Ngaba uyazi nge-super defender yomzimba wakho? (Inkqubo Yokuzikhusela) - Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Unjani? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesihloko esibaluleke kakhulu. Leyo yindlela emangalisayo yokuzikhusela emzimbeni wethu, okanye njengoko sonke sisazi, inkqubo yokuzikhusela . Ifana neqhawe elingaphakathi emzimbeni wethu. Ihlala ingabonakali kwaye yenza umsebenzi omhle wokusikhusela kwizifo. Ngoko ke, makhe sibone ukuba yintoni le kwaye isebenza njani ?

Yintoni inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwizifo? Yintoni eyenzayo?

Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela yingqokelela yezitho zomzimba ezidibeneyo, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, iiproteni, kunye neekhemikhali. Zonke ezi zinto zisebenza kunye ukukhusela kwiintsholongwane kunye nezinye izihlaseli zangaphandle. Ikwakunceda ukuba uphile xa ufumana usulelo okanye ukwenzakala.

Khawuthelekelele ukuba unenkqubo yokhuseleko efanelekileyo ekhayeni lakho. Iyawabona amasela, iwabambe xa efika, kwaye inciphise umonakalo ekhayeni lakho, akunjalo? Kunjalo ke ngale nto.

Makhe sijonge eminye yemisebenzi ephambili yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela:

• Ukuthintela abahlaseli bangaphandle ( njengeentsholongwane ) ukuba bangangeni emzimbeni. Njengomgcini-sango.
• Ukutshabalalisa abahlaseli abangene emzimbeni.
• Nokuba abahlaseli bangaphakathi emzimbeni, umonakalo abawenzayo ulinganiselwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Ukulungisa umonakalo emzimbeni.
• Ukuziqhelanisa nemingeni emitsha kunye nezoyikiso. Oko kuthetha ukukhumbula ukuba ungaphindi ugule lula emva kokuba unesifo esinye.

Zeziphi izinto umkhuseli wethu asisindisa kuzo?

Inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba isikhusela kwizinto ezininzi. Umzekelo:

• Iintsholongwane
• Iintsholongwane
• Iifungi ezinokubangela usulelo
• Iintsholongwane
• Iiseli zomhlaza

Le nkqubo isebenza imini nobusuku ukuze isikhusele kuzo zonke ezi zinto.

Isebenza njani le nkqubo yokhuseleko? Iyamangalisa!

Xa inkqubo yakho yomzimba isebenza kakuhle, yenza oku kulandelayo:

1. Bayazi kakuhle ukuba zeziphi iiseli ezizezabo kwaye zeziphi ezingezizo iiseli zangaphandle. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphandle koko, banokuhlasela iiseli zethu.

2. Isebenza ukuze itshabalalise iintsholongwane ezinokuba yingozi kuthi, iququzelela amandla afunekayo (oko kukuthi, izinto ezifana neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ) ngaloo njongo.

3. Xa isoyikiso siphelile, uhlaselo luyayeka. Akukho sizathu sokulwa ngaphandle kwesizathu.

4.Emva kokudibana nentsholongwane, ifunda ngaloo ntsholongwane ize yenze ii-antibodies ezichasene nayo. Kufana nokuhlola utshaba nokulungiselela ixesha elizayo xa lufika.

5. Ukuba ezo ntsholongwane zizama ukungena emzimbeni kwakhona kwixesha elizayo, ii-antibodies ezenziweyo zithunyelwa ukuba zitshabalalise.

Nangona kunjalo, izinto azihlali zihamba kakuhle ngolu hlobo. Ngamanye amaxesha, inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba isenokungasebenzi kakuhle. Umzekelo, isenokungabi namandla ngokwaneleyo okulwa nabahlaseli, okanye isenokusabela ngokukhawuleza.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka?

Inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba inokuba buthathaka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Emva koko unokuba sengozini yokugula. Kukho ezinye iimeko ezizalwa nazo, kodwa azixhaphakanga kangako. Nangona kunjalo, izifo ezikhula kamva ebomini, ezifana nesifo seswekile `(uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile)`, kunye neemeko ezifana `(umhlaza)`, nazo zinokuwenza buthathaka inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba.

Kuthetha ukuthini xa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isebenza ngokugqithiseleyo?

Kwelinye icala, ngamanye amaxesha inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela inokusabela ngokugqithisileyo kumhlaseli wokwenyani okanye ocingelwayo. Ingaqalisa uhlaselo nokuba akukho mhlaseli. Okanye ingaqhubeka nokuhlasela nokuba sele isusiwe umhlaseli. Le yindlela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esebenza kakhulu enokubangela ngayo izifo zokuzikhusela komzimba kunye neempendulo ze-allergy.

