Amandla amangalisayo emizimbeni yethu! Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga ne-endothelium!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zeziphi izinto ezincinci ezingaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, ingakumbi ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi yethu, ezisebenzela impilo yethu? Kaloku, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngento ebaluleke kakhulu, kodwa mhlawumbi asithethi kakhulu ngayo. Yiyo leyo i-endothelium . Nangona eli gama livakala liyinzululwazi, lilula kakhulu. Makhe sithethe ngalo ngokweenkcukacha, uze emva koko uqonde ukuba lixabiseke kangakanani.

Yintoni i-endothelium? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.

Ngamafutshane, i-endothelium yakho yimaleko encinci kakhulu yeeseli ezijikeleze ingaphakathi lemithambo yegazi yakho kunye nemithambo ye-lymphatic . Ifana ne-membrane encinci ejikeleze ingaphakathi lombhobho wamanzi. Ezi seli sizibiza ngokuba zii-endothelial cells . Ziphi?

• Kwimithambo yakho yegazi .
• Emithanjeni yakho.
• Kwi -capillaries yakho.
• Kwaye nakwi -lymph capillaries .

Khawucinge nje, i-endothelium yiyo edibanisa igazi lakho nomzimba wakho wonke, ivumela ulwazi kunye nezondlo ukuba zihambe phakathi kwazo. Ke ngoko, i-endothelium ibalulekile kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba wakho. I-endothelium ayisiyonto nje yokugquma. Ifana nomsebenzi oxakekileyo. Yenza umsebenzi omhle wokugcina igazi lakho lihamba kakuhle kwaye ligcina imeko izinzile. Yiyo loo nto izazinzulu zijonga i-endothelium njengelungu le-endocrine . Enyanisweni, ungamangaliswa kukwazi ukuba le yenye yezona zitho zikhulu emzimbeni wakho! Ukuba kukho into eyenzekayo kwezi seli zincinci ze-endothelial, inokuba nefuthe elikhulu emzimbeni. Kuba ezi seli zenza umsebenzi omkhulu wokusigcina siphilile kwaye somelele. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngale endothelium kunye nomsebenzi wayo. Emva koko singazama konke okusemandleni ethu ukuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-endothelium?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili esithetha ngazo. Zombini zenziwe ngeeseli ze-endothelial, kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci kuxhomekeke kwindawo ezikuyo.

• I-Vascular endothelium: Le yi-membrane engaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yakho. Ngamafutshane, i-endothelium yiyo enceda ukuhamba kwegazi.
• I-lymphatic endothelium:Oku kukwinkqubo yakho ye-lymphatic. Imithambo ye-lymphatic ifana nenethiwekhi yeetyhubhu ezincinci. Zisusa ulwelo olugqithisileyo (esilubiza ngokuba yi-lymph) oluqokelelana kwizicubu. Ngoko ke, i-endothelium yezi vessels ze-lymphatic inceda ekushukumeni kwe-lymph.

Zombini ezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yakho yentliziyo .

Luhlobo luni lomsebenzi omkhulu owenziwa yile endothelium incinci?

Iiseli ze-endothelial zisebenza ngokwahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ezikuyo emzimbeni. Makhe sijonge imisebenzi ephambili ye-endothelium yemithambo yegazi.

Ukuncitshiswa (iVasoconstriction) kunye nokwandiswa (iVasodilation) kwemithambo yegazi

