Wakambozvibvunza here kana waigona kuona mavara akawanda kupfuura mavara manomwe emuraraungu? Kana kuti wakambopopotedzana neshamwari yako nezveruvara rwedhirezi, uchiti, "Kwete, kwete, iri ndiro ruvara urwu," kana kuti "Oh, kwete, iri ndiro ruvara urwu?" Kana zvakadaro, ungave uine simba guru risingawanzoonekwi, rakakosha. Nhasi tiri kutaura nezvekugona kuona mavara nenzira isingawanzoitiki. Tinodaidza izvi kuti tetrachromacy.

Chii chinonzi Tetrachromacy?

Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, tetrachromacy chirwere chisingawanzoitiki, chinonzwa zvakanyanya kuona mavara chinoitika mune vamwe vakadzi chete. Hachisi chirwere, asi hunhu.

Mukati memaziso edu, mune chikamu chinonzi retina. Chine mhando dzakasiyana dzemasero anoona chiedza. Tinodaidza aya ma photoreceptors. Kune mhando mbiri dzemasero aya. Rimwe ma cones, uye rimwe ma rods. Rods dzinotibatsira kuona mutema nemuchena uye muchiedza chisina kujeka. Ma cones ndiwo anonyanya kukonzera kuona ruvara.

Kazhinji, tese tine marudzi matatu emasero ekoni mumaziso edu. Tichishandisa matatu aya, tinogona kusiyanisa nekuziva mavara angangoita miriyoni.

Zvisinei, vanhu vane tetrachromacy vane marudzi mana emasero ekoni mumaziso avo. Nekuda kwesero rekona rechina iroro, vanogona kuona mazana emamiriyoni emavara, ayo anopfuura kanenge zana kupfuura munhuwo zvake. Fungidzira, vanogona kuona zviuru zvemavara akasiyana nekuda kweruvara rutsvuku rwatinoona.

Sero rechina rekoni iri rinoshanda sei?

Kutanga, ngatitarisei mhando nhatu dzema cone cells atinowanzova nawo tese.

• Makoni ane ruvara rutsvuku (L-cones): Aya anonzi makoni e'L' (marefu) nekuti makoni matsvuku ane urefu hwewavelength.
• Makone eM-anonzwa ruvara rwegirini: Aya anonzi makone eM-anosvika pakati nekuti ari pakati pekuona.
• Inonzwa bhuruu (S-cones): Idzi dzinonzi 'S' (Short) cones nekuti bhuruu ine urefu hupfupi hwemafungu.

Munhu ane tetrachromacy ane rudzi rwechina rwema cone cell pamusoro pemhando nhatu idzi. Izvi zvinowanzo nyanya kunzwisiswa nerudzi rwema cone cell ari pakati petsvuku negirini, kana orenji. Iyi extra cone cell inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemajini .

Zvino ungave uchishamisika kuti, ungaona sei mavara akawanda kudaro nesero rimwe chete rekoni? Fungidzira uri kupenda. Une mavara matatu ekutanga (tsvuku, bhuruu, girini). Unogona kugadzira mavara akawanda nekuasanganisa pamwe chete. Zvino kana uine ruvara rwechina rwekutanga (yero, semuenzaniso), ungakwanisa kugadzira mavara mangani matsva? Ndizvo zvinoitika muuropi. Ruzivo runobva kusero rekoni rekuwedzera runosanganiswa neruzivo runobva kune mamwe masero ekoni, uye uropi hunogadzira nyika ine mavara akadzama.

Sei izvi zvichiwanzoitika kuvakadzi chete?

Ichi ndicho chikamu chinonakidza zvikuru cheizvi. Chikonzero cheizvi chine chekuita nemachromosome edu.

Jini rinodzora masero ekoni anotibatsira kuona zvitsvuku negirini riri paX chromosome .

Sezvamunoziva, murume ane chromosome imwe chete yeX uye imwe chete yeY (XY). Saka, kana jini iroro riri pachromosome imwe chete yeX rikachinja, masero ake ese matsvuku/girini anozochinjwa. Ndosaka varume vachiwanzova nedambudziko rekusaona mavara.

Zvisinei, vakadzi vane ma chromosome maviri eX (XX). Saka, imwe X chromosome inogona kuva negene rakajairika uye imwe X chromosome inogona kuva negene rakachinja. Kana zvakadaro, maziso emukadzi anogona kugadzira masero econe akajairwa uye mamwe masero econe anokonzerwa negene rakachinja. Vakadzi vanosvika 12% vane gene iri.

1. Sero rechina rekoni rinofanira kunge richinzwa mafrequency akasiyana: Kana sero idzva rekoni richinzwa mavara akafanana nemamwe masero ekoni, uropi hahuzogamuchire rumwe ruzivo. Saka hapana musiyano uchaitika.

2. Uropi hunoda nzira ina dzemavara: Uropi hwemunhu hunowanzogadzirwa kuti hugadzirise ruzivo huchishandisa nzira nhatu dzemavara. Saka kunyangwe paine sero rechina rekoni, kana uropi husina nzira yechina yekugamuchira ruzivo irworwo, hahugoni kushandisa mukana iwoyo wekuwedzera.

Saka, vanhu vane chiono ichi chine mavara akawanda havawanzoonekwi zvakanyanya.

Saka, haugone here kuita bvunzo online kuti uone kana uine hunyanzvi uhwu?

Kana ukatsvaga pa internet kuti "Une tetrachromacy here?" uchawana bvunzo dzakawanda. Asi hapana kana imwe yadzo iri chaiyo .

Chikonzero cheizvi chiri nyore. Sikirini pafoni yako, patablet, kana pakombuta inoumbwa nematanho matatu chete emavara: mapikiseli matsvuku, egirini, uye ebhuruu (RGB). Saka, hazvigoneke kuyedza maziso ako nematanho mana emavara pachidzitiro chinoshandisa nzira nhatu dzemavara chete.

Miedzo yechokwadi ye tetrachromacy inoitwa nemasayendisiti mumarabhoritari, vachishandisa michina yepamusoro-soro inodhura , bvunzo dzeDNA, uye nzvimbo dzechiedza dzinodzorwa.

Munhu ane tetrachromacy anoona sei nyika?

Ichi chinhu chakaoma kuti tinzwisise chaizvo. Nekuti mavara chiitiko chinobva pane zvauri kuona. Zvaunoona seruvara rutsvuku hazvisirizvo zvandiri kuona. Pane musiyano mudiki.

Asi kana ukatarisa nhamba, heino musiyano.

Paunotarisa chati iyi, unoona musiyano, handiti? Unyanzvi hunoshamisa zvechokwadi. Vanhu ava vanogona kuona mavara akawanda kanopfuura mazana ezviuru muruva, mufananidzo, kana kunyura kwezuva kupfuura anogona kuonekwa nemunhuwo zvake.

Saka kana uchifungidzira kuti une hunyanzvi uhwu, kunyangwe zvakaoma kuhuratidza, fara kuti nyika yaunoona ine mavara akasiyana-siyana. Zvechokwadi chipo chakakosha chinobva kune zvakasikwa. Kana uchinzwa dambudziko kana shanduko mukuona kwako mavara, zvakanaka kutaura nachiremba wako, kunyanya chiremba wemaziso, nezvazvo.