Ngawaphi amalungu omzimba wethu aphantsi kwale nkqubo yokuzikhusela?

Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela inamalungu amaninzi asebenzisanayo ukugcina usempilweni. Nazi ezinye zezona ndawo ziphambili:

• Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi: La ngamajoni asemzimbeni wethu. Ngawo afumana, ahlasele, aze atshabalalise iintsholongwane eziyingozi. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kwaye uhlobo ngalunye lunomsebenzi othile. Kwakhona, uhlobo ngalunye lunendlela yalo eyahlukileyo yokubona ingxaki, ukunxibelelana nezinye iiseli, nokwenza umsebenzi walo.
• Ii-antibodies : Ezi luhlobo lweproteni olubopha kwiintsholongwane kwaye luthathe inyathelo lokuqala lokuzitshabalalisa.
• IiCytokines: Ezi zikwayiproteni. Zifana nezithunywa. Zixelela iiseli zomzimba apho maziye khona kwaye zenze ntoni. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeecytokines zenza izinto ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, zilawula ukudumba. Ukudumba yinto eyenzekayo xa iiseli zomzimba zilwa nabahlaseli okanye zilungisa umonakalo kwizicubu.
• Inkqubo yokongeza:Eli likwaliqela leeproteni ezisebenza nezinye iiseli emzimbeni ukukhusela abahlaseli kunye nokunceda ukuphilisa amanxeba okanye usulelo.
• Ama-lymph nodes: La ngamalungu amancinci, amile okweembotyi. Afana nalawo siwasebenzisa ekhitshini. Ahluza i-lymph, ulwelo oluvela kwizicubu zethu kunye neeseli, kwaye agcina izinto ezilungileyo, njengezondlo. Kukho amakhulu ezi lymph nodes emzimbeni wakho wonke. Ziyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic.
• I-spleen: Eli lungu ligcina iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Likwahluza igazi lakho, lisusa iiseli ezindala nezonakalisweyo kwaye linceda ekwenzeni ezintsha.
• Iitoni kunye nee-adenoids: Ezi zifumaneka emqaleni nasezimpumlweni, ziindawo ezimbini zokuqala apho iintsholongwane (ezifana neebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane) ezingena emzimbeni zinokubanjwa khona.
• I-Thymus: Le yindlala encinci. I-thymus inceda ii-T-cells (uhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi) ukuba zikhule. Ezi T-cells emva koko ziya kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ukuze zisikhusele.
• Umongo wethambo: Le tissue ithambileyo nenamafutha ngaphakathi emathanjeni akho ifana nomzi-mveliso wegazi. Yenza iiseli zegazi ezifunekayo emzimbeni wakho ukuze ziphile, kuquka iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe ezinceda inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba.
• Ulusu: Ulusu lwakho lusisithintelo esikhuselayo. Lunceda ekuthinteleni iintsholongwane ukuba zingangeni emzimbeni wakho. Lukwavelisa iioyile kwaye lukhuphe nezinye iiseli zokuzikhusela zomzimba.
• I-Mucosa: Le yi-membrane enamaleko amathathu ejikeleza imingxuma kunye namalungu omzimba wonke. Ikhupha ulwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-mucus. Ibamba abahlaseli, njengeentsholongwane, kwaye inceda ekukhupheni emzimbeni.

Akumangalisi na? Kuyamangalisa ngokwenene ukuba imizimba yethu inenkqubo enkulu neyinkimbinkimbi esebenza ukusikhusela.

Yintoni i-innate immunity kunye ne-acquired immunity?

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezi zimbini.

Ukuzikhusela komzimba yindlela ozalwa ngayo. Le yindlela yokuqala yokuzikhusela yomzimba wakho. Isabela ngoko nangoko kuyo nayiphi na intshaba evela ngaphandle. Ayidingi qeqesho lukhethekileyo ukuze iqonde ukuba zeziphi iiseli zomzimba kunye nezo zangaphandle.

Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezibandakanyeka kukhuselo lwendalo azifundi ukubona abahlaseli abathile. Kwakhona, azikhumbuli abahlaseli abaye bazihlasela ngaphambili. Ngenxa yoko, aziboneleli ngokhuseleko kwiintsholongwane ezithile (kunye nezifo ezizibangelayo) kwixesha elizayo.

