dzimwe ongororo dzakaratidza kuti sarcoma yemapfupa inowanikwa zvakanyanya muvarume uye muvanhu vatema kana kuti vaHispanic.

Sei sarcoma iyi ichikura? Chii chinokonzera?

Iri ndiro dambudziko rine vanhu vazhinji. Sarcoma inokura kana paine shanduko dzakati wandei muruzivo rwemajini (DNA) emasero emapfupa asina kukura kana masero enyama yakapfava mumuviri wedu, uye masero iwayo anova masero ekenza. Zvadaro masero ekenza aya anotanga kupatsanuka nekukurumidza uye zvisingadzoreki. Pakupedzisira, masero aya anobatana kuti aumbe bundu. Bundu iri rinokura zvishoma nezvishoma uye rinogona kukuvadza nekupinda mumatishu akakomberedza ane hutano.

Kana izvi zvikasarapwa zvakanaka, masero egomarara anogona kupararira nemuropa redu kana mumasero eropa.Gomarara rinogona kufamba kuenda kunzvimbo dziri kure dzemuviri rokonzera bundu idzva. Izvi zvinonzi metastasis , kana kupararira kwegomarara. Kurapa magomarara akapararira nenzira iyi kwakaoma zvikuru.

Sezvakaita mamwe marudzi egomarara, vaongorori havasati vawana chikonzero chaicho chinoita kuti sero rine hutano rive sarcoma kamwe kamwe.

Ndezvipi zvinhu zvinokonzera sarcoma?

Kunyangwe pasina chikonzero chakananga, zvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera njodzi yekubatwa nesarcoma zvakawanikwa. Izvi ndeizvi:

• Kusangana nemamwe makemikari: Kusangana kwenguva refu nezvinhu zvakaita searsenic, mamwe makemikari anoshandiswa kugadzira mapurasitiki (semuenzaniso vinyl chloride monomer), mishonga yekuuraya sora (semuenzaniso phenoxyacetic acid), uye zvinochengetedza matanda (semuenzaniso chlorophenols).
• Kushandiswa kwemwaranzi: Kusangana nemwaranzi yakawanda senzira yekurapa kenza yekare.
• Lymphedema: Kuzvimba kwemaoko kana makumbo kwenguva refu.
• Zvimwe zvirwere zvemajini: Zvimwe zvirwere zvemajini uye shanduko dzemakromosomu zvinogara nhaka. Mienzaniso inosanganisira Gardner syndrome, Werner syndrome, von Hippel-Lindau disease, Gorlin syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, retinoblastoma, uye neurofibromatosis type 1. Izvi zvirwere zvisingawanzoitiki.

Kuva nezvinhu izvi zvine njodzi hazvirevi kuti uchazobatwa nesarcoma. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuti uzvizive.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveSarcoma? Unozviziva sei?

Zviratidzo zvesarcoma zvinosiyana zvikuru zvichienderana nekuti kenza iri kupi. Semuenzaniso, mamwe ma sarcoma anogona kusaratidza zviratidzo pakutanga. Mamwe anogona kunzwa sebundu risingarwadzi pasi peganda. Zvisinei, kurwadziwa kunotanga chete kana bundu racho rikakura rodzvanya tsinga nenhengo dziri pedyo.

Kune rumwe rutivi, mamwe ma sarcoma anogona kukonzera kurwadziwa kwenguva refu uye kuzvimba mumapfupa eruoko kana gumbo . Kurwadziwa uku kunogona kunyanya kuoma husiku . Izvi zvinogona kuita kuti zviome kufambisa ruoko kana gumbo rako uye kuita mabasa ezuva nezuva.

Zvimwe zviratidzo zvinowanzoonekwa ndeizvi:

• Bundu idzva kana kuzvimba (izvi zvingava zvinorwadza kana kuti zvisingarwadzi).
• Kurwadziwa kusingatsananguriki muruoko, gumbo, mudumbu, kana muchiuno.
• Kuomerwa nekufambisa ruoko kana gumbo (semuenzaniso, kukamhina, kufamba zvishoma).
• Kuderedza uremu pasina chikonzero.
• Kurwadziwa kwemusana (kunyanya kana kenza iri mumusana).

