Isebenza kakuhle kangakanani imiphunga yakho? Masifunde ngeeMvavanyo zoMsebenzi wePulmonary.

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha unengxaki yokuphefumla, ukuqina kwesifuba, okanye ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo? Okanye ngaba ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba wenze uvavanyo oluncinci lwemiphunga? Kulapho ke olu vavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga , okanye "ii-PFT" ngamafutshane, ziluncedo khona. Ngamafutshane, zilinganisa indlela imiphunga yakho enokuphefumla ngayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle, kunye nendlela enokutshintshiselana ngayo umoya ngokufanelekileyo. Zisinika umfanekiso olungileyo wempilo yemiphunga yakho.

Zeziphi iintlobo zovavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga (ii-PFT) ezikhoyo?

Kulungile, masibone ngoku, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi `(PFTs)`. Uvavanyo ngalunye lujonga iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zemiphunga. Nazi ezinye zeentlobo eziphambili:

• I-Spirometry: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo noluqhelekileyo oluhlala lwenziwa. Lulinganisa ukuba ungakanani umoya onokuwuphefumla uphume ngokukhawuleza nangokukhawuleza kangakanani. Lukwanika umbono wokuba ungakanani umoya ohlala unawo emiphungeni yakho.
• Ubungakanani bemiphunga okanye i-body plethysmography: Oku kulinganisa ukuba ungakanani umoya oshiyekileyo emiphungeni yakho ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, njengasemva kokuphefumla nzulu nasemva kokuphefumla ngokupheleleyo, kunye nokuba ungakanani umthamo wemiphunga onayo.
• Uphononongo lokusasazeka kwegesi: Olu luvavanyo olukhethekileyo. Lulinganisa indlela imiphunga yakho efunxa ngayo iigesi, ezifana neoksijini, egazini lakho. Oko kukuthi, lulinganisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokutshintshiselana kwegesi ukusuka emiphungeni yakho ukuya egazini lakho.
• Uvavanyo lokuzilolonga lweCardiopulmonary (CPET): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa indlela intliziyo yakho, imiphunga, kunye nezihlunu ezisebenza ngayo kunye ngexesha leseshoni emfutshane yokuzilolonga. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ukuphefumla kancinci kubangelwa yimiphunga yakho, intliziyo, okanye esinye isizathu.

Kwezi, i-spirometry yeyona iqhelekileyo neyaziwa kakhulu ngovavanyo lokusebenza kwemiphunga.

Kufuneka zenziwe nini ezi mvavanyo zemiphunga (ii-PFT)?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha wakho angakucela ukuba wenze i-PFT. Kufuneka uqwalasele oku ngakumbi ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu:

• Ukuba uziva isifuba siqinile, sibuhlungu, okanye sixinene.
• Ukukhwehlela, ingakumbi ukuba kuqhubeka ixesha elide kwaye kuza ne-phlegm.
• Ukuba uziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo, okanye ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla nzulu.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla, imeko oogqirha abayibiza ngokuba yi-"Dyspnea".
• Ukuba uva isandi esithi "umlozi" esifubeni sakho xa uphefumla.

Khumbula, ngamanye amaxesha usenokungabi nazimpawu konke konke. Kodwa ugqirha unokucebisa i-PFT njengenxalenye yokuhlolwa kwakho konyaka, okanye ukuba utshaya, ukujonga naluphi na utshintsho kwimiphunga yakho.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu, oogqirha banokufunda okungakumbi kwi-PFTs:

• Chonga ukuba kukho na ukuvaleka okanye ukuncitshiswa kwendlela yomoya emiphungeni yakho.
• Fumanisa kwangethuba ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho kwindlela imiphunga ekwazi ngayo ukufunxa ioksijini egazini.
• Linganisa indlela izifo ezingapheliyo zemiphunga (izifo ezingapheliyo zemiphunga) ezibachaphazele ngayo abo baqhubeka nokutshaya.
• Qinisekisa ukuba amayeza owanikwayo ayanceda na ekunciphiseni ubunzima bakho bokuphefumla.
• Qonda ukuba imiphunga yakho iyachaphazeleka na kukuvezwa zizinto ezithile kwindawo osebenza kuyo okanye ohlala kuyo.
• Ngaphambi kokuba wenze naluphi na utyando okanye olunye unyango, gqiba kwelokuba imiphunga yakho ingakwazi na ukumelana nalo.

