Omnye wemibuzo esinayo sonke ngulo, "Ndingubani? Ziphi iingcambu zam?" Uninzi lwethu lufuna ukwazi ukuba ngoobani ookhokho bethu, bavela phi, kwaye lithini ibali labo. Ngamanye amaxesha olu hambo lunzima kakhulu, lubuyela kumazwe amaninzi nakwiinkulungwane. Ngoko ke uvavanyo lwe-DNA yindlela yesayensi enokusinceda kolu hambo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngezi vavanyo ze-DNA kunye nezinye iindlela zokufumana imbali yosapho lwakho.
Kutheni sisenza uvavanyo lwe-DNA?
Abantu banezizathu ezahlukeneyo zokwenza uvavanyo lwe-DNA. Abanye bafuna ukwazi ubuhlanga bookhokho babo. Abanye bafuna ukusombulula imibuzo malunga nobudlelwane beentsapho. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezizathu eziphambili.
| Isizathu sovavanyo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukufunda ngookhokho | Olu vavanyo lunokukunceda ukulandelela ukhokho wakho emva kwizizukulwana ezili-10. Lunokukunika nombono wendawo (kungekuphela nje isixeko, kodwa mhlawumbi iphondo elikhulu) apho ookhokho bakho babehlala khona. Ukuba iziphumo zichanekile, ungafumanisa nokuba unazo na izalamane zakho eziphilayo okanye ezisandula ukushona. |
| Ukuqinisekisa ubutata (Uvavanyo lobutata) | Le yenye yezona ndlela zixhaphakileyo zokuvavanya i-DNA. Isetyenziselwa ukusombulula umbuzo wokuba ngubani uyise womntwana ophilayo. I-DNA yomntwana ithelekiswa ne-DNA yomntu orhanelwa ukuba nguyise. Ukuba kukho ukufana kwe-99.9%, ubutata buyaqinisekiswa. |
| Isayensi yeForensic | Njengeminwe yeminwe, i-DNA yomntu yahlukile. Kwiindawo zolwaphulo-mthetho, abaphandi baqokelela iisampulu ze-DNA kwiinwele, ulusu, isidoda kunye negazi. Ezi ziyahlalutywa ukunceda ekusombululeni ulwaphulo-mthetho. |
| Ukujonga iingozi zempilo | Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo kwisayensi yezonyango. Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa ukuba kukho na utshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo (`iintlobo zezakhi zofuzo`) ezonyusa umngcipheko wokufumana izifo ezithile okanye izifo ezithile zezakhi zofuzo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba wenza olu hlobo lovavanyo, ngokuqinisekileyo yinto ekufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho kwaye uyenze ngokwecebiso lakhe. Umzekelo, ungafumanisa malunga ne-`(i-BRCA gene)` enxulumene nomhlaza wamabele kunye ne-ovarian. |
Zichane kangakanani ezi vavanyo ze-DNA?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyiqonde apha kukuba ezi mvavanyo azichanekanga ngokupheleleyo . Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zaloo nto.
Ngamafutshane, ukuchaneka kweziphumo kuxhomekeka ekubeni isiseko sedatha se-DNA esinaso sibanzi kwaye sahlukahlukene kangakanani na.
Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziphambili zokuba iziphumo zisenokungachaneki okanye zahluke:
- Inkampani nganye inesiseko sayo sedatha: ukuba unika inkampani ezimbini isampuli efanayo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ufumane iziphumo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kuba zithelekisa i-DNA yakho nolwazi olukwisiseko sedatha yazo.
- Ukunqongophala kwedatha kwamanye amaqela eentlanga: Idatha ye-DNA yabantu baseAfrika, baseMpuma Asia, baseMzantsi Melika, ingakumbi abantu baseMzantsi Asia (kuquka nathi) ilinganiselwe kwiidathabheyisi zezi nkampani. Ngoko ke ukuchaneka kweziphumo zomntu ovela kulolo hlobo lwemvelaphi kunokuncipha.
- Ukungayivavanyi yonke i-DNA yakho: Olu vavanyo alujongi yonke i-DNA yakho. Lugxila kuphela kwii-"SNPs - Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms" ezingamakhulu ambalwa kwizigidi zotshintsho oluncinci kwi-DNA yethu.
