Xana murhandziwa wa wena, kumbexana mana wa wena, tata wa wena, kokwa wa wena wa xisati kumbe kokwa wa wena wa xinuna, u ni vuvabyi bya Alzheimer? Hinkwerhu ha swi tiva gome ni ku pfumala mpfuno leswi taka hi ku lahlekeriwa hi ku tsundzuka hakatsongo-tsongo ni ku rivala swikandza leswi tolovelekeke. Vuvabyi bya Alzheimer entiyisweni i xiyimo lexi nga vangaka ku lahlekeriwa hi ku tsundzuka, ku onhaka ka byongo hambi ku ri rifu. Hambileswi ku nga riki na murhi wo tshungula vuvabyi lebyi, ku ni mirhi leyi nga byi hungutaka ni ku nyika muvabyi ku wisa ko karhi. Namuntlha hi ta vulavula hi ntlawa wun’wana wo hlawuleka wa swidzidziharisi. Sweswo i NMDA Receptor Antagonists . Hambileswi vito leri ri rharhanganekenyana, a hi ri twisiseni hi ku olova.
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Xitori lexitsongo xa tikhemikhali lexi humelelaka ebyongweni
Byongo bya hina i ndhawu yo hlamarisa. Yi na magidi ya timiliyoni ta tisele ta misiha, kumbe ti neurons. Tisele leti ti tirhisa rungula, ti tsundzuka rungula naswona ti byela swirho swin’wana swa miri leswi swi faneleke swi swi endla hi ku rhumelana swikombiso swa gezi ni tikhemikhali swi ya emahlweni ni le ndzhaku.
Hi vitana varhumiwa lava rhwalelaka swikombiso leswi swa tikhemikhali neurotransmitters. Un'wana wa varhumiwa volavo i glutamate .
Ehleketa ntsena hi glutamate tanihi xikepe lexi rhwalaka rungula leri humaka eka sele yin’wana ya misiha ku ya eka yin’wana. Xikepe lexi xi lava ribuwa ro hlawuleka leswaku xi ya eka sele yin’wana xi ya fika eribuweni. Dock yoleyo hi yona leyi hi yi vitanaka NMDA receptor (N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. Loko xikepe lexi vuriwaka glutamate xi namarhela eka port leyi ya NMDA, xi rhumela nchumu wun’wana wa nkoka lowu vuriwaka calcium eka sele. Calcium leyi hi yona yi hetisisaka rungula rero naswona yi hi pfuna ku dyondza no tsundzuka swo karhi.Leri i endlelo leri tolovelekeke eka byongo lebyi hanyeke kahle.
Kutani ku humelela yini eka vuvabyi bya Alzheimer?
Eka tisele ta byongo bya munhu la nga ni vuvabyi bya Alzheimer , ku sungula ku endliwa glutamate yo tala ngopfu . Lexi humelelaka hileswaku calcium yo tala yi khulukela eka tisele teto ta misiha. Anakanya ku humelela yini loko wo tata thangi ra mati hi mati yo tala? Yi tala ngopfu. Hilaha ku fanaka, loko calcium yo tala yi hlengeletana endzeni ka tisele, tisele teto ti sungula ku onhaka. Ku onhaka loku hi kona ku engetelaka swikombiso swa vuvabyi bya Alzheimer hakatsongo-tsongo.
Hi leyi ndlela leyi ti NMDA Receptor Antagonists ti pfunaka ha yona
Tlilasi ya mirhi leyi vuriwaka ti-NMDA receptor antagonists yi tirha hi ku hunguta nhlayo ya tindhawu leti swikepe sweswo leswi engetelekeke swa glutamate swi nga yimaka eka tona eka NMDA receptor. Hi leswaku, murhi lowu wu pfalela swin’wana swa swikepe. Kambe nchumu wa nkoka swinene hileswaku mirhi leyi yi pfumelela marungula ya nkoka leswaku ma khuluka . Hi leswaku, ti lawula ntsena ku nghena loku onhaka ka calcium handle ko vanga ku kavanyeteka lokukulu eka matirhelo lama tolovelekeke ya byongo. Leswi swi hunguta ku onhaka ka tisele ta misiha naswona swi lawula rivilo ra vuvabyi lebyi.
Loko madokodela ma tshungula vuvabyi bya Alzheimer, hakanyingi ma tirhisa mirhi leyi kongomisaka eka xiaki xin’wana xa misiha lexi vuriwaka acetylcholine. Kambe ti- antagonist ta NMDA receptor i ntlawa wa nkoka wa mirhi leyi tirhaka hi ndlela yo hambana.
