Masifunde nje ngamaqhawe amabini amancinci akha umqolo wethu: ii-Osteoblast kunye nee-ii-Osteoclasts!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ngamathambo akho? Sihlala siwacinga njengezinto eziqinileyo, ezingatshintshiyo. Kodwa akunjalo. Amathambo ethu zizicubu eziphilayo , njengayo yonke imizimba yethu. Usenokungacingi njalo, kodwa ahlala ekhula, eqhekeka, kwaye atshintshwe, kungekuphela nje ukusuka ebuntwaneni ukuya ebudaleni, kodwa ubomi bethu bonke! Iintlobo ezimbini ezibaluleke kakhulu zeeseli ezinceda kulo msebenzi umangalisayo zibizwa ngokuba yi-'Osteoblasts' kunye ne-'Osteoclasts'. Makhe sithethe ngakumbi ngezi zimbini namhlanje, akunjalo?

Ngoobani ii-'Osteoblasts'? Zenza ntoni?

Ngamafutshane, 'ii-Osteoblast' zii- "Mason Jars" ezakha amathambo ethu. Ngamanye amaxesha zikwabizwa ngokuba zii-'osteogenic cells'. Zizo eziqinisa amathambo ethu, kwaye zizo ezenza amathambo amatsha. Ii-'Osteoblast' zinemisebenzi emithathu ephambili:

• Ukwakha amathambo amatsha (ukwakheka kwamathambo ).
• Njengoko sikhula, oko kukuthi, njengoko sikhula ukusuka ebuntwaneni ukuya ebuntwini obukhulu, amathambo ethu ayatshintsha ukuze avumelane nemilo yomzimba wethu, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'remodeling'.
• Ukuphilisa amathambo xa ephukile, ephukile, okanye elimele .

Khawuthelekelele, xa elinye lamathambo ethu lifuna ukukhula, ukutshintsha ngandlela thile, okanye ukuphiliswa emva kokuba liphuke, la maseli e-'Osteoblast' akhuthazwa ziindlela ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali emzimbeni wethu, okanye zii-'hormones'. Emva koko la maseli e-'Osteoblast' ayahlangana aze enze kwaye akhuphe umxube okhethekileyo obizwa ngokuba yi-'bone matrix' . Le 'bone matrix' yenziwe ngee-'protein' ezifana ne-'collagen' kunye ne-'calcium' kunye ne-'phosphate', eziziiminerali ezibaluleke kakhulu emathanjeni ethu. Lo msebenzi ufana nomntu othulula 'ikhonkrithi' xa esakha indlela. Angakha indlela entsha kraca. Okanye angasebenzisa loo 'khonkrithi' inye ukuzalisa iintanda kunye nokuqhekeka kwindlela endala. Ngokufanayo, ii-'Osteoblasts', ii-'Masons', zisebenzisa le 'bone matrix' 'khonkrithi' ukwakha amathambo amatsha, ukuqinisa amadala, kunye nokuphilisa aphukileyo. Emva kokuba izicubu ezintsha zamathambo zakhiwe ngale ndlela, ezinye iiseli ze-'Osteoblasts' ziba yinxalenye yelo thambo litsha. Emva koko zibizwa ngokuba zii-'Osteocytes' . Ngaphandle koko, xa iinkonzo zabo zingasafuneki, ezo seli ziyafa.

Masifunde kancinci ngalawo abizwa ngokuba yi-'Osteocytes'?