Kulapho ke ukuzikhusela komzimba kungena khona.Iyafika. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-adaptive immunity. Olu lukhuselo olufunyanwa ngumzimba wakho ngokuhamba kwexesha, emva kokuchaphazeleka ziintsholongwane. Uhlobo oluthile lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocytes lunokukhumbula abahlaseli abathile, lubaqaphele njengabangengabo. Ngoko ke, ukuba abo bahlaseli bazama ukungena kwakhona, la ma-lymphocytes anokusebenza ngokukhawuleza, asebenzisane nezinye iiseli, aze aphelise umngcipheko.

Iigonyo zinceda amajoni omzimba wakho asele ekhona. Oko kukuthi, ziqeqesha iiseli zakho ukuba ziqaphele kwaye zitshabalalise iintsholongwane ngaphambi kokuba zikugulise.

Zeziphi izifo kunye neengxaki ezichaphazela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela?

Kukho iimeko ezahlukeneyo ezinokuphazamisana nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba:

• Ii-Allergy: I-allergy yindlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kwinto engeyongozi. Inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba isabela kakhulu kuyo, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ezinokuba nkulu kakhulu.
• Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo: Ezi meko zenzeka xa inkqubo yakho yomzimba ihlasela iiseli zakho ezisempilweni ngempazamo. I-Lupus kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis zizifo ezimbini eziqhelekileyo ezizikhusela ngokwazo.
• Izifo eziphambili zokungabikho komzimba: Ezi ziimeko ezizuzwe njengelifa. Ezi zibangela ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ingasebenzi kakuhle. Oku kukwenza ube sesichengeni sosulelo kunye nezifo ezithile.
• Izifo ezosulelayo: Izifo ezosulelayo zenzeka xa iintsholongwane zingena emzimbeni, ziphindaphindeka, zize zibangele umonakalo. Izifo ezosulelayo, ezifana ne-HIV kunye ne-mononucleosis (mononucleosis), zinokuwenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba aze abangele izifo ezinzulu.
• Umhlaza: Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, ezifana ne-leukemia kunye ne-lymphoma, zinokwenza buthathaka amasosha omzimba. Oku kungenxa yokuba iiseli zomhlaza zinokukhula kumongo wethambo okanye zisasazeke ziye kumongo wethambo zivela kwenye indawo. Iiseli zomhlaza kumongo wethambo ziphazamisana nokuveliswa kweeseli zegazi ezifunekayo ukulwa nosulelo.
• I-Sepsis: I-Sepsis yindlela egqithisileyo yokusabela komzimba kwisifo. Emva koko, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela iqala ukonakalisa izicwili kunye namalungu aphilileyo, nto leyo ebangela isifo esisongela ubomi emzimbeni wonke.

Uyazi njani ukuba uneengxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela? Zithini iimpawu?

Iimpawu zingahluka ngokwemeko nganye. Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Ndiziva ndidiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha.
• Umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuba mncinci ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukubila kakhulu ebusuku.
• Ukurhawuzelela.
• Intlungu yemisipha kunye nobuhlungu.
• Uziva ngathi iminwe yakho iyaphelelwa ngamandla.
• Nika ingqalelo, kunzima ukukhumbula into ethile.
• Ukulahleka kweenwele.
• Ukudumba, ukurhawuzelela, ukubomvu naphi na emzimbeni.
• Ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo entanyeni, emakhwapheni, nasemqolo.

Ukuba uqhubeka nokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olujonga impilo yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela

Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isebenza kakuhle kangakanani na. Ezinye zezilingo zegazi ugqirha wakho anokuziyalela ziquka:

• Uvavanyo lwe-antibody
• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo
• Gqibezela uvavanyo lwegazi - Oku kujonga amanqanaba eeproteni ezithile egazini, njengeeproteni ze-C3.

Ngaba kukho amayeza anokuchaphazela inkqubo yam yomzimba yokuzikhusela?

Ewe, kukho amayeza athile, nangona enza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni, anokuwenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba. Imizekelo:

• Ii-Corticosteroids
• Izinto ezithintela amasosha omzimba
• I-Chemotherapy kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza.

Ukuba kufuneka ufumane olu hlobo lonyango, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela onokuxhasa ngayo inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

Ndingawuqinisa njani umzimba wam ngokwendalo?