Zeziphi izifo ezinceda ekuxilongweni kwezi PFT?

Ii-PFT aziluvavanyo oluqhelekileyo nje kuphela. Zihlala zinceda ekuxilongeni, ekuqinisekiseni, okanye ekuvavanyeni ubunzulu beemeko ezifana nezi:

• Isifo sombefu: Yimeko ebangela ubunzima bokuphefumla eqhelekileyo kubantu abaninzi.
• Isifo Esingapheliyo Sokuqanda Amaphaphu (i-COPD): Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abatshayayo.
• I-Pulmonary fibrosis: Le yimeko apho izicubu zemiphunga ziqina khona, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumla.
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha enceda ekuphefumleni.
• Ukuncitshiswa kwe-trachea.

Ngubani owenza ezi vavanyo zokusebenza kwemiphunga?

Ezi "(PFTs)" zihlala zenziwa yingcali yokuphefumla efumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo ngale njongo. Uza kukuchazela uvavanyo aze akuncede ulwenze ngokuchanekileyo.

Lwenziwa njani olu vavanyo lokusebenza kwemiphunga?

Oku akunzima njengoko unokucinga.

Kukho izixhobo ezininzi ezisetyenziswa rhoqo xa kusenziwa i-'PFT'. Ezi ziquka, kwezinye iimvavanyo, ibhokisi ecacileyo, engenamoya (kufuneka uhlale ngaphakathi kuyo), ikliphu encinci ethambileyo oyifaka empumlweni yakho (oku kukunceda ukuba uphefumle ngomlomo wakho kuphela endaweni yempumlo yakho), i-mouthpiece oyifaka emlonyeni wakho, kunye nesixhobo esincinci se-elektroniki esilinganisa isantya kunye nobungakanani bokuphefumla kwakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Spirometer' .

Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kolu vavanyo?

Ngaphambi kokuba i-PFT yakho iqale, ugqirha wakho okanye indawo yovavanyo ingakunika iingcebiso, ezifana nezi:

• Usenokucelwa ukuba uyeke okwethutyana ukusebenzisa naliphi na iyeza (elifana ne-inhaler) olisebenzisela ubunzima bokuphefumla.Oku kwenzelwa ukufumana iziphumo zovavanyo ezichanekileyo. Ngoko ke yenza kanye njengoko ugqirha ekuxelela.
• Nxiba impahla ekhululekileyo nekhululekileyo. Ziphephe iimpahla eziqinileyo, ingakumbi ezijikeleze isifuba.
• Kuphephe ukuzilolonga kakhulu ngosuku olungaphambi okanye kusasa lovavanyo.
• Ukuba usebenzisa iimveliso zecuba (ezifana neecuba), ziphephe ubuncinane iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo.

Kuphela kukulandela ezi zinto ngokuchanekileyo apho uya kukwazi ukufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo .

Ndingatya ngaphambi kovavanyo?

Akuyonto ilungileyo ukutya isidlo esikhulu ngaphambi kovavanyo. Kukwayingcamango entle ukuyeka ukusela iziselo ezine-caffeine (ezifana nekofu neti) ixesha elifutshane ngaphambi kovavanyo, kuba ezi zinto zinokuba nefuthe elincinci kwindlela ophefumla ngayo.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ngomhla wovavanyo?

Kuya kufuneka wenze i-"PFT" kwilabhoratri yovavanyo lomsebenzi wamaphaphu ekhethekileyo, edla ngokuba sesibhedlele okanye kwicandelo lezigulane ezingalaliswanga.

Ngaphambi kokuba uvavanyo luqale, ingcali yokuphefumla iza kuthatha ulwazi lwakho lomntu siqu, olufana nolu:

• Ubude
• Ubunzima
• Ubudala
• Umdyarho
• Isini

Olu lwazi lusetyenziselwa ukuthelekisa iziphumo zakho namaxabiso aqhelekileyo obudala bakho, ubude, kunye nesini.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo?