Xa uneeseli ze-endothelial ezisempilweni, zinceda ukugcina imithambo yegazi yakho ivulekile (ivulekile) ukuze igazi likwazi ukuhamba kuyo ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa. Zikwasabela kwizinto ezikhuthazayo ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Umzekelo, uxinzelelo lwegazi eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi yakho, utshintsho kwinqanaba loxinzelelo lwakho, kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo konke oku kunokuchaphazela oku. Zikwasabela kutshintsho lobushushu. Cinga ngako, kwimozulu ebandayo , imithambo yegazi emilenzeni yakho iyaxina. Oku kuvumela igazi elingakumbi ukuba lihambe liye kwizitho zakho ezibalulekileyo, ukuze zihlale zifudumele. Kwimozulu eshushu , ziyavuthuluka, zivumela igazi ukuba lijikeleze ngcono kwaye lipholise umzimba wakho. Xa uzilolonga , imithambo yegazi emisiphani yakho iyavuthuluka, izinike igazi kunye neoksijini eziyidingayo. Ke, nokuba wenza ntoni na, i-endothelium inceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke izitho kunye nezicubu emzimbeni wakho zifumana igazi elifanelekileyo.

Ilawula ukuhamba kolwelo oluvela egazini ukuya kwizicubu

Xa isempilweni, i-endothelium iyangena kancinci. Oko kukuthi, ivumela ulwelo ukuba ludlule kwiiseli zalo luye kwiithishu. Nangona kunjalo, ikwasebenza njengomqobo olungileyo. Ithintela izinto ezingafunekiyo ezifana neetyhefu ukuba zingangeni egazini. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko zesifo, ezifana nosulelo /i-sepsis , i-endothelium iyangena kancinci kancinci. Oku kuvumela iiseli ezilwa nosulelo ukuba zingene kwiithishu kwaye zincede ziphilise.

Ithintela ukujiya kwegazi okungeyomfuneko (Ithintela i-Thrombosis )

I-Thrombosis yimeko apho amahlwili egazi enziwa khona aze avale ukuhamba kwegazi, nto leyo enokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu. I-endothelium yakho ivelisa iikhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba yi-nitric oxide kunye ne-prostacyclin . Ezi zigcina igazi lakho lincinci kwaye zithintela ukuba lingaqini. Kwezinye iimeko zesifo, ezi zinto aziveliswanga kakuhle. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi.

Iphi emzimbeni wethu le endothelium? Ingakanani?

I-endothelium yakho isasazeka emzimbeni wakho wonke! Khawucinge nje, i-endothelium yemithambo yegazi yakho yodwaImithambo yegazi imalunga neekhilomitha ezingama-60,000 ubude . Ukuba ucela umntu ukuba akubonise apho intliziyo yakho ikhoyo, uza kukhomba esifubeni sakho. Ukuba ucela umntu ukuba akubonise apho ingqondo yakho ikhoyo, uza kukhomba entloko yakho. Kodwa ukuba ucela umntu ukuba akubonise i-endothelium, uza kukhomba nakweyiphi na inxalenye yomzimba wakho! Yiyo loo nto eyenza i-endothelium ibe yekhetheke kangaka. Iiseli ze-endothelial zijikeleze imithambo yegazi yakho ngaphakathi. Ziiseli ezidibana ngqo negazi lakho. Zinamathele kwi-basal lamina . I-endothelium kunye nale basal lamina zenza umaleko ongaphakathi wodonga lwemithambo yegazi, i-tunica intima . Le tunica intima yileyo ivumela igazi ukuba lihambe kakuhle. Ingakanani i-endothelium? Yenye yezona zitho zikhulu emzimbeni wakho. Ngokuphathelele indawo yomphezulu, umzimba womntu oqhelekileyo ugutyungelwe yiyo, igubungela phakathi kwe-3,000 kunye ne-6,000 square metres . Kwaye, iqulethe iiseli ze-endothelial ezingaphezu kwe-1 trillion ! Ezi zenziwe ziithishu ze-epithelial . Zincinci kangakanani iiseli ze-endothelial? Ezi seli zinokubonwa kuphela nge-microscope . Ubungakanani bazo obuqhelekileyo bu:

• Ubude bumalunga nama -30 ukuya kuma-50 ee-micrometer (ii-micron) .
• Malunga ne -10 ukuya kwi-30 micrometer ububanzi.
• Ubukhulu obumalunga ne -0.1 ukuya kwi-10 micrometers .