Ii-Osteocytes zifana "nabalindi bokhuseleko" ngaphakathi emathanjeni ethu.Njengathi. Amathambo ethu enziwe kakhulu ngala maseli 'e-Osteocytes'. Ahlala ejonge ukuba loluphi uhlobo loxinzelelo okanye uxinzelelo olufakwa emathanjeni ethu. Xa sihamba, sibaleka, okanye siphakamisa into ethile, nokuba kukho impembelelo enkulu efana nokuqhekeka kwethambo, la 'ma-Osteocytes' ayayiva. Ngelo xesha, ngawo athumela imiqondiso kwi-'Osteoblasts' (abo bayakhayo) kunye ne-'Osteoclasts' (abo bayaphuka - siza kuthetha ngayo kamva) esithi, "Nantsi ingxaki, yiza uyilungise." Umzekelo, ukuba ithambo liyaqhekeka okanye liyaphuka, 'ama-Osteocytes' ngawo azisa ezinye iiseli ngokukhawuleza kuloo ndawo, asuse iziqwenga ezaphukileyo, aze ancede ekwakheni ithambo elitsha aze aliphilise.

Ngoko ke luhlobo luni lweeseli 'ii-Osteoclasts'?

Ii-Osteoclast "ziiqela lokucoca" elinyibilikisa kwaye lisuse iiseli ezindala, ezonakeleyo emathanjeni ethu. Kufana neqela lokudiliza. Zizo ezenza indlela yokuba ii-osteoblasts zakhe amathambo amatsha.

Indlela elula yokukhumbula yile: `IiBlasts` zifana `neZakhi`, `iiClasts` zifana `neziCoca`.

Ii-Osteoclast zikhupha ii-enzymes ezikhethekileyo. Ezi enzymes ziyanyibilika kwaye ziphule ithambo elidala. Zibangela iimpembelelo zeekhemikhali kumphezulu wezicubu ezindala zethambo, zinyibilike ezo ziqwenga kwaye zenze indlela yokuba kubekho izicubu ezintsha neziqinileyo. Kodwa xa ii-osteoclast zinyibilikisa amathambo, akufani ne-asidi edla iqhekeza lesinyithi njengakwikhathuni. Le nkqubo ilawulwa kakhulu kwaye ichanekile . Ii-Osteoclast zinyibilikisa kuphela iindawo eziphawulwe zii-osteocytes (amagosa okhuseleko) ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili ngokuthi "kulapho kufuneka sizisuse khona." Ii-enzymes ezikhutshwa zii-osteoclast ziqhekeza i-matrix yethambo eqinileyo kwaye ziphinde zifunxe umxholo wayo. Emva koko, imingxuma emincinci yenziwa kumphezulu wethambo. Nje ukuba loo mingxuma yenziwe, ii-osteoblasts (abakhi) ziyangena zize zizalise izithuba ngethambo elitsha. Kufana nomzamo weqela!

Zibukeka njani ezi seli 'zee-Osteoblast' kunye 'nezee-Osteoclasts'?

Zombini ezi seli zincinci kakhulu kwaye zifumaneka kwisigqubuthelo sangaphandle ('ithambo') lamathambo ethu nangaphakathi kwamathambo ngokwawo.

• Ii-osteoblast zihlala ziiseli ezincinci, ezimile okwetyhubhu.
• Ii-Osteoclast zinkulu kancinci kuneeseli zamathambo. Zingqukuva, zimile okwedome.

Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwezi seli?

Ii-Osteoblasts kunye nee-osteoclasts zizinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo emathanjeni ethu. Ngoko ke, nasiphi na isifo esichaphazela amathambo ethu sinokuchaphazela nokusebenza kwezi seli. Nazi ezinye zeengxaki eziphambili ezithintela amathambo ethu ukuba akheke aze aqhubeke enamandla:

• I-Osteoporosis - Kulapho amathambo eba mancinci, abe buthathaka, aze aphuke lula.
• I-Osteopenia - Oku kukhokelela kwi-osteoporosis. Ubunzima bamathambo buqala ukwehla.
• I-Hyperparathyroidism - Ukuveliswa kakhulu kweehomoni yi-parathyroid glands, okukhokelela ekulahlekelweni yi-calcium emathanjeni.
• `Isifo sikaPaget sethambo (i-osteitis deformans)` - Kule meko, inkqubo yokulungiswa kwethambo iyaphazamiseka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amathambo abe buthathaka kwaye agule.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo zokufumanisa ngezi seli?