Ntagonist leyikulu ya NMDA receptor leyi pfumeleriweke sweswi eka vutshunguri bya vuvabyi bya Alzheimer i memantine (vito ra brand Namenda XR). Hi ntolovelo yi nyikiwa hi madokodela eka swiyimo swo ringanela ku ya eka swo tika swa vuvabyi lebyi. Minkarhi yin’wana, memantine yi nyikiwa xikan’we na ti cholinesterase inhibitors leti boxiweke khale, leti engetelaka ti levele ta acetylcholine. Leswi swi nga endla leswaku ku va ni vuyelo byo antswa eka vavabyi van’wana.
Kambe tsundzuka leswaku mirhi leyi a yi tirhi hi ndlela leyi fanaka eka vanhu hinkwavo.
Nakambe a hi xiyeni switandzhaku swa kona.
Ku fana ni mirhi hinkwayo, leyi yi nga va ni switandzhaku leswitsongo.
- Ku pfimba ka khwiri i xikombiso lexi tolovelekeke ngopfu.
- Ku engetela kwalaho, swilo swo fana ni ku pandza ka nhloko ni ku pfimba na swona swi nga ha humelela.
- A hi kanyingi swinene, ku va ni ku koteka ka ku pfilunganyeka ebyongweni .
Loko wena kumbe muvabyi wa wena mi hlangana ni xin’wana xa leswi, u fanele u tivisa dokodela wa wena hi ku hatlisa . A swi si tshama swi va mhaka leyinene ku tshika ku nwa mirhi kumbe ku cinca mpimo hi wexe.
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Check Availability →Swidzidziharisi swin’wana endyangwini lowu ni matirhiselo ya swona
Kuna mirhi yin’wana eka ndyangu lowu leyi vuriwaka NMDA receptor antagonists. Swin’wana swa swona hi swi vona evuton’wini bya siku na siku. Tin’wana ti ni khombo nyana, naswona ti tirhisiwa hi ndlela yo biha tanihi swidzidzirisi. Van’wasayense va tlhela va endla ndzavisiso hi vuyelo bya ntlawa lowu wa mirhi eka mavabyi man’wana ya misiha, yo tanihi vuvabyi bya Parkinson na ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis).
A hi dyondzeni swo tala hi swona eka tafula leri nga laha hansi.
| Vito ra Xidzidziharisi | Ku tirhisiwa lokukulu | Tinhla ta nkoka ni makhombo |
|---|---|---|
| Xiharhi xa dextromethorphan | Yi kumeka eka ti syrups ta khohlola. | Hi ntolovelo swi hlayisekile, kambe swi nga va na khombo loko swi tekiwa hi mimpimo ya le henhla. |
| Ketamine ya xirhendzevutani | Murhi wo titivata (wa vanhu na swiharhi). | Yi tirhisiwa ku hunguta switlhavi hi nkarhi wa vuhandzuri. Kambe ku xanisiwa tanihi "xidzidziharisi xa xipano". Swi nga vanga ku vona swilo leswi nga vonakiki ni ku titwa u tihambanise ni miri. Vulavisisi byi le ku endliweni eka ku tirhisiwa ka yona eka swiyimo swo fana na ntshikilelo wa mianakanyo. |
| Phencyclidine (PCP) . | Ku tirhisiwa hi ndlela yo biha tanihi xidzidziharisi. | Ekusunguleni yi endliwile tani hi murhi wo titivata, yi susiwile eka ku tirhisiwa hikokwalaho ka switandzhaku swo tika (hallucinations, ku pfilunganyeka). Murhi lowu nga ni khombo lowu tivekaka tanihi "Angel Dust". Swi fambisana ni mahanyelo ya madzolonga. |
Rungula ro Yisa Ekaya
- Hambi leswi vuvabyi bya Alzheimer byi nga tshungulekiki hi ku helela, mirhi ya NMDA receptor antagonist yo fana na memantine yi nga pfuneta ku lawula switeji swo ringanela ku ya eka swo tika swa vuvabyi hi ku hunguta ku onhaka ka tisele ta byongo.
- Mirhi leyi yi tirha hi ku sirhelela tisele ta misiha eka glutamate leyi tlulaka mpimo ebyongweni.
- Kufana na mirhi yin’wana na yin’wana, switandzhaku swofana na ku pfimba ka nhloko swinga humelela. Minkarhi hinkwayo burisana hi mhaka leyi ni dokodela wa wena. U nga tshuki u cinca mpimo wa murhi kumbe u tshika ku nwa murhi hi wexe.
- Ntlawa lowu wa swidzidziharisi, swo tanihi Ketamine na PCP, swi tirhisiwa hi ndlela yo biha tanihi swidzidziharisi naswona swi ni khombo swinene. Ku ni ku hambana lokukulu exikarhi ka leswi ni mirhi leyi nyikeriwaka eka vuvabyi bya Alzheimer.
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