Ukuze ucinge ngobukhulu beli seli, cinga ngeenwele zakho. Unwele olunye lumalunga ne-100 micrometers ububanzi. Ngoko ke, nokuba lude kangakanani (50 micrometers), iseli ye-endothelial isiqingatha sobubanzi beenwele! Yiyo loo nto sinokuba neeseli ezikhethekileyo ezingaphezu kwe-trillion emizimbeni yethu.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Endothelium kunye ne-Epithelium?

Zombini ezi zinto zigubungela izicubu, kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci.

• I-Endothelium ifumaneka kwiindlela ezingaphakathi ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni kwaye azinanxibelelwano nokusingqongileyo okungaphandle. Umzekelo, imithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo ye-lymphatic.
• I-epithelium ifumaneka kwiindlela ezidibana nokusingqongileyo okungaphandle. Umzekelo, inkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya kunye nenkqubo yokuphefumla .

Zombini zikhethekile ngenxa yemisebenzi yazo. I-epithelium idla ngokukhusela ngakumbi , isebenza njengomqobo kwihlabathi langaphandle. I-endothelium ikhethekile ukubonelela umzimba ngegazi nezinye izinto.

Kuthekani ukuba i-endothelium yonakele? Loo meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-endothelial dysfunction!

Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-endothelium kuxa i-endothelium yakho ingakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wayo wesiqhelo ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kwenzeka xa into iwonakalisa iiseli zakho ze-endothelial. Lo monakalo unokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango kunye nemikhwa yendlela yokuphila.

Yintoni enokubangela oku?

• Iintsholongwane ezifana ne -COVID-19 .
• Ukunyuka kwamanqanaba eswekile egazini (i-Hyperglycemia) .
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (iHypertension) .
• Ukwanda kwamanqanaba e-cholesterol egazini (i-Hyperlipidemia) .
• Ukunqongophala komsebenzi womzimba.
• Ukutshaya nokusebenzisa icuba .
• Usulelo olunzima olufana ne -sepsis .

Eyona nto imbi kakhulu eyenzekayo xa i-endothelium yonakele yi-atherosclerosis.

I-atherosclerosis kukwanda kancinci kwe-plaque ngaphakathi kwimithambo yakho ngokuhamba kwexesha. Izazinzulu ziyazi ukuba inqanaba lokuqala le-atherosclerosis kukonakala kwe-endothelium. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa ngamanqanaba aphezulu e-LDL (i-cholesterol embi) egazini, ukutshaya, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwexesha elide. Xa i-endothelium yakho yonakele, inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela iyangena. Ithumela uhlobo lweseli emhlophe yegazi ebizwa ngokuba yi-monocytes eludongeni lwemithambo eyonakeleyo. Ezi monocytes ziqokelelana apho kwaye zibangele ukudumba ngaphakathi kwemithambo. Emva koko, kwenzeka uthotho lotshintsho lweeseli, ekugqibeleni lukhokelela ekwakhiweni kwento ebizwa ngokuba yi-"fatty streak." Kulapho i-plaque iqala khona ukwakheka. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le plaque ikhula kwaye inciphise imithambo yakho. Oku kunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa le plaque ikwanyusa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi. Yiyo loo nto abantu abane-endothelium eyonakeleyo besengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa zezi zifo.

Zeziphi ezinye izifo ezinokuvela ngenxa yalo monakalo?

• Isifo seMitha yeCoronary
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• I-Myocardial Ischemia (ukuncipha kokunikezelwa kwegazi kwimisipha yentliziyo)
• Isifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze imithambo yegazi
• Iimeko ezifana nestroke
• I-Thrombosis ( igazi eliqhekekileyo)

Umonakalo we-endothelial unokwandisa umngcipheko we:

• Umhlaza
• Izifo ezosulelayo
• Ukuxhathisa i-insulin
• Isifo sezintso

Ngoko ke singayigcina njani le endothelium ixabisekileyo isempilweni?