Emva kokuthatha ulwazi lwakho, ingcali yokuphefumla iya kukusa kwigumbi elinesixhobo "se-PFT" kwaye ikunike imiyalelo esekwe kuhlobo lovavanyo ekufuneka ulwenze.

Kwi-Spirometry:

Okokuqala, kufakwa ikliphu encinci ethambileyo empumlweni yakho. Oku kungenxa yokuba kufuneka uphefumle ngomlomo wakho kuphela, kungekhona ngempumlo yakho. Emva koko unikwa i-mouthpiece. Kufuneka uyibambe ngokuqinileyo emilebeni yakho. Le mouthpiece iqhagamshelwe kwi-spirometer. Emva koko ingcali yezonyango ikuxelela indlela yokuphefumla ngaphakathi nangaphandle.

Ngamanye amaxesha uya kuxelelwa ukuba uphefumle nzulu kwaye ukhuphe umoya kancinci . Ngamanye amaxesha uya kuxelelwa ukuba uphefumle nzulu kwaye ukhuphe umoya ngokukhawuleza nangokunzima kangangoko unako . Kufana nokucima amakhandlela kwikhekhe yomhla wokuzalwa. Kuya kufuneka wenze oku amaxesha amaninzi.

Kwi-body plethysmography:

Kule, bakubeka nekliphu empumlweni yakho. Emva koko bakwenza uhlale ngaphakathi kwebhokisi yesikwere efana neglasi. Ingcali yezonyango ivala ucango. Kufuneka uhlale ngaphakathi malunga nemizuzu emihlanu. Ungakhathazeki, akukho nzima ukuphefumla ngaphakathi.

Ukuba unengxaki yokuba kwiindawo ezixineneyo (oko kukuthi, ukuba "une-Claustrophobia"), xelela ugqirha wakho kwangethuba. Uza kukunceda uzive ukhululekile.

Njengoko uphefumla ngaphakathi nangaphandle usebenzisa umlomo emlonyeni wakho, i-spirometer ilinganisa utshintsho kuxinzelelo lomoya kunye nomthamo ngaphakathi kwebhokisi, ibala ubungakanani bemiphunga yakho.

Kwisifundo sokusasazeka kwegesi:

Nalapha, ikliphu ibekwa empumlweni yakho. Xa ubeka i-mouthpiece emlonyeni wakho, ingcali yezonyango ikuxelela ukuba uphefumle umoya oqulethe isixa esincinci kakhulu nesikhuselekileyo se-carbon monoxide (oku akuyi kukwenzakalisa), ubambe umphefumlo wakho okwethutyana, uze uwukhuphe umoya.

Xa ukhupha umoya, i-spirometer ilinganisa ubungakanani bekhabhoni monoxide oyikhuphayo. Oku kumisela ukuba ingakanani igesi efunxwayo kwimiphunga yakho iye egazini lakho.

Kuvavanyo lokuzilolonga lwentliziyo nemiphunga (CPET):

Kule meko, ingcali yokunyanga ikuxhumanisa nezixhobo ezilinganisa izinga lentliziyo yakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye namanqanaba eoksijini egazini. Emva koko, bakucela ukuba uhambe nge-treadmill okanye ukhwele ibhayisekile engashukumiyo.

Ngelixa uzilolonga, ezo zixhobo zirekhoda idatha eyahlukeneyo malunga nokusebenza kwentliziyo yakho, imiphunga kunye nemisipha.

Olu vavanyo lwemiphunga luthatha ixesha elingakanani?

I-PFT ingathatha imizuzu eli-15 ukuya kwengama-45 ukugqiba, kuxhomekeke ekubeni zingaphi iimvavanyo onazo kunye nenkxaso yakho.

Ukuba uziva udiniwe okanye unesiyezi ngexesha lovavanyo, ungoyiki ukuxelela ingcali yezonyango. Emva koko ungaphumla uze uqale kwakhona.