- Imida yovavanyo lwe-chromosome ye-Y: Olu vavanyo lujonga kuphela umnombo katata wakho. Ngoko ke aluniki naluphi na ulwazi malunga nomnombo kamama wakho.
Udlula njani kwi-DNA ukuze ufumane imbali yosapho?
Ukufumana umthi wosapho lwakho akupheleli nje ekuvavanyweni kwe-DNA. Kufana nebali labacuphi. Kufuneka uphande amaxwebhu amadala, uthethe nezalamane, kwaye ujonge izikhokelo. Akulula rhoqo, kwaye ulwazi oluthile lusenokungabikho okanye lungaphelelanga. Kodwa iziphumo zifanelekile umzamo.
Zeziphi iindlela esinokuzisebenzisa eSri Lanka?
- Buza izalamane ezindala:Umntu omdala kusapho lwakho ngumthombo wakho wolwazi oxabisekileyo. Thetha nootatomkhulu noomakhulu, ootatomkhulu noomakhulu, kunye noomalume. Babuze ngamabali, amagama amadala, kunye neendawo abazaziyo. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho "igama lendlu" (igama le-ge), kwaye igama elifanayo linokubhalwa ngokwahlukileyo (umz. uPerera, uPerera).
- Fumana amaxwebhu amadala kunye neefoto: Izatifikethi zokuzalwa ezindala, izatifikethi zokufa, amaxwebhu enziweyo, kunye namaxwebhu amadala avela kwiitempile okanye kwiicawa anokugcina ulwazi oluninzi. Kwakhona, khangela kwii-albhamu zeefoto ezindala. Amagama kunye nemihla ebhalwe ngasemva iya kuba luncedo olukhulu kuwe.
- Lumka ngamagama: Kusenokuba kukho abantu abaninzi abanegama elifanayo. Ngoko ke, khangela kungekuphela nje igama, kodwa nexesha ababehlala kulo, ilali, kunye nobudlelwane babo.
- Musa ukunyanzela abantu abangafuni ukuthetha: Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho iziganeko ezibuhlungu nezibuhlungu kwimbali yosapho. Abanye abantu abadala basenokungafuni ukuthetha ngayo. Basenokuhleka bathi, "Awuqondi nokuba ubuza ntoni na, nyana." Ukuba kunjalo, zama ukubuza omnye umntu ozalana naye okanye ummelwane.
Phanda ngembali nenkcubeko yexesha ababephila ookhokho bakho. Oku kuya kukunceda uqonde izigqibo abazenzayo kunye nendlela yabo yokuphila.
Ukwazi imbali yosapho kubaluleke kangakanani ebomini bakho?
Oku akupheleli nje ekwaneliseni umdla. Ukwazi ngemvelaphi yakho kunokukunika amandla amakhulu engqondo kunye nokuzingca.
Kwakhona, olu lwazi lunokukunceda usindise ubomi bakho. Uyazi njani?
Ngokwazi imbali yempilo yosapho lwakho. Fumanisa ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, okanye umhlaza . Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxoxa ngolu lwazi nogqirha wakho. Kuba ke ngoko ungazi kwangaphambili ukuba usemngciphekweni wokufumana ezi zifo kunye nento onokuyenza ukuzithintela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwe-DNA Ancestry luyindlela enye yokukunceda ufumane ulwazi ngemvelaphi yakho. Aluyichazi yonke into.
- Ukuchaneka kweziphumo zovavanyo kuxhomekeke kwisiseko sedatha senkampani eqhuba uvavanyo, kwaye iziphumo zinokwahluka ngokwenkampani.
- Ukuba ufuna ukwenza uvavanyo lwemfuza ukuze ufunde ngeengozi zempilo yakho, soloko unxibelelana nogqirha wakho kwaye ukwenze oko phantsi kwesikhokelo sakhe.
- Ukuze ufumane imbali yosapho lwakho ngokwenene, kubalulekile ukuba ubandakanyeke kuphando, olufana nokuthetha nezalamane ezindala nokukhangela amaxwebhu amadala.
- Ukwazi imbali yempilo yosapho lwakho kubalulekile ekukhuseleni impilo yakho nasekuthinteleni izifo.
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