Wakambonzwa nezvematombo eitsvo here? Iri idambudziko rinowanzoitika kune vamwe vanhu. Asi nhasi tichataura nezverudzi rwakakosha rwematombo eitsvo. Iri rinonzi Staghorn Calculus . Zita racho rinonzwika serisinganzwisisike, handiti? "Staghorn" zvinoreva nyanga dzemhara. Matombo aya anowana zita rawo nekuti anobuda opararira mukati meitsvo senyanga dzemhara. Unogonawo kuafunga sematombo ekorari mugungwa.

Chii chinonzi Staghorn Calculus?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, staghorn calculus rudzi rwedombo reitsvo (calculus zvinoreva dombo). Asi iri harina kufanana nemamwe matombo madiki akajairika. Rinogona kukura, kubuda, uye kupararira mugwara guru (renal pelvis) uye mugwara diki (calyces) rinounganidza weti muitsvo . Fungidzira kuti dai itsvo yaive sefekitori inogadzira weti, dombo iri raizove rakaita sechivharo chikuru mugwara refekitori iyoyo.

Chinonyanya kukonzera matombo aya izvirwere zvemudumbu zvinowanzo itika (UTIs) . Matombo anoumbwa nekuda kwezvirwere zvakadaro anowanzo gadzirwa nekemikari inonzi struvite . Uyu musanganiswa wemagnesium, phosphate, uye ammonium. Dzimwe nguva, dombo diki rinogona kukura nekufamba kwenguva rozobuda kuita dombo re staghorn seriri. Kana izvozvo zvikaitika, anogona kuumbwa kana struvite ikasanganiswa necalcium phosphate, calcium oxalate , kana calcium carbonate apatite.

Kazhinji, rudzi urwu rwedombo runoumba itsvo imwe chete. Zvisinei, kashoma, chirwere ichi chinogona kuitika muitsvo dzese dziri mbiri. Matombo aya anogona kukonzera kukanganiswa kukuru kwebasa reitsvo, uye anogona kutokonzera kutadza kushanda zvakanaka kweitsvo .

Ndiani anogona kukura zvakanyanya pamatombo aya emhuka dzemhara?

Vamwe vanhu vari panjodzi huru yekuwana matombo aya e staghorn. Ngatitarisei kuti ndivanaani:

• Kuvakadzi: Chirwere ichi chinowanzoitika kuvakadzi kupfuura kuvarume.
• Kune avo vanowanzo batwa nezvirwere zvemudumbu (UTIs): Sezvambotaurwa, ichi ndicho chikonzero chikuru.
• Kune avo vane chimiro chisina kujairika kana shanduko muhurongwa hweweti: Kana paine kusasimba pakuyerera kweweti, zviri nyore kugadzira matombo.
• Kune avo vane kukuvara kwemusana.
• Kune avo vane dundira rinokonzera tsinga: Izvi zvinoreva avo vane basa risina kunaka nekuda kwekukuvara kwetsinga.

Matombo e staghorn anokanganisa sei miviri yedu?

Matombo aya e staghorn anogona kukonzera kuvharika kweitsvo zvachose kana kuti chikamu chayo. Funga nezvayo sechinhu chikuru chinovhara pombi yemvura. Matavi edombo iri anotambanukira muchiuno cheitsvo , chikamu chakaita sefunnel cheitsvo chinounganidza weti. Kubva ipapo, weti,Inoenda kudundira ichishandisa machubhu maviri matete anonzi maureter. Saka kana pelvis yeitsvo kana ureter zvikavharika, itsvo inotanga kuzvimba.

Uyewo, matombo aya anogona kuvhara ma calyces eitsvo, uko weti inotanga kuungana. Kana ma calyces akazvimba nekuda kwemvura yakawandisa, inonzi caliectasis . Kana izvi zvikasarapwa zvakanaka, itsvo dzinogona kutadza kushanda.

Ndezvipi zviratidzo zveizvi?

Kana uine dombo re staghorn muitsvo yako, unogona kuona zviratidzo zvakaita se:

• Kupindwa nechando.
• Kurwadziwa kweparutivi pakati pembabvu nechiuno. Izvi zvinogonawo kunzwa sekurwadza kwemusana.
• Ropa muweti (hematuria). Weti inogona kutsvuka kana kusviba.
• Urwa ne weti (pyuria). Weti inogona kunge yakaita seyemukaka, uye inogona kunge iine hwema hwakaipa.
• Kunzwa kuneta zvakanyanya.

Dzimwe nguva matombo makuru aya anogona kunge aripo asi asina zviratidzo . Ndicho chinhu chine njodzi zvikuru. Matombo aya anogona kuwanikwa netsaona panguva yekuyedzwa kwechirwere nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero.

Sei matombo achida kudai? Ndezvipi zvinokonzera?