Ingaba olu vavanyo lubuhlungu?

Hayi, uvavanyo lokusebenza kwemiphunga alubuhlungu. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuziva benesiyezi kancinci, bekhaphukhaphu, okanye bediniwe kancinci xa bephefumla nzulu okanye bekhupha umoya ngokukhawuleza. Usenokuba nokukhohlela okuncinci xa uphefumlela emlonyeni. Nangona kunjalo, ezi mpawu ziya kuphela emva kwexesha elifutshane emva kovavanyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo?

Emva kokuba uvavanyo luphelile, ungaqala ukuthatha nawaphi na amayeza ugqirha akuxelele ukuba uyeke, ukuba akhona, uze uqhubeke nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo kunye nokuzilolonga.

Ukuba uziva unesiyezi ngexesha lovavanyo, ingcali yezonyango iza kukujonga de ezo mpawu ziphele kwaye ukwazi ukuya ekhaya.

Baza kukuxelela nokuba uza kuzifumana nini iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi ngolu vavanyo?

Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwephaphu lukhuselekile kakhulu . Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, akukho mingcipheko mikhulu, ngaphandle kokuba nesiyezi kunye nokudinwa okubangelwa kukuphefumla nzulu. Ezi mpawu nazo ziyaphela emva kwexesha elithile.

Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu , abanye abantu banokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-pneumothorax (umphunga owileyo). Kwakhona, izinga lentliziyo yakho linokunyuka kancinci ngexesha le-PFT. Ke ngoko, ukuba usandul' ukuba nesifo sentliziyo okanye unezinye iingxaki zentliziyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yezonyango kwangaphambili.

Zithini iziphumo endizifumanayo? Zindixelela ntoni?

Ingcali yokuphefumla ithelekisa amanqaku akho ovavanyo kunye namaxabiso aphakathi obudala bakho, ubude, isini, kunye nohlanga. Kukho "uluhlu oluqhelekileyo" olulindelekileyo kuye wonke umntu.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba "ndiyasilela" kolu vavanyo?

Nantsi into, akukho nto ibizwa ngokuba yi-PFT "engaphumelelanga". Ukuba iziphumo zakho zingaphaya komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba "akuqhelekanga," oko kuthetha ukuba kunokubakho ingxaki emiphungeni yakho. Ukuba kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe ngayo aze agqibe ukuba kukho naziphi na ezinye iimvavanyo ezifunekayo ukuze kufunyanwe ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo okanye uhlobo lonyango oza kuqala ngalo. Ngoko ke ungoyiki iziphumo.

Ndiza kuzazi nini iziphumo zovavanyo lwam?

Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka ufumane iziphumo zakho ze-PFT kwiintsuku ezimbalwa . Ugqirha wakho uza kukwazisa. Ukuba awukafumani mpendulo kugqirha wakho okanye kwikliniki yakho kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, ungabuza ugqirha wakho okanye kwikliniki yakho ngayo loo nto.

Ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo semiphunga, kunokufuneka uqhubeke novavanyo kwixesha elizayo ukuze ujonge ukuba imeko yakho iqhubeka njani.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngovavanyo lokusebenza kwamaphaphu, akunjalo?

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ii-PFTs luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu nolukhuselekileyo lokujonga impilo yemiphunga yakho. Zinokubona naluphi na utshintsho kwiindlela zakho zokuphefumla kunye nomsebenzi wemiphunga.

• Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokukhohlela okungapheliyo, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye ukuxinana kwesifuba, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Nguye onokugqiba ukuba ufuna i-``(PFT)```.
• Landela imiyalelo enikiweyo ngaphambi kovavanyo ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ukuba uziva ungakhululekanga ngexesha lovavanyo, xelela ingcali yezonyango.
• Musa ukoyika iziphumo. Nokuba kukho ingxaki, ungayifumana unyango olufunekayo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela impilo yemiphunga yakho, kuba imiphunga esempilweni ibalulekile kubomi obusempilweni!

Uvavanyo lwemiphunga , i-PFT, i-spirometry, ubunzima bokuphefumla, i-asthma, i-COPD, izifo zemiphunga