Yeuka kuti zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuonekwawo mune zvimwe zvirwere zvakawanda. Saka, usatya kufunga kuti i sarcoma nekuti une chiratidzo chakadai. Zvisinei, kuchenjera kuona chiremba wowana mazano.

Nzira yekuongorora sarcoma nemazvo sei? (Kuongororwa)

Kana uine zviratidzo zvakaita seizvi, chiremba wako achatanga akubvunza nezvezviratidzo zvako uye oita ongororo yemuviri. Zvadaro, vachafanira kuita mimwe miedzo yakakosha kuti vaone kana une sarcoma uye kuti rudzii rwesarcoma. Muedzo unonyanya kukosha ndeye biopsy.

Kuongororwa kweropa kunosanganisira kutora chidimbu chidiki chenyama kubva mubundu wochitumira kurabhoritari. Ikoko, nyanzvi inonzi pathologist inoongorora nyama yacho nemaikorosikopu kuti ione kana ine masero ekenza uye, kana zvakadaro, rudzii rwesarcoma. Ruzivo urwu ruchakubatsira kusarudza kurapwa kwakanakira iwe.

Mimwe miedzo ndeiyi:

• X-ray: Izvi zvinogona kutora mifananidzo yemapfupa nenyama dzakapfava.
• Kuongororwa kweCT (Computed Tomography scan): Izvi zvinotora maX-rays akatevedzana uye zvinogadzira maonero emukati memuviri.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Izvi zvinoshandisa magineti makuru, mafungu eredhiyo, nekombiyuta kuti zviratidze mifananidzo yakajeka uye yakadzama yemukati memuviri. Kana chimwe chinhu chisingawanzoonekwi paX-ray, unogona kukumbirwa kuti uite MRI.
• Kuongororwa kwemapfupa: Mukuita izvi, huwandu hushoma hwezvinhu zvine mwaranzi hunopinzwa mumuviri kuti zvibatsire kuona kusarongeka kwemapfupa (senge bone sarcoma).
• Kuongororwa kwePET (Positron Emission Tomography scan): Izvi zvinoshandisa rudzi rwakakosha rweglucose. Nekuti masero anokamura nekukurumidza, akadai semasero ekenza, anoshandisa shuga yakawanda, kuongororwa uku kunogona kuratidza nzvimbo dzemuviri dzine huwandu hweglucose hwakanyanya kukwira (uko kungave nemamota).

Matanho e sarcoma anoonekwa sei?

Kuziva danho regomarara kwakakosha zvikuru. Zvinobatsira kunzwisisa kuoma kwegomarara uye nzira dzakanakisisa dzekurapa. Mazhinji emasarcomas anorongwa zvichienderana nehurongwa hwekupatsanura hweTNM :

• T (Bundu): Izvi zvinoreva saizi nenzvimbo yebundu guru rekenza.
• N (MaNodes): Izvi zvinoreva kana kenza yakapararira kune ma lymph nodes ari pedyo .
• M (Metastasis): Izvi zvinoreva kana kenza yakapararira (yakapararira) kune dzimwe nhengo dziri kure mumuviri.

Pamusoro pezvo, vanachiremba vanopa kenza (Giredhi - G).Izvi zvinoreva kuti masero ekenza akafanana kana kuti akasiyana sei nemasero akajairwa. Kazhinji, kana masero ekenza akafanana nemasero akajairwa, fungidziro yacho inowedzera kunaka.

Vachishandisa ruzivo urwu rwese, vanachiremba vanoongorora danho resarcoma (nhamba kubva pa1 kusvika pa4). Nhamba yacho yakakura, saka kenza yacho inowedzera kukura munharaunda kana kupararira mumuviri wese.

Nzira dzekuongorora danho rechirwere ichi dzinogona kusiyana zvishoma pamhando yega yega yesarcoma. Saka, taura pachena nachiremba wako nezvedanho regomarara rako uye kuti richakanganisa sei kurapwa kwako uye kupora kwako mune ramangwana.

Ndeipi mishonga yekurapa Sarcoma?