Sezvambotaurwa, zvirwere zvemudumbu (UTIs) zvinowanzo kukonzera chirwere ichi. Zvikuru sei, mamwe marudzi emabhakitiriya anokonzera chirwere ichi anogadzira enzyme inonzi urease . Semuenzaniso, mabhakitiriya anonzi Proteus mirabilis . Iyi enzyme inoderedza acidity (pH) yeweti yako, zvinoreva kuti inova alkaline yakawanda. Zvadaro, makristaro anoumbwa, ayo anoungana pamwe chete otanga kuumba matombo eitsvo.

Kune zvimwe zvikonzero zvakare:

• Kusiyana kwemaumbirwo: Vamwe vanhu vanowanzoita matombo nekuda kwekusawirirana kwavakaberekwa nako muhurongwa hwavo hweweti.
• Kuvharika kwenzira yeweti.
• Kushandisa catheter yeweti kwenguva yakareba.
• Kana wakamboitwa weti yekubviswa kwetsvina.
• Dambudziko rematumbu.
• Kuva nematombo eitsvo asina kurapwa kwenguva yakareba. Matombo madiki anogona kukura uye kukonzera chirwere ichi.

Vanachiremba vanoona sei izvi?

Kana uine zviratidzo, chiremba achatanga akubvunza mibvunzo uye oita bvunzo yemuviri. Vanogona kuraira bvunzo dzakadai se:

• Kuongororwa kweitsvo neX-ray: Matombo eStaghorn anowanzo kuve ma radiopaque . Izvi zvinoreva kuti matombo aya haaonekwe neX-rays saka anoonekwa zvakajeka pamufananidzo weX-ray.
• Bvunzo reCT Scan (Computed Tomography - CT scan):Izvi zvinoita kuti tione saizi, chimiro, uye nzvimbo yedombo zvakajeka. Kazhinji, CT scan inoitwa kana paine chinofungidzirwa kuti ibwe re staghorn.
• Kuongororwa kweweti: Tarisa kana paine hutachiona, ropa, kana hurwa.

Inorapwa sei?

Kurapa matombo e staghorn kunowanzo sanganisira kuvhiyiwa . Dombo racho rinofanira kubviswa zvachose, kwete kunyange zvidimbu zvidiki. Zvikasadaro, zvidimbu zvidiki izvozvo zvinogona kukonzera utachiona uye matombo matsva anoumbwa.

Zvakakosha: Matombo eStaghorn chirwere chinogona kukuvadza itsvo, saka kana chiremba akakurudzira kurapwa, zvakanaka kuzviita nekukurumidza.

Kune nzira dzinoverengeka dzekurapa dzinoshandiswa:

1. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL)

Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa kubvisa matombo e staghorn. PCNL inzira inobvisa matombo makuru muitsvo, matombo akakura zvakanyanya zvekuti haakwanise kupinda nemuweti.

• Zvinoitwa sei?: Chiremba anochekwa diki kumusana kwako, pedyo neitsvo yako. Chubhu diki inopinzwa kwenguva pfupi nepakati pekucheka muitsvo yako. Zvadaro, mudziyo wakakosha une kamera unonzi nephroscope unopinzwa nepakati pechubhu kuti uwane dombo uye woripwanya kuita zvidimbu kana kuribvisa zvachose.
• Anesthesia: Kuvhiyiwa uku kunoitwa pasi peanesthesia yakajairika .
• Kugara muchipatara: Unowanzogara muchipatara kwezuva rimwe kana maviri. Dzimwe nguva, chubhu diki yekubuditsa mvura inogona kusiiwa kwemazuva mashoma kusvika itsvo yapora. Zvisinei, kazhinji, stent yeureteral , chubhu diki inogara mumuviri, inoiswa panzvimbo payo.

2. Chii chinonzi stent yemu ureteral?

Ungave wakambonzwa nezve "kuvhiyiwa kusina machubhu," zvinoreva kuti chubhu yekubuda mvura inosara kumashure mushure mekuvhiyiwa kwePCNL. Zvisinei, stent inogona kuiswa mukati.

Stent yemuuro ichubhu diki yepurasitiki inoiswa mukati meuro , chubhu inotakura weti kubva kuitsvo kuenda kudundira. Inoiswa:

• Kana itsvo yako yakavharwa, kungave nekuda kwedombo kana chimwe chinhu chakavharika, batsira kuibvisa.
• Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, ureter inofanira kuchengetwa yakavhurika kuti ibatsire weti kuyerera zvakanaka.

Stent iyi inowanzo bviswa mukati memavhiki mashoma.

3. Kurapwa kweUreteroscopy

Kuvhiya ureteroscopy inzira iyo chiremba anopinda muureter , machubhu anobatanidza itsvo nedundira. Izvi zvinoshandisawo midziyo midiki kwazvo. Izvi zvinonzi ureterorenoscopy.Unogona zvakare kunzwa URS kana U-scope .

Rudzi rwakakosha rweizvi i flexible ureteroscopy , inozivikanwawo se retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) . Izvi zvinosanganisira kuisa zvishandiso kuburikidza ne urethra pasina kuchekwa uye kupinda muitsvo kurapa matombo. Maitiro aya anowanzo shandiswa pamatombo madiki kana zvidimbu zvidiki zvinosara mushure mePCNL. PCNL ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa pamatombo e staghorn.