Akukho mntu ufuna ukugula. Ngoko ke, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuzibuza ukuba ungayiphucula kwaye uyiqinise njani inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba inzima kangaka, akukho mpendulo ilula esebenza kuye wonke umntu. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha. Banokukunika iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwimbali yakho yezonyango. Banokuthetha nangendlela ophila ngayo kunye nemikhwa yakho yemihla ngemihla kwaye bakuxelele ukuba loluphi utshintsho onokulwenza.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukuze ugcine inkqubo yakho yomzimba isempilweni ngokubanzi:

• Yitya ukutya okunempilo. Ukutya okufana neziqhamo, imifuno, iiproteni ezingenamafutha, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo kunceda ekuqiniseni amasosha omzimba wakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela onokuzifumana ngayo iivithamini ezifunwa yinkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zokutya, njengokutya kwaseMedithera.
• Ukuzilolonga imihla ngemihla. Ukuzilolonga kunceda iinkalo ezininzi zempilo yakho, kuquka nenkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Ugqirha wakho angakunceda uqalise isicwangciso sokuzilolonga esifanela iimfuno zakho zonyango kunye nendlela ophila ngayo.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo.Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba i-body mass index (BMI) engaphezulu kwama-30 (ukutyeba kakhulu) inokubangela ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibe buthathaka. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba loluphi uluhlu lobunzima obujolise kubo, nize nisebenzisane ukuze nilufikelele.
• Lala ngokwaneleyo. Ukungalali ngokwaneleyo kunokuthintela inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ekusebenzeni kakuhle.
• Hlala usesikhathini ngee-vaccine zakho. Ii-vaccine ziqeqesha umzimba wakho ukuba ulwe neentsholongwane ezinokukwenza ugule. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba zeziphi ii-vaccine ozifunayo kunye nokuba ufanele uzifumane nini.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya kunye nazo zonke iimveliso zecuba. Ukusebenzisa icuba kwandisa umngcipheko weemeko ezonakalisa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis. Ukuba usebenzisa icuba, thetha nogqirha wakho ngeendlela ezisebenzayo zokuyeka.

Kutheni inkqubo yam yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka kangaka?

Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango, amayeza, kunye neendlela zokuphila zinokwenza buthathaka amasosha omzimba wakho aze athintele ukuba angakuniki ukhuseleko olufanelekileyo. Ukuba uziva ngathi uhlala ugula, okanye ukuba uneempawu ezingapheliyo, bona ugqirha. Banokufumanisa ukuba amasosha omzimba wakho abuthathaka kwaye yintoni ebangela oko.

Njengokuba inkqubo yokhuseleko lwasekhaya ijonga abantu abangenayo kwaye ikhala isilumkiso xa kuyimfuneko, inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba ihlala iphaphile, inika isilumkiso sokuba ifumane uncedo xa ibona ingozi. Iiseli kunye namalungu omzimba asebenza kunye ukufumana, ukuqaphela, kunye nokususa iintsholongwane kunye nabanye abahlaseli, ukukugcina ukhuselekile kwaye usempilweni. Kodwa eli qela alinaxanduva lokukukhusela kuphela, likwanoxanduva lokulungisa umonakalo obangelwe ngabahlaseli. Kufana nokuba umntu kufuneka alungise ifestile okanye ucango oluphukileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, neyona nkqubo yokuzikhusela ingcono ngamanye amaxesha inokwenzakala. Izifo ezihlasela umzimba ngokwawo kunye nezinye iimeko zinokuphazamisana nokukwazi komzimba wakho ukuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane kunye nokulungisa umonakalo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha rhoqo ukuze uhlolwe. Ngale ndlela, unokubona iingxaki kwangethuba kwaye ufumane unyango ukuba kuyimfuneko ukugcina inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela isebenza kakuhle.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ndiyathemba ukuba ungakhumbula izinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo koko sithethe ngako namhlanje:

• Inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba yeyona nkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wakho. Ikukhusela kwiintsholongwane nezifo.
• Le nkqubo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu , ibandakanya amalungu amaninzi, iiseli kunye neekhemikhali.
• Ngamanye amaxesha le nkqubo inokuba buthathaka okanye isebenze kakhulu, nto leyo enokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo.
• Indlela yokuphila esempilweniUnganceda amajoni akho omzimba ngokugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni (ukutya kakuhle, ukuzilolonga, ukulala kakuhle) kunye nokugonywa.
• Ukuba unemibuzo okanye unenkxalabo malunga nenkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela, nceda ufune ingcebiso kagqirha. Musa ukuzinyanga.

Ukuqaphela esi sikhuselo simangalisayo emzimbeni wakho nokuzama ukusigcina siphilile kuya kukunceda kakhulu ukuba uhlale usempilweni!

Ukuzikhusela komzimba , inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, iintsholongwane, usulelo, impilo, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ii-antibodies