Pakurapa sarcoma, haisi chiremba mumwe chete, asi chikwata chenyanzvi dzinoshanda pamwe chete. Chikwata ichi chinogona kusanganisira vanachiremba vekuvhiya, vanachiremba veX-ray, nyanzvi dzemajini, vanachiremba veOncologist, vanachiremba veX-ray, vanachiremba vePathology, vanachiremba vevana (vekenza yevana), vanachiremba vepfungwa, uye vashandi vemagariro evanhu.

Kurapwa kwaunowana kunoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira:

• Rudzi rweSarcoma.
• Kukura uye nzvimbo yebundu.
• Hutano hwako hwese.
• Kunyangwe sarcoma ichangobva kuongororwa kana kuti yakamboonekwa uye yakadzoka (inodzokororwa).

Dzimwe dzenzira huru dzekurapa ndedzinotevera:

1. Kuvhiyiwa

Mukuita izvi, vanachiremba vanoedza kubvisa masero ese ekenza uku vachichengetedza masero akawanda ane hutano sezvinobvira. Bundu rinobviswa nechikamu chisina kunaka chemasero ane hutano akakomberedza bundu ('wide local excision'). Izvi zvinoedza kubvisa masero madiki ekenza asingaonekwe zvakanaka pasina kusiya chero rimwe.

Dzimwe nguva, nzvimbo yakakanganiswa inofanira kugadziriswa patsva. Mukuvhiyiwa kwekuchengetedza makumbo, bundu rinobviswa uye, kana zvichidikanwa, joini rinovakwa patsva nesimbi inotsiva. Dzimwe nguva, pfupa kubva kune imwe nhengo yemuviri kana imwe graft inogona kushandiswa kutsiva pfupa rakabviswa. Zvisinei, mune dzimwe nguva, sarudzo yakachengeteka uye yakanakisisa ndeyekubvisa gumbo rakakanganiswa (kugurwa). Ichi chisarudzo chakaoma zvikuru.

2. Kurapa Nemwaranzi

Muizvi, maX-ray ane simba guru anoshandiswa kuparadza masero ekenza. Chinangwa ndechekuderedza kukuvara kwemasero ane hutano. Kurapa nemwaranzi kunogona kuitwa mukati (kuiswa mumuviri) kana kunze (kunobva kunze kwemuviri nemuchina). Tekinoroji yepamusoro yanhasi inobvumira kuti mwaranzi iendeswe zvakananga pakenza, ichichengetedza nyama yakakomberedza ine hutano.

Kurapa nemwaranzi kunoitwa mukati , kunonziwo brachytherapy , kunogona kushandiswa pakurapa sarcomas dzisina kupararira. Kunogona kupiwa panguva yekuvhiyiwa (intra-operative radiotherapy) kana kuburikidza nemachubhu epurasitiki (catheters) mushure mekuvhiyiwa (interstitial brachytherapy).

Kurapa nemwaranzi kunoshandiswawo kana kenza yapararira (chirwere chinopararira).

3. Kurapwa nemakemikari

Izvi zvinoshandisa mishonga inouraya masero ekenza anokamura nekukurumidza kana kunonoka kukura kwawo. Mishonga iyi inogona kupiwa netsinga kana semapiritsi anotorwa nemuromo. Inopihwa kuti ideredze bundu risati ravhiyiwa kana kuti kuuraya masero ekenza asara mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Dzimwe nguva, chemotherapy inopihwa pamwe chete nemwaranzi.

4. Kurapa Kwakanangwa

Uku kurapa kwakanyatsojeka. Kunoshandisa mishonga inotarisa kusasimba kwemasero ekenza pasina kukuvadza masero ane hutano. Zvisinei, kurapa uku kunoshanda chete pamhando dzemasero ekenza ane kusasimba ikoko kwakanangana. Chiremba wako anogona kukukurudzira sekurapa kumwe chete kana pamwe chete nedzimwe nzira dzekurapa.

5. Kurapa neImmunotherapy / Kurapa neBiologic

Izvi zvinosanganisira kusimbisa masoja emuviri wedu , kubatsira kuona nekurwisa masero ekenza. Masero ekenza anogona kuvanda masoja edu emuviri, kana kuamisa kushanda kwawo. Ndosaka masero ekenza achikura mumuviri. Immunotherapy inoshanda nekudzima nzira idzi dzekudzivirira masero ekenza uye kubatsira muviri wedu kurwisa kenza pachayo.

