Yintoni i-Acetylcholine (ACh)? Masifumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye eyenzayo emizimbeni yethu!

Ngaba wakha weva nge- acetylcholine , okanye (ACh)? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ngayo, okanye wakha wafunda ngayo ndaweni ithile. Yikhemikhali encinci kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ifana neposi encinci ephethe imiyalezo emzimbeni wethu. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha nge-acetylcholine ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-Acetylcholine?

Ngamafutshane, i-acetylcholine yi - neurotransmitter . Cinga ngayo, ingqondo yakho kufuneka ithumele imiyalezo emincinci yombane ukuhambisa isandla sakho, ukucinga, ukukhumbula into ethile, zonke ezi zinto. I-acetylcholine sisithunywa sekhemikhali esinceda ukuhambisa loo miyalezo kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo .

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-" excitatory " neurotransmitter . Uyazi ukuba yintoni leyo? "Ivusa" iseli yemithambo-luvo, oko kukuthi, iyayivuselela, kwaye iyenze "ithumele" imiyalezo ngokukhawuleza. Kufana nokungqongqoza emnyango womntu oleleyo uthi, "Nanku, thatha le leta."

Igama elithi acetylcholine livela kwizinto ezimbini ezenza le nto. Elinye liqela le-acetyl . Eli livela kwi-compound ebizwa ngokuba yi-acetyl coenzyme A, eyenziwe ngeswekile yeglucose. Elinye sisondlo esibizwa ngokuba yi-choline . I-Choline ifumaneka ngokwemvelo kwiingqayi zamaqanda, isoya, isibindi, imifuno kunye neembotyi. I-Choline ikwafumaneka esibindini sethu.

I-Acetylcholine ibandakanyeka kwimisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu, ingakumbi intshukumo yemisipha ngokuzithandela.Oku kudlala indima ebalulekileyo kwizenzo zethu eziqondayo, ezinjengokushukumisa amalungu ethu nokuhamba. Kuvuselela iiseli zemithambo-luvo kwimisipha yethu, okubangela ukuba zinciphe. Akupheleli apho, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu nakwiiseli zemithambo-luvo kwingqondo yethu, nakwiinkqubo ezifana nenkumbulo, ukucinga, nokufunda.

Isebenza njani i-acetylcholine (ACh)?

I-Acetylcholine igcinwa eziphelweni zeeseli zemithambo-luvo, de kube kufuneka kuthunyelwe umyalezo. Xa kufika “umqondiso” wokuthumela umyalezo, le acetylcholine igciniweyo iyakhululwa. Nje ukuba ikhutshwe, ihamba iye kwisithuba esincinci phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo ezimbini. Esi sithuba sibizwa ngokuba yi-synaptic cleft .

Emva kokuwela i-synaptic cleft, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zee-receptors ezinokuthi i-acetylcholine ibophe kuzo. Ezi zezi:

• Ii-receptors zeNicotinic
• Ii-Muscarinic receptors

Emva kokubophelela kwezi receptors, umyalezo wekhemikhali uhamba uye kwiseli elandelayo yemithambo-luvo. Emva kokuba umyalezo uthunyelwe, i-acetylcholine ehlala kwi-synaptic cleft ayichithi nje. Enye i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi -acetylcholinesterase ifika ize yaphule le acetylcholine ibe ziindawo zayo, i-choline kunye ne-acetate. Emva koko ezi ndawo zaphukileyo ziyafunxwa, ziphinde zisetyenziswe, kwaye zisetyenziswe ukuthwala omnye umyalezo wekhemikhali. Inkqubo esebenza kakuhle kakhulu!

Kwenzeka ntoni kwi-acetylcholine (ACh)?

I-Acetylcholine ineenzuzo ezininzi emizimbeni yethu. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili.

Zombini ezi ntlobo zee-receptors zibandakanyeka kwimemori yethu. Oko kukuthi, zibalulekile kwimemori yexesha elide, kwimemori yexesha elifutshane, ekwakhiweni kweenkumbulo, ekuhlanganisweni kwazo, nasekubuyiselweni kwazo. Ngaphakathi kwengqondo, i-acetylcholine ibandakanyeka kwezinye izinto. Ikhuthaza inkuthazo, umdla/ingqalelo, ukufunda, kunye nokulala kwe-REM (isigaba sokulala esiphupha kuso).

Ziziphi iimeko ezenzekayo xa amanqanaba e-acetylcholine (ACh) ehla?

Amanqanaba aphantsi e-acetylcholine, okanye ukungabikho kwayo, anokubangela izifo ezahlukeneyo. Ezona zibalulekileyo kwezi:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer : Abantu abanesifo sika-Alzheimer abanayo i-acetylcholine eyaneleyo engqondweni yabo. Ngenxa yoko, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo luphawu olukhulu.
• Isifo se-Lambert-Eaton myasthenic : Esi sifo sibangelwa kukuncipha kokukhululwa kwe-acetylcholine kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo.
• I-Myasthenia gravis : Esi sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba esibangela ukuba izihlunu zamathambo zibe buthathaka ngokukhawuleza emva kokusetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Zeziphi iziyobisi ezijolise kwi-acetylcholine (ACh)?

I-Cholinesterase inhibitors luhlobo lwamayeza asebenza ngokuvala i-enzyme ephula i-acetylcholine kwaye inyuse umsebenzi wee-acetylcholine receptors. Zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo se-Alzheimer kunye ne-myasthenia gravis. I-Donepezil (Aricept®), i-Rivastigmine (Exelon®), kunye ne-Galantamine (Razadyne®) zezinye zezi ziyobisi.

Zeziphi ukutya eziqulethe i-choline, enceda ekuveliseni i-acetylcholine (ACh)?

I-Choline, isondlo esiguquka sibe yi-acetylcholine, ifumaneka ekutyeni okuninzi. Umzekelo:

• Isibindi senyama yenkomo
• Amaqanda (ingakumbi izikhupha)
• Inxalenye ephezulu yenyama yenkomo
• Iisoya ezitshisiweyo, iimbotyi zezintso ezifakwe ebhotileni
• Isifuba senkukhu esiyosiweyo
• Intlanzi yeCod `(Cod)`
• Iquinoa ephekiweyo
• Amakhowa e-shiitake aphekiweyo, i-broccoli ebilisiweyo kunye ne-Brussels sprouts
• Ubisi (1%) `(Ubisi (1%)`, iyogathi yevanilla enamafutha `(iyogathi yevanilla enamafutha)`

Zama ukongeza oku kutya ekutyeni kwakho. Ukutya okunesondlo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ube sempilweni.