4. Dzimwe Nzira dzeLithotripsy

Kune dzimwe nzira dzekupwanya matombo. Semuenzaniso, nzira dzelaser dzakadai seHolmium laser lithotripsy kana Thulium fiber laser lithotripsy dzinogona kushandiswa kupwanya matombo. Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nePCNL kana Ureteroscopy.

5. Kurapa kwakasanganiswa

Dzimwe nguva, nzira imwe chete yekurapa ingasakwanise kubvisa dombo zvachose. Kana zvakadaro, mishonga yakawanda ingangoda kushandiswa pamwe chete.

Ziva: Mishonga yese ine njodzi. Zvidimbu zvidiki zvematombo zvinogona kusara. Panogona kubuda ropa. Mushure mekuvhiyiwa, chiremba wako achakupa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nemishonga inoderedza marwadzo. Panewo njodzi yehutachiona nekuti weti haina kuchena.

Ndingaderedza sei njodzi yekuti matombo aya adzoke mushure mekurapwa?

Kana dombo rabviswa, unogona kuedza kuridzivirira kuti risaumbwe zvakare. Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinogona kubatsira:

• Kutevera mazano chaiwo ekudya kubva kuna chiremba wako: Chiremba wako achakuudza zvekudya nezvausingafaniri kudya zvichienderana nerudzi rwedombo. Semuenzaniso, vanogona kukuudza kuti unwe mvura yakawanda.
• Kutora mishonga inodzivirira urease yakaita seacetohydroxamic acid : Iyi haiwanzopihwa, kunyanya kuvanhu vanogadzira matombo estruvite, kuti vavhare enzyme yeurease.
• Kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kudzivirira hutachiona: Kana uchigara uchirwara nehutachiona hwemunzira yeweti, chiremba wako anogona kukukurudzira kuti urambe uchitora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nedosi shoma.

Chii chinoitika kana uine dombo re staghorn? Ko kana rikasarapwa?

Kana uine dombo re staghorn uye ukarapwa zvakanaka , uchakwanisa kuita weti zvakanaka uye kurwadziwa kuchapera. Ungangowana dombo zvakare kana kusawana. Rinosiyana kubva pamunhu nemunhu.

Zvisinei, kana dombo re staghorn rikasarapwa , rinogona kukonzera matambudziko akadai se:

• Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: Uku hutachiona hwakakomba hweitsvo. Hunogona kukonzera sepsis.Utachiona hunogona kupararira mumuviri wese.
• Caliectasis: Kuzvimba kwemasero eitsvo nekuda kwekusachengetwa kwemvura mumuviri.
• Kutadza kushanda kweitsvo: Itsvo dzinorasikirwa nekugona kwadzo kusefa tsvina. Izvi zvinogona kuuraya.
• Urosepsis: Kutapukira kwakanyanya kwemudumbu weti. Izvi zvinogonawo kuuraya.

Zvisinei, kana vamwe vanhu vari mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kuvhiyiwa hakugoneki (nekuda kwezera kana zvimwe zvirwere), vanogona kurarama nekurapwa pasina kuvhiyiwa (conservative management) vachitarisirwa nachiremba nguva dzose.

Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kuti upore?

Nguva yekupora inosiyana zvichienderana nekurapwa. Kana ukavhiyiwa kwakakura, zvinotora nguva yakareba kuti upore. Zvisinei, nemaitiro asina kunyanya kupindira akadai sePCNL, unogona kudzokera kumba zuva rimwe chete. Chiremba wako achakuudza kuti ungadzokera riini kubasa, kuchikoro, uye kumabasa ekutakura zvinorema.

Unofanira kuona chiremba rini?

Mushure mekurapa staghorn stone, ona chiremba kana enda kuchipatara nekukasika kana uine chimwe chezviratidzo izvi:

• Kana uine fivha inodarika madhigirii Fahrenheit zana (anenge madhigirii Celsius 37.8).
• Kana uchinzwa kutonhora uye kudedera (kutonhora/kuzununguka).
• Kana kubuda ropa kusingamire kana kuwedzera.
• Kana kurwadziwa kusingaderere kana kuwedzera.
• Kana usingakwanise kuita weti.

Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvekurangarira

Matombo eStaghorn, semamwe matombo eitsvo, anogona kunetsa uye kurwadza zvishoma. Asi musazvidya moyo. Chiremba wenyu anogona kukuongororai uye kukupai mhinduro yakanakisisa. Kazhinji, mhinduro iyoyo ingave kuvhiyiwa. Zvakakosha kurapa matombo eStaghorn kana zvichibvira kudzivirira kutadza kushanda kweitsvo.

Tevedzera kudya kwachiremba wako, kurovedza muviri, nemimwe mirairo zvakanyatsonaka. Ipapo unogona kupora nekukurumidza uye kuramba uine hutano hwakanaka. Wanzwisisa here? Kana uine mibvunzo, usatya kubvunza chiremba wako.

Matombo eitsvo , staghorn calculi, hutachiona hwenzira yeurinary, PCNL, kuvhiyiwa kweitsvo, chirwere cheitsvo, system yeurinary