Xana Acetylcholine (ACh) i yini? A hi kumeni kahle leswi yi swi endlaka emirini wa hina!

Xana u tshame u twa hi ta acetylcholine , kumbe (ACh)? Kumbexana dokodela wa wena u ku byerile hi mhaka leyi, kumbe u hlayile hi yona kun’wana. I khemikhali leyitsongo kambe ya nkoka swinene emirini wa hina. Swi fana ni mutirhi lontsongo wa poso loyi a rhwalaka marungula endzeni ka miri wa hina. Kutani, namuntlha hi ta vulavula hi acetylcholine hi ndlela yo olova leyi u nga yi twisisaka.

Xana kahle-kahle Acetylcholine i yini?

Hi ku olova, acetylcholine i xiaki xa misiha . Ehleketa hi swona, byongo bya wena byi lava ku rhumela marungula lamantsongo ya gezi ku fambisa voko ra wena, ku ehleketa, ku tsundzuka swo karhi, hinkwaswo leswi. Acetylcholine i murhumiwa wa tikhemikhali loyi a pfunetaka ku rhwala marungula wolawo hi tisele ta misiha .

Leswi swi tlhela swi vuriwa " excitatory " neurotransmitter . Xana wa swi tiva leswaku sweswo i yini? Yi "pfuxa" sele ya misiha, hi leswaku, yi yi hlohlotela, naswona yi endla leswaku yi "rhumela" marungula hi ku hatlisa. Swi fana na ku gongondza enyangweni wa munhu loyi a etleleke u ku, "Hi loyi, teka papila leri."

Vito ra acetylcholine ri huma eka swilo swimbirhi leswi endlaka leswaku yi va. Yin'wana i ntlawa wa acetyl . Leswi swi huma eka nkatsakanyo lowu vuriwaka acetyl coenzyme A, lowu endliwaka hi chukele ra glucose. Yin'wana i swakudya leswi vuriwaka choline . Choline yi kumeka hi ntumbuluko eka swiphemu swa tandza, soya, xivindzi, matsavu na ti legumes. Choline yi tlhela yi endliwa eka xivindzi xa hina.

Acetylcholine yi katseka eka mintirho yo tala ya nkoka emirini wa hina, ngopfu-ngopfu ku famba-famba ka misiha hi ku tirhandzela.Leswi swi hoxa xandla swinene eka swiendlo swa hina leswi twisisekaka, swo tanihi ku fambisa swirho swa hina ni ku famba. Yi hlohlotela tisele ta misiha eka misiha ya hina, yi endla leswaku ti hlangana. A hi swona ntsena, kambe i swa nkoka swinene eka tisele ta misiha ebyongweni bya hina, na le ka maendlelo yo fana na ku tsundzuka, ku ehleketa na ku dyondza.

Xana acetylcholine (ACh) yi tirha njhani?

Acetylcholine yi hlayisiwa emakumu ka tisele ta misiha, ku kondza ku laveka ku rhumeriwa rungula. Loko ku fika “xikombiso” xo rhumela rungula, acetylcholine leyi leyi hlayisiweke ya humesiwa. Loko se yi ntshunxiwile, yi famba yi ya eka xivandla lexitsongo exikarhi ka tisele timbirhi ta misiha. Xivandla lexi xi vuriwa synaptic cleft .

Endzhaku ko tsemakanya synaptic cleft, kuna tinxaka timbirhi ta ti receptors leti acetylcholine yinga tihlanganisaka na tona. Hi vona:

• Ti- receptor ta nicotine
• Switwi swa muscarinic

Endzhaku ko boha eka ti- receptor leti, rungula ra tikhemikhali ri famba ri ya eka sele ya misiha leyi landzelaka. Endzhaku ka loko rungula ri rhumeriwile, acetylcholine leyi salaka eka synaptic cleft a yi fambi ntsena. Enzyme yin’wana leyi vuriwaka acetylcholinesterase yifika naswona yi hahlula acetylcholine leyi kuya ehansi kuya eka swiphemu leswi yi vumbeke, choline na acetate. Kutani swiphemu leswi leswi onhakeke swa tlhela swi tswongiwa, swi tlhela swi tirhisiwa ivi swi tirhisiwa ku rhwala rungula rin’wana ra tikhemikhali. Endlelo leri tirhaka kahle swinene!

