Eli bali limalunga nomphathi omkhulu engqondweni yakho: i-cerebrum!

Ubusazi na ukuba ingqondo engaphakathi kwentloko yakho sisitho esimangalisayo? Sifana ne-supercomputer. Ngoko ke, eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo nenkulu yale supercomputer yi -cerebrum, okanye into esiyibiza ngokuba yi-`(Cerebrum)`. Le cerebrum ibandakanyeka phantse kuyo yonke into oyicingayo noyenzayo. Namhlanje, masithethe ngesi sitho simangalisayo ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni le ngqondo inkulu (iCerebrum)? Ngamafutshane nje...

Ngamafutshane, eyona nxalenye inkulu yobuchopho bakho yi-cerebrum. Ifumaneka ngaphambili naphezulu kwentloko yakho. Eli gama livela kwigama lesiLatini elithi "ubuchopho."

Ukususela kwixesha ovuka ngalo kusasa de uye kulala ebusuku, yonke into oyenzayo, yonke into oyicingayo noyivayo, konke oku kuphantsi kolawulo lwengqondo enkulu `(Cerebrum). Enyanisweni, yile ngqondo isenza "thina", yile ngqondo esinceda sijongane neli hlabathi. Izazinzulu beziphanda le ngqondo kangangeminyaka. Zithi kusekho okuninzi ekufuneka kufunyenwe. Kodwa, ngenxa yetekhnoloji entsha kunye nophuhliso kwisayensi yezonyango, sifunda izinto ezintsha ngayo yonke imihla.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-cerebrum kunye ne-cerebellum?

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Ngaba zikhona ezinye iindawo zobuchopho?" Ewe, enye inxalenye ebalulekileyo ibizwa ngokuba yi -cerebellum .

• Ingqondo: Le yeyona nxalenye inkulu yobuchopho. Ikwindawo engaphezulu naphambi kwe-cerebellum. Ilawula izenzo zethu eziqondayo kunye neenkqubo zethu zengqondo .
• I-Cerebellum: Le yinxalenye encinci, ekwi ngasemva kwentloko, ezantsi. Itshintshiselana imiqondiso nezinye iindawo zobuchopho kunye nomzimba wonke kwaye ilawula ulungelelwano lomzimba kunye neentshukumo ezintle. Cinga ngezinto ezinje xa uhamba okanye ubaleka.

Ngamafutshane, xa ucinga ngokwenza into ethile, le ngcinga ivela kwi-cerebrum. I-cerebellum ikunceda ukuba uyenze ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ngaphandle kokuthandabuza.

Yintoni umsebenzi we-cerebrum?

Cinga ngayo njengeofisi eyintloko yomzimba wakho. Kulapho wenza khona izigqibo ezibalulekileyo kwaye ulawula umsebenzi wakho. Jonga ukuba ikwenza ntoni:

• Ulawulo lweemvakalelo zakho ezintlanu: oko ukubonayo (okukubonayo), oko ukuvayo (ukukuva), oko ukuvumbayo ( ukuvumba ), oko ukungcamlayo (ukunambitha), kunye noko ukuvayo eluswini lwakho (ukuchukumisa) konke kulawulwa yingqondo.
• Ulwimi: Unokufunda, ukubhala, nokuthetha ngenxa yeendawo ezahlukeneyo zengqondo.
• Inkumbulo esebenzayo: Le yinkumbulo yexesha elifutshane. Umzekelo, ukuba ucinga ngokuya evenkileni uyokuthenga izinto ezithile, le yiyo ekuncedayo ukukhumbula izinto ezinjalo.
• Ukuziphatha kunye noBuntu: Inxalenye engaphambili ye-cerebrum, i-frontal lobe, ilawula ubuntu bakho kunye nokuziphatha kwakho. Isebenza njengesihluzo, ikunceda ukuba uyeke ukuthetha okanye ukwenza izinto onokuthi uzisole ngazo kamva.
• Intshukumo: Xa ufuna ukuhambisa ingalo okanye umlenze, imiqondiso efunekayo ithunyelwa kwimisipha evela kwiindawo ezithile zobuchopho.
• Ukufunda, ukuqiqa, kunye nokusombulula iingxaki : Xa ufunda into entsha, wenza isicwangciso, okanye uzama ukusombulula ingxaki, iindawo ezahlukeneyo zengqondo ziyasebenzisana.