Unokunceda ukugcina iiseli ze-endothelial ziphilile ngokunciphisa inani lee -free radicals emzimbeni wakho. Ii-free radicals zii-athomu ezingazinzanga. Zonakalisa ii-athomu ezisempilweni emzimbeni. Ii-antioxidantsIi-antioxidants zizinto ezikhusela umzimba wakho (ingakumbi i-endothelium) kwi-free radicals. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutya ukutya okutyebileyo kwii-antioxidants. Ukutya okunje kutyebile kwii-antioxidants:

• Irayisi emdaka (irayisi yebran)
• Iziqhamo zeCitrus ezifana neelamuni kunye neeorenji kunye nejusi yazo
• Imifuno eluhlaza (njengespinatshi, ikale)
• I-oatmeal
• Iipepile ezibomvu nezityheli (itshili yentlanzi)
• Izambane eliswiti
• Iitamati kunye nejusi yetumato
• Amazimba

Ungabuza ugqirha wakho ukuba ungenza ntoni ukuze wongeze ezinye ii-antioxidants ekutyeni kwakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali yokutya. Banokukunceda wenze utshintsho oluncinci olulula ukuluqala. Umzekelo, banokucebisa ukuba ulandele ukutya kwaseMedithera, okwaziwa ngokunceda intliziyo yakho kunye nemithambo yegazi yakho ihlale isempilweni.

Zeziphi izinto ezibangela ukuba ii-free radicals zikhule? Singazikhusela njani kuzo?

Ezinye iimeko zonyango, imikhwa yendlela yokuphila, kunye neetyhefu zinokunyusa inani lee-free radicals emzimbeni wakho. Nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqaphele:

• Ukumoshwa komoya.
• Amanye amayeza, izibulali-zinambuzane, kunye nezinto zokucoca iifektri.
• Ukutya iswekile eninzi kakhulu.
• Ukungalali ngokwaneleyo.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu .
• Umsi ovela kwiimveliso zecuba.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokulwa nezi free radicals kunye nokukhusela umzimba wakho kwimiphumo yazo eyingozi. Kubalulekile nokuba uhlolwe rhoqo ngonyaka kwaye uthathe amayeza akho owayalelweyo ngexesha. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nenkqubo yokuzilolonga efanelekileyo kuwe ukuze uhlale usempilweni. Ezi zinto zinceda intliziyo yakho kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi isebenze kakuhle. Kwaye zinceda ukugcina i-endothelium yakho isempilweni.

Khumbula, wonke umntu unezinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko ezingonakalisa i-endothelium ngaxa lithile ebomini bakhe. Nangona kunjalo, ungazinciphisa ezi ngozi ngokuphila ubomi obusempilweni nokulawula iimeko zakho zempilo.

Okokugqibela, ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, uyabona ngoku ukuba i-endothelium esithethe ngayo namhlanje yinxalenye emangalisayo nebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu. Kufana nomntu ohleli ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi yethu, ekhonza impilo yomzimba wethu wonke ngokuthula.

• I-endothelium lulwaleko lweeseli ezijikeleza imithambo yegazi kunye nemithambo ye-lymph.
• Oku kwenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo, njengokulawula ukuhamba kwegazi, ukuthintela ukujiya kwegazi, kunye nokunceda izicubu zitshintshisane ngezinto.
• Ukuba i-endothelium yonakele (ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-endothelial), izifo ezinzulu ezifana nesifo sentliziyo kunye ne-stroke zinokuvela.
• Singayikhusela le endothelium ixabisekileyo ngokulandela ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, ukuphepha ukutshaya, nokwamkela eminye imikhwa esempilweni.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nempilo ye-endothelium yakho, kwaye ngayo, impilo yomzimba wakho wonke. Iya kuba luncedo olukhulu kubomi bakho obusempilweni!