Xana ku humelela yini hi acetylcholine (ACh)?

Acetylcholine yina swipfuno swotala eka miri wa hina. A hi languteni eka letikulu.

Tinxaka leti hatimbirhi ta ti- receptor ta katseka eku tsundzukeni ka hina . Hi leswaku, i swa nkoka eka ku tsundzuka nkarhi wo leha, ku tsundzuka nkarhi wo koma, ku vumbiwa ka miehleketo, ku hlanganisiwa ka swona na ku vuyisa ka swona. Endzeni ka byongo, acetylcholine yi katseka eka swilo swin’wana. Swi tlakusa nsusumeto, ku tsakela/ku nyikela nyingiso, ku dyondza, na vurhongo bya REM (xiteji xa vurhongo lexi hi lorhaka eka xona).

Hi swihi swiyimo leswi humelelaka loko ti levele ta acetylcholine (ACh) ti hunguteka?

Ku va ni mpimo wa le hansi wa acetylcholine, kumbe ku pfumaleka ka wona, swi nga vanga mavabyi yo hlayanyana. Leti nga ta nkoka swinene eka leti hi leti:

• Vuvabyi bya Alzheimer : Vanhu lava nga na vuvabyi bya Alzheimer a va na acetylcholine leyi eneleke ebyongweni bya vona. Hikwalaho ka sweswo, ku lahlekeriwa hi ku tsundzuka i xikombiso lexikulu.
• Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome : Vuvabyi lebyi byi vangiwa hi kuhunguteka ka ku humesiwa ka acetylcholine kusuka eka ti cells ta misiha.
• Myasthenia gravis : Lebyi i vuvabyi bya autoimmune lebyi endlaka leswaku misiha ya marhambu yi tsana hiku hatlisa endzhaku ko tirhisiwa hiku phindha-phindha.

Hi yihi mirhi leyi kongomisaka eka acetylcholine (ACh)?

Ti cholinesterase inhibitors i ntlawa wa mirhi leyi tirhaka hiku endla leswaku enzyme leyi hahlulaka acetylcholine yinga tirhi naku engetela ntirho wa ti acetylcholine receptors. Ti tirhisiwa ku tshungula vuvabyi bya Alzheimer na myasthenia gravis. Donepezil (Aricept®), Rivastigmine (Exelon®) na Galantamine (Razadyne®) i yin’wana ya mirhi leyi.

Hi swihi swakudya leswi nga na choline, leyi pfunetaka ku humesa acetylcholine (ACh)?

Choline, swakudya leswi hundzukaka acetylcholine, swi kumeka eka swakudya swo tala. Xikombiso:

• Xivindzi xa nyama ya homu
• Matandza (ngopfu-ngopfu swirhumbana) .
• Nyama ya homu ya le henhla ya xirhendzevutani
• Tinyawa ta soya leti oxiweke, tinyawa ta tinso leti nga emathinini
• Xifuva xa huku lexi oxiweke
• Nhlampfi ya cod `(Cod)`
• Quinoa leyi swekiweke
• Ti mushroom ta shiitake leti swekiweke, broccoli leyi virisiweke na Brussels sprouts
• Masi (1%) `(Masi (1%))`, yoghurt ya vanilla leyi nga riki na mafurha `(yoghurt ya vanilla leyi nga riki na mafurha)`

Ringeta ku engetela swakudya leswi eka swakudya swa wena. Swakudya leswi ringaniseriweke i swa nkoka swinene eka vutomi lebyinene.