Ingqondo isebenza njani kunye nezinye izitho zomzimba?

Ingqondo ayisebenzi yodwa. Isebenza nezinye iindawo zengqondo, ingakumbi i-cerebellum, ukuze imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ibe lula.

Khawuthelekelele uzama ukuthabatha ipeni etafileni. I-cerebrum ithumela umyalezo kwizihlunu ezisesandleni sakho ukuze ithathe ipeni. Kodwa i-cerebellum inceda isandla sakho sihambe ngqo epeni size siyibambe ngokuchanekileyo, ngaphandle kokujikeleza. Ezo ntshukumo zilawulwa kakuhle yi-cerebellum.

Kwakhona, i-cerebrum sisiseko sezinto ezinje ngokucinga kwakho, ukucwangcisa, ukwenza isigqibo sokuzilolonga, ukukhetha into oza kuyitya, kunye nokwenza idinga lokubona ugqirha. Ke ngoko, i-cerebrum ibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo nakwimpilo-ntle yomzimba wakho wonke.

Izinto ezinomdla obungazaziyo nge-cerebrum!

• Ukubonakaliswa okunqamlezileyo: Le yinto engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Xa usenza into ngecala elinye lomzimba wakho, ilawulwa lelinye icala lobuchopho bakho. Umzekelo, ukuba umntu unesifo sohlangothi kwicala lasekhohlo lobuchopho bakhe, iziphumo ziyavakala kwicala lasekunene lomzimba wakhe.
• Ingqondo yakho iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemeko: Ingqondo yakho iyakwazi "ukuzihlela ngokutsha," oko kuthetha utshintsho ngokwayo. Olu buchule luluncedo xa ufunda izinto ezintsha okanye uphola emva kokwenzakala engqondweni.
• Kukho iindawo ezithile zobuchopho : iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho zinoxanduva lwezakhono ezahlukeneyo kunye neetalente. Nangona kunjalo, ingcamango yokuba abanye abantu "banengqondo yasekhohlo" okanye "nengqondo yasekunene" yintsomi kwaye ayikaqinisekiswa ngokwesayensi.

Iphi i-cerebrum? Ijongeka njani?

Ingqondo ikwikhaka lakho, phezulu nangaphambili kwentloko yakho. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, le yeyona nxalenye inkulu yobuchopho.

Ukusuka ngaphandle, umphezulu we-cerebrum, okanye i-cerebral cortex, uthambile kakhulu, kodwa unemibimbi emininzi. Ifana ne-walnut esuswe iqokobhe. Yahlulwe ngobude ibe zisiqingatha ezibini - i-hemisphere yasekhohlo kunye ne-hemisphere yasekunene. Kukho umngxuma onzulu phakathi kwezi hemisphere zimbini. Ezi hemisphere zimbini ziqhagamshelwe yinqwaba yezicubu zemithambo-luvo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-corpus callosum. Kulapho imiqondiso ithunyelwa khona ukusuka kwelinye icala lobuchopho ukuya kwelinye.

Ziziphi iindawo eziphambili (iilobes) ze-cerebrum?

Kukho "ii-lobes" ezintlanu eziphambili kuzo zombini ii-hemispheres zobuchopho bakho, nganye inomsebenzi othile.

• I-frontal lobe: Le ikwindawo engaphambili yentloko. Ilawula ingqalelo, ulawulo lokuziphatha (oko kukuthi, ukuqonda oko kufanelekileyo noko kungafanelekanga), intetho , kunye nezinye iintshukumo zemisipha.
• I-parietal lobe: Le ikwindawo ephezulu entlokweni. Ilawula iimvakalelo ezifana nokuchukumisa, ubushushu, kunye nentlungu. Ikwakunceda ubone ihlabathi elikujikelezileyo, ugwebe umgama, kunye nobukhulu bezinto. Ikwabandakanyeka kwizinto ezifana nokucubungula isandi, iilwimi ozithethayo, amanani kunye nokubala, ukuhlela ulwazi, kunye nokwenza izigqibo.
• I-temporal lobe: Le ifumaneka emacaleni entloko. Isinceda siqonde ulwimi xa abanye bethetha. Isinceda nokuba siqaphele abantu nezinto. Isinceda sidibanise iimvakalelo neenkumbulo.
• I-Insular lobe: Le ikwindawo enzulu engqondweni, phantsi kwe-frontal lobes, parietal, kunye ne-occipital lobes. Ilawula imvakalelo yokungcamla. Kukholelwa ukuba ikwanceda ekuqwalaseleni ezinye iimvakalelo, ezinje ngovelwano kunye novakalelo.
• I-Occipital lobe: Le ikwindawo engasemva kwentloko. Ilawula uninzi lweemvakalelo ozifumana emehlweni akho, njengokubona intshukumo nokubona imibala.