Akusoloko kukho uvavanyo oluthile lokujonga ukuba ii-osteoblasts okanye ii-osteoclasts zakho zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Oogqirha badla ngokuvavanya impilo yethambo lonke, endaweni yokujonga iiseli ezithile. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, uvavanyo lwegazi (iilabhoratri) lunokwenziwa ukujonga ukuba ii-osteoclasts zakho zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani okanye ukunceda ekufumaneni imeko efana ne-osteoporosis. Nazi ezinye iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zokujonga impilo yamathambo akho:

• Uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo (i-DXA scan) : Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa ii-X-ray ezisezantsi ukulinganisa ukuba amathambo akho aqine kangakanani. Lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba amathambo akho ayancipha njengoko ukhula, okanye ukuba uneempawu ze-osteopenia okanye i-osteoporosis.
• Uvavanyo lweVithamin D (``uvavanyo lweVithamin D 25-hydroxy``) : Lujonga ukuba ufumana iVithamin D eyaneleyo na.
• Uvavanyo lweCalcium : Olu vavanyo lujonga inqanaba lecalcium egazini lakho, kwaye lunokujonga nokuba ingakanani na icalcium kumchamo wakho weeyure ezingama-24.
• Uvavanyo lwe-`Intact parathyroid hormone (IPTH)` : Lujonga amanqanaba e-parathyroid hormone.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Creatinine : Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba izintso zakho zisebenza kakuhle na.

Yintoni esifanele siyenze ukuze sigcine amathambo ethu ephilile?

Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze ugcine amathambo akho ephilile kwaye enamandla. Nazi ezinye zezinto onokuzenza:

• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo , ingakumbi ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D.
• Yenza umthambo othwala ubunzima . Oko kukuthi, umthambo obeka ubunzima emathanjeni akho, njengokuhamba , ukubaleka, nokunyuka izinyuko.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo . Ukutshaya kuyingozi kakhulu emathanjeni.
• Fumana i-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D eyaneleyo.Lumka nokuba ufumana ukutya okwaneleyo na. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, thatha izongezo zonyango phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha.
• Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango rhoqo . Ukuba uziva kukho ukugula okanye utshintsho, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-'Osteoblasts' kunye ne-'Osteocytes'?

Zombini ii-'Osteoblasts' kunye nee-'Osteocytes' ziiseli ezinceda ekwakheni nasekugcineni amathambo ethu. Kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci.

• Ii-Osteoblast ziiseli ezakha ithambo elitsha, zikhulise ithambo elikhoyo, kwaye zililungise. Zizo ezikhupha i-matrix yethambo kwaye zakhe izicubu ezintsha.
• Ii-Osteocytes ziiseli ezifumaneka kwizicubu zamathambo ezivuthiweyo . Zizo eziva uxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo emathanjeni kwaye zithumela imiqondiso kwi-osteoblasts kunye ne-osteoclasts, zisithi, "Kukho ingxaki apha, kufuneka ilungiswe."

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoku uyaqonda indlela ezi seli zimbini zincinci ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'Osteoblasts' kunye ne-'Osteoclasts' ezichaphazela ngayo impilo yamathambo ethu. Zihlala zisebenza kunye, zinceda amathambo ethu akhule, ahlaziyeke, kwaye ahlale eqinile. Njengamaqhawe angadunyiswanga.

Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala, abafazi abaye badlula kwixesha lokuya exesheni, kunye nabo baneengxaki zempilo ezingapheliyo ukuba bafune iingcebiso zonyango baze bahlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha. Oku kuvumela oogqirha ukuba bajonge impilo yamathambo akho baze babone iimpawu zokuqala zokulahleka kwamathambo okanye i-osteoporosis.

Ngoko ke, khathalela amathambo akho. Ukutya kakuhle, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuphila ubomi obusempilweni zezona zinto zibalulekileyo!