Zvakajairika kunzwa wakaremerwa uye uchinetseka kana mwana wako akaonekwa aine Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Ungave uine mibvunzo yakawanda mupfungwa dzako, yakadai sekuti "Ndoita sei izvozvi?" "Remangwana remwana wangu richave rakaita sei?" Asi usazvidya mwoyo. Chinhu chakakosha ndechekuti hausi wega, uye kune mishonga yakawanda iripo nhasi inogona kubatsira vana ava kukudziridza hunyanzvi hwavo, kugadzirisa zviratidzo zvavo, uye kurarama hupenyu huri nani.
Autism haisi chirwere chinokwana vanhu vose. Zvakafanana ne spectrum. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vamwe vana vanogona kunge vaine zviratidzo zvishoma, nepo vamwe vangave nezviratidzo zvakanyanya. Nokudaro, kurapwa kwakafanana kune mumwe mwana kungasakodzera mumwe. Kurapwa kunosarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemwana wako, matambudziko ake, uye simba rake. Chinangwa chikuru chekurapa uku ndechekuderedza zviratidzo zvemwana wako uye kupa rutsigiro rwakanyanya pakudzidza kwake nekukura kwake kwese.
Kurapa kunovandudza maitiro nekutaurirana
Aya ndiwo marapirwo makuru uye anonyanya kukosha ekurapa autism. Anoedza kuvandudza hunyanzvi hwemwana hwekushamwaridzana nevamwe, hunyanzvi hwekutaurirana, uye maitiro ake.
Kuongorora Maitiro Anoshandiswa (ABA)
Iyi inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikoro nemakiriniki. Muchidimbu, inobatsira kuwedzera maitiro akanaka emwana uye kuderedza maitiro akaipa . Nzira iyi inogona kukudziridza hunyanzvi hwakasiyana-siyana, uye kune nzira dzakasiyana dzinogona kushandiswa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemwana.
- Kudzidziswa Kwekuedza Kwakavanzika (DTT): Izvi zvinosanganisira kukudziridza hunyanzvi kuburikidza nezvidzidzo zviri nyore uye kusimbisa zvakanaka kana mwana akaita chimwe chinhu zvakanaka.
- Kudzidziswa Kunopa Mhinduro Yakakosha (PRT): Chinangwa cheizvi ndechekukurudzira mwana kudzidza nekutaurirana nevamwe.
- Kupindira Kwepfungwa Dzekutanga MuTens Ve Behavioral Intervention (EIBI): Iyi ndiyo nzira inoshanda zvikuru kuvana vadiki vari pasi pemakore mashanu.
- Kupindira muMaitiro Ekutaura (VBI): Izvi zvinonyanya kutarisisa kukudziridza hunyanzvi hwemutauro nekutaura hwemwana.
| Nzira yekurapa | Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore... |
|---|---|
| Nguva yekushanda pasi (DIR format) | Mukuita izvi, vabereki vanogara pasi nemwana wavo vachitamba nemitambo yaanofarira. Chinangwa ndechekupinda munyika yemwana uye kutamba naye, vachivandudza manzwiro ake nehunyanzvi hwekutaurirana. |
| Nzira yekudzidzisa | Iyi inzira yakavakirwa pazviratidzo zvinoonekwa. Semuenzaniso, makadhi emifananidzo anoshandiswa kudzidzisa mabasa ezuva nezuva nhanho nhanho, akadai sekupfeka chipfeko. |
| PECS (Sisitimu Yekutaurirana Nekuchinjana Mifananidzo) | Iyi inzira yekuonawo. Asi pano, pachinzvimbo chemifananidzo, zviratidzo zvakakosha zvinoshandiswa. Kuburikidza nezviratidzo izvi, mwana anodzidza kubvunza mibvunzo uye kukumbira zvaanoda. |
| Kurapa Kwebasa | Kurapa uku kunodzidzisa mwana hunyanzvi hwekurarama hwakadai sekudya, kupfeka, uye kugeza ega. Chinangwa ndechekubatsira mwana kurarama ari ega sezvinobvira. |
| Kurapa Kwekubatanidza Kunzwa | Vamwe vana havadi mwenje wakajeka, mamwe manzwi, kana kubatwa, uye vanotanga kunetseka. Kurapa uku kunovabatsira kubata nekunzwisisa ruzivo rwakadaro. |
Rutsigiro kubva kuMishonga
Chinhu chekutanga chekurangarira ndechekuti hapana mushonga we autism, uye hapana mushonga chaiwo we autism.