Ezinye izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo ezininzi

Ukongeza kwezi zigaba, i-cerebrum inezinye izakhiwo ezininzi ezenza imisebenzi ekhethekileyo kakhulu:

• I-cerebral cortex: Le yingqimba encinci yezicubu zemithambo-luvo kumphezulu we-cerebrum, njengexolo lomthi.
• I-Thalamus: Oku kufana "neziko lemiqondiso" engqondweni. Ihluza ulwazi oluvela kwiimvakalelo zakho (ngaphandle kwevumba) ize iluthumele kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo ze-cerebrum. Imvakalelo yokuvumba iya ngqo kwi-cerebrum, hayi nge-thalamus.
• I-Hypothalamus:Ifumaneka ngaphantsi kwethalamus. Ilawula ukusebenza kwenkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo kunye nenkqubo ye-endocrine. Zombini ezi nkqubo zinceda ukulawula ezinye iinkqubo kunye neenkqubo emzimbeni. Umzekelo, i-hypothalamus inceda ukulawula izinto ezifana nobushushu bomzimba wakho, isantya sentliziyo, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
• IHippocampus: Olu lwakhiwo lufumaneka ngaphakathi kwi-temporal lobe. Lunceda ekulawuleni iinkumbulo, luzigcine kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ze-cerebrum, kwaye luzikhumbule xa uzifuna.

Kutheni ingqondo inamalungu amaninzi kangaka? Kutheni eminye imisebenzi yahlulwe yangamacandelo aliqela?

Usenokuba uzibuza, "Kutheni le ngqokelela yolwazi isetyenzwa ziinxalenye ezininzi zobuchopho?" Isizathu kukuba olu lwazi luqhagamshelwe ngeendlela ezininzi.

Khawuthelekelele, uhamba esitratweni uze ngequbuliso ubone i-cobra enkulu. Lungakanani ulwazi olufunekayo engqondweni yakho ngaloo mzuzu, kwaye yintoni omele uyenze ukuze ubaleke kweso silwanyana?

• Umbono: Amehlo akho ayayibona inyoka. Ingqondo iqala ngokuthatha olo lwazi ize iluthumele kwezinye iindawo zengqondo. Kwangaxeshanye, ubona izinto ezifana nokuba isilwanyana sikude kangakanani, nokuba siyahamba, kunye nokuba siza ngesantya esingakanani.
• Ukuva: Uva isandi se-cobra sivakala, okanye esinye isandi.
• Inkumbulo: Ingqondo yakho iqala ukuthelekisa oko ukubonayo nento oyibonileyo ngaphambili, okanye into efana nayo. Umzekelo, ukuba awukaze uyibone i-cobra, kodwa ukhe wayibona inyoka, uyayikhumbula loo mava. Kwaye uyazi ukuba sisilwanyana esiyingozi. Ingqondo yakho igcina oko ukuvayo ngelo xesha, ngethemba lokuba ulwazi luya kuba luncedo kwixesha elizayo.
• Ulwimi: Le nxalenye yengqondo ikunceda ukuba ubize amagama ento oyibonayo, ingakumbi xa ukhwaza abo bakungqongileyo uthi, "Yinyoka!"
• Ukuthatha izigqibo nokugweba: Ugqiba kwelokuba akulunganga ukuba kufutshane ne-cobra, ngoko ke kufuneka uyiphephe loo nto.
• Intshukumo: Ingqondo yakho ithumela imiqondiso kwizihlunu zemilenze yakho, ikuxelela ukuba ubalekele kwindawo ekhuselekileyo.