6. Kubvisa Kupisa

Dzimwe nguva, ma sarcoma anogona kuparadzwa nekudziisa kana kuaomesa nechando . Izvi zvinoitwa ne interventional radiologist, iyo inoshandisa scan (yakadai seCT scan) kuti iwane bundu racho nekuisa chinhu chakakosha (probe).

7. Kutarisirwa Kwevanhu Vasina Kurwara

Iyi haisi nzira yekurapa kenza. Asi inokosha zvikuru. Iyi inzira yekurapa yakasarudzika yevanhu vane zvirwere zvakakomba zvakaita sekenza. Chikwata chevanorapa varwere vadiki chinosanganisira vanachiremba, vanamukoti, vashandi vezvemagariro evanhu, uye nyanzvi dzezvekudya. Vanoshanda kuderedza zviratidzo uye kugadzirisa migumisiro yekurapa.Boka iri rinokubatsirawo kugadzirisa kushushikana nematambudziko anouya nekuongororwa kwegomarara uye kuchengetedza hupenyu hwako hwakanaka.

8. Miedzo yekiriniki

Chiremba wako anogonawo kukurudzira kuti utore chikamu mukuyedzwa kwekiriniki . Izvi zvidzidzo zvinoedza kuchengetedzeka uye kushanda kwemishonga mitsva yegomarara. Mishonga mitsva yesarcoma inogara iri muchikamu chekutsvagisa. Zvichienderana nekuongororwa kwako, rudzi urwu rwekuyedzwa runogona kuva sarudzo yako.

Hupenyu hwakaita sei neSarcoma? (Mwero wekurarama)

Uyu mubvunzo unobvunzwa nevanhu vazhinji. Mu soft tissue sarcoma, mwero wekurarama kwemakore mashanu unenge 81% kana kenza isina kupararira kune dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri (yakapararira). Zvisinei, muzviitiko zvekenza yakapararira, nhamba iyi inenge 15%. Mu osteosarcoma, rudzi rwakajairika rwe bone sarcoma, mwero wekurarama kwemakore mashanu unenge 77% kana kenza isina kupararira, uye muzviitiko zvekenza yakapararira, inenge 26%.

Zvisinei, usatore fungidziro yako kubva panhamba idzi chete. Mhedzisiro yako ichaenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira rudzi rwesarcoma yaunayo, kwairi, hutano hwako, uye maitiro aunoita kana warapwa. Chiremba wako ndiye munhu akakodzera kuziva ruzivo rwakakwana nezvemamiriro ako ezvinhu.

Ndeipi nguva dzakanakisa dzekuona chiremba?

Kana uine bundu idzva - ringave richirwadza kana kuti kwete - kunyanya kana rakakura sebhora regorofu (rinenge masendimita mashanu), enda kuna chiremba nekukasika. Uyewo, kana iwe kana mwana wako muine kurwadziwa kwemapfupa pasina kukuvara , uye kusingapore kwega, tsvagai mazano echiremba.

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira (Mharidzo Yekuenda Kumba)

Sarcoma haisi mhando imwe chete yegomarara. Iboka remhando dzakasiyana dzegomarara dzinogona kukura mumapfupa edu kana munyama dzakapfava. Zviratidzo zvinosiyana zvichienderana nekuti gomarara iri riri kupi. Kana ukaonekwa uine sarcoma, yeuka kuti nzira dzekurapa kwako uye mafambiro echirwere mune ramangwana zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakawanda. Chiremba wako anogona kukutsanangurira zvese izvi.

Usavhunduke, asi chenjera. Kana ukaona chimwe chinhu chisina kujairika, taura nachiremba nezvazvo. Kana chikaonekwa nekukurumidza, mukana wekuti kurapwa kubudirire.

Sarcoma , kenza, kenza yemapfupa, kenza yenyama yakapfava, zviratidzo zvekenza, kurapwa kwekenza, Sarcoma