Saka, sei vanachiremba vachinyora mishonga? Mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa mamwe matambudziko anogona kuitika ne autism. Semuenzaniso, hasha dzakawandisa uye hunhu hwehasha hunosangana nevamwe vana, kushaya hope, nezvimwewo.Mishonga inogona kubatsira kudzora mamiriro ezvinhu akadai sekusagadzikana kwepfungwa, pfari, kana kuora mwoyo.
Ongororo yakaratidza kuti mhedzisiro yacho inobudirira zvikuru kana mishonga ikapihwa pamwe chete nemishonga yemaitiro yataurwa pamusoro apa.
Parizvino, FDA muUnited States yakangobvumidza mhando mbiri dzemishonga yevana vane autism.
1. Risperidone (Risperdal): Iyi inorayirwa kuderedza hasha dzakawandisa uye hasha muvana vari pakati pemakore mashanu negumi nematanhatu.
2. Aripiprazole (Abilify): Mushonga uyu unogona kupihwa kuvana vane makore ari pakati pe6 ne17.
Pamusoro peizvi, dzimwe nguva vanachiremba vanogona kunyora mimwe mishonga (semuenzaniso SSRIs, mishonga yekudzivirira kuzvidya mwoyo), asi haibvumidzwe zvakananga kune autism.
Saka, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti chiremba wako chete ndiye anofanira kusarudza kana mwana wako achida mushonga, uye kana zvakadaro, kuti womupa chii. Usambofa wakapa mwana wako mushonga usina kupiwa mazano nachiremba.
Ngatichenjerereiwo nezvekudya zvinovaka muviri
Nyanzvi hadzina kukurudzira kudya kwakanangana nevana vane autism, asi zvakakosha kuti mwana awane kudya kwakakodzera.
Vamwe vabereki vanoedza kubvisa zvigadzirwa zvegorosi zvine gluten uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvine casein kubva mukudya kwevana vavo kuti vaone kana zviratidzo zvichivandudzika. Zvisinei, hapana tsvakurudzo yesainzi yakaratidza kuti kubvisa zvekudya izvi kunopa kuvandudzwa kwakajeka kwezviratidzo zve autism.
Kutaura zvazviri, kurambidza zvinhu zvakaita semukaka kunogona kushaisa mwana zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa pakukura kwemapfupa uye kushayisa mapfupa ake simba. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti vana vane autism vanowanzova nemapfupa akatetepa zvishoma pane evana vakajairwa, saka zvakakosha kuvapa chikafu chakapfuma mucalcium, iyo inosimbisa mapfupa.
Saka, zvakanaka kubvunza nyanzvi yezvekudya kana nyanzvi yezvekudya kuti ugadzire hurongwa hwekudya hune hutano hunoenderana nezvinodiwa nemwana wako. Ipapo unogona kuva nechokwadi chekuti mwana wako ari kuwana zvese zvinovaka muviri zvaanoda.
Mharidzo Yekuenda Nayo Kumba
- Autism haisi chirwere, asi chirwere chinogona kurapwa nekurapwa. Musazvidya mwoyo, kune nzira dzakawanda dzekubatsira mwana wenyu.
- Mwana wese akasiyana, saka hurongwa hwekurapa hunosiyana kubva pamwana kuenda kumwana. Taura nachiremba wako kuti usarudze chinonyatso shanda zvakanaka kumwana wako.
- Kurapa kwemaitiro nekutaurirana ndiyo nzira huru yekurapa. Izvi zvinopa rutsigiro rukuru pakukura kweunyanzvi hwemwana.
- Hapana mushonga chaiwo we autism. Mishonga inongopihwa kudzora zvimwe zviratidzo zvine chekuita nayo (sekutsamwa, kushaya hope). Usape chero mushonga usina kupihwa mazano nachiremba.
- Usaedze kudya zvisina kusimbiswa (senge kusina gluten). Taura nachiremba wako kana nyanzvi yezvekudya nezvekudya kwakaringana.
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