Uyabona, zingaphi iindawo zengqondo ezisebenzisanayo kwisiganeko esinye!

Ingakanani i-cerebrum? Ingakanani ubunzima bayo? Yenziwe ngantoni?

Ingqondo yomntu omdala eqhelekileyo iphindwe kathathu ukuya kane kunobukhulu bebhola yomnyazi. Ngoko ke, malunga ne-80% yobuchopho bubonke bukwi-cerebrum. Oko kuthetha ukuba iphindwe kathathu kunobukhulu bebhola yomnyazi.

Ngokuphathelele ubunzima, ingqondo yomntu omdala eqhelekileyo inobunzima obuphakathi kweekhilogram eziyi-2.6 ukuya kweziyi-3.1 (1.2 kunye ne-1.4). Ingqondo iyodwa inobunzima obuphakathi kweekhilogram eziyi-0.9 ukuya kweziyi-1.1 (2 ukuya kweziyi-2.5).

Izicubu zengqondo zenziwe ngezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Amanzi (amanzi) - malunga ne-77%
• IiLipids - malunga ne-11%
• Iiproteni - malunga ne-8%
• Ezinye izinto - malunga ne-4%

Ziziphi izifo neemeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela ubuchopho?

Nasiphi na imeko echaphazela ingqondo yakho inokuchaphazela nobuchopho. Oku kuquka imiba yempilo yengqondo. Eminye imizekelo ephambili yile:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer
• Iingxaki zokuxhalaba
• Ingxaki yokungakwazi ukunikela ingqalelo (ADHD)
• Istroke
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okubangelwa kukwenzakala entloko (Ukulimala kwengqondo kunye nokulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu - iTBI)
• Izifo zokuzalwa (umz. isifo sikaMenkes)
• Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
• Uxinzelelo
• Isiyezi (vertigo)
• Isifo sokuwa
• Iimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba kunye nokuvuvukala (umz., i-fibromyalgia)
• Izifo zofuzo (izifo ezizuzwe ngabazali, umz. isifo sikaWilson)
• Iintsholongwane (ezibangelwa ziibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, iiparasites, iifungi)
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Ingxaki yoxinzelelo emva kwengozi (PTSD)
I-Schizophrenia-yeemvakalelo `(Schizophrenia)`
• Ukunqongophala kweevithamini kunye neengxaki zesondlo (umz., ukunqongophala kwevithamini B12, i-hypothyroidism)

Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokuvela kwimeko enjalo?

Iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zinokwenzeka xa ubuchopho buchaphazelekile. Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• I-Aphasia: Xa amaziko okuthetha ebuchotsheni onakele, kunokuba nzima ukuthetha nokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye abantu.
• I-Ataxia: Oku kukulahlekelwa kukulungelelaniswa kweentshukumo zomzimba. Oku kunokubangela ukukhubeka, ukulahlekelwa kukulinganisela, kunye nobunzima bokwenza imisebenzi eqhelekileyo ngezandla.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha kunye nokudideka.
• Isiyezi.
• Intloko ebuhlungu kunye nemigraines.
• Iingxaki zememori.
• Ukukhubazeka: Oku kunokuchaphazela amalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba.
• Ukungcangcazela: Xa imisipha ingasebenzi kakuhle, amalungu omzimba, ingakumbi izandla, anokungcangcazela.
• Ubunzima bokugxila, ukucinga.
• Iingxaki zokubona: Ingqondo inoxanduva lokulawula amehlo akho nendlela ingqondo yakho esebenza ngayo oko ukubonayo. Iingxaki zokubona zinokuqala ekuboneni okufipheleyo ukuya ekugqwethekeni ukuya ekungabonini.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukujonga impilo yengqondo?

Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezinokunceda ekuxilongeni iimeko ezichaphazela ingqondo yakho, okanye i-cerebrum. Ezona vavanyo ziqhelekileyo zezi:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokujonga iingxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kunye neetyhefu, ingakumbi iimetali ezifana nekopolo, emzimbeni.
• I-CT scan (i-computerized tomography scan)
• I-E.E.G. `(I-EEG - I-Electroencephalogram)`
• I-EMG (i-Electromyogram)
• Uvavanyo lwamandla oluvuselelweyo
• Uvavanyo lwemfuza
• I-MRI (Umfanekiso we-Magnetic resonance)
• Iskeni yePET (iskeni yePositron emission tomography)
• Izifundo zokulala
• Impompi yomqolo (ukubhoboza i-lumbar)
• Ii-X-reyi

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Unyango lwe-cerebrum lwahlukile njengezifo kunye neempawu ezibangelayo. Luqala kwii-antibiotics zosulelo lweebhaktheriya ukuya kwi-radiation kunye ne-chemotherapy yeethumba zobuchopho. Unyango olunceda imeko enye lunokuba mandundu kwenye. Ke ngoko, akukho nyango "lufanayo" lweengxaki zobuchopho. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba unyango olulungele wena.

Ndingayigcina njani ingqondo yam iphilile? (Le yinto ekufuneka ndiyikhumbule!)

Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze ugcine ingqondo yakho iphilile. Zicinge ngezi zinto "njengomyalezo oza kuwuthatha ekhaya":

• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Ezinye iivithamini, ingakumbi ukunqongophala kwevithamini B12, zinokuchaphazela ingqondo yakho, oko kukuthi, ubuchopho, kwaye zibangele iingxaki ezinkulu. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutya ukutya okunesondlo.
• Yiba nomdla womzimba kwaye ugcine ubunzima obusempilweni: Iingxaki kwinkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi kunye nentliziyo nazo zinokuchaphazela ingqondo yakho. Istroke ngumzekelo omhle woku. Istroke sidla ngokubangelwa ziingxaki zentliziyo. Ungawunciphisa lo mngcipheko ngokuhlala usebenza kwaye ugcine ubunzima obusempilweni.
• Musa ukungazinanzi iintsholongwane: Nyanga kwaye unyange iintsholongwane, ingakumbi ezo zisemehlweni nasezindlebeni, ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ezi ntsholongwane zisasazeka ziye engqondweni, zinokuba yingozi kwaye zibeke ubomi esichengeni.
• Sela amayeza akho owayalelweyo njengoko uyalelwe: Amanye amayeza anokuba nemiphumo emibi engqondweni yakho ukuba awathatyathwanga ngokuchanekileyo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza akho njengoko uyalelwe ngugqirha wakho. Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha ezinokuthi zinxulumene nengqondo yakho, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela xa kuyimfuneko: Ukwenzakala entloko kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu engqondweni. Ukulimala kwengqondo okanye ukonzakala kwengqondo (TBI) kunokwenzeka. Ukunxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela, ingakumbi izigcina-ntloko, ngelixa usebenza okanye udlala kunokunceda ukukhusela ingqondo yakho kolu hlobo lokulimala.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya, ukusebenzisa utywala ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nokusebenzisa iziyobisi ngokupheleleyo:Ukutshaya nokusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba kwandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nesifo sentliziyo. Ukusebenzisa utywala ngokugqithisileyo kuyityhefu engqondweni yakho. Kukwandisa umngcipheko wakho westroke, iingxaki zenkumbulo, ukungcangcazela, kunye neengxaki zokulinganisela. Ukusebenzisa iziyobisi kunokonakalisa ingqondo yakho, kwandisa umngcipheko wakho westroke kunye nestroke.

Khumbula: Ingqondo yakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo emzimbeni wakho. Luxanduva lwakho ukuyikhusela.

Ngoko ke, ungabona ukuba i-cerebrum sisitho esimangalisayo nesintsonkothileyo esisinceda kuyo yonke into esiyenzayo imihla ngemihla. Nangona izazinzulu zifumanise okuninzi ngayo, kusekho okuninzi ekufuneka kufunyenwe. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji namayeza, ezi mfihlakalo ziyatyhilwa kancinci kancinci. Oku kuthetha ukuba olu lwazi lunceda oogqirha ukuba baxilonge ngcono baze banyange iimeko zakho zempilo, kunye nokuthintela iingxaki zexesha elizayo.

Ingqondo , ubuchopho, iindawo zengqondo, umsebenzi wobuchopho, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, izifo zobuchopho, impilo yengqondo