Sonke siyoyika kancinci xa sisiva igama elithi "umhlaza," akunjalo? Kuqhelekile kakhulu. Kodwa kukho iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza, kwaye ukuba sinolwazi olufanelekileyo ngazo nganye nganye, akufuneki sigcine olo loyiko engqondweni ngokungeyomfuneko. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngolunye lweentlobo zomhlaza ezixhaphakileyo. Yi-Adenocarcinoma leyo. Usenokuba ukhe waliva eli gama ngaphambili. Makhe sijonge ukuba liyintoni na.
Yintoni i-Adenocarcinoma?
Ngamafutshane, i-adenocarcinoma luhlobo lomhlaza oluqala kumadlala emzimbeni wethu. Khawuthelekelele, kukho umaleko weeseli ze-glandular ezingaphakathi kwamalungu ahlukeneyo emzimbeni wethu. Ezi gland zikhupha izinto ezifana ne-mucus (ulwelo olufana ne-mucus) kunye nejusi yokugaya ukutya. Ukuba ngesizathu esithile ezi seli ze-glandular ziqala ukukhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga kwaye zingalawuleki, ii-tumor zinokwakheka apho. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-adenocarcinoma, umhlaza okhula ngale ndlela.
Enyanisweni, olu lolona hlobo lomhlaza luxhaphakileyo oluvela kwizitho zomzimba. Kukho amalungu amaninzi anokuchaphazeleka ngulo mhlaza:
- Isifuba
- Ikholoni/i-rectum
- Umqala womqala
- Imiphunga
- I-Pancreas
- I-Prostate
- Isisu
Ngaba lo mhlaza ungasasazeka nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba?
Ewe, ngelishwa inokwenzeka. Nangona umhlaza we-adenocarcinoma uqala kumadlala, unokusasazeka uye nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba ngokuhamba kwexesha. Umzekelo, unokusasazeka uye kwingqondo, esibindini, kwii-lymph nodes, emathanjeni, kwanasemongweni wethambo.
Oogqirha bachaza oku kusasazeka ngeendlela ezimbini eziphambili:
1. I-adenocarcinoma ehlaselayo: Kulapho iiseli zomhlaza zisasazeka khona ukusuka apho zaqala khona ukuya kwizicubu ezijikelezileyo kunye nee-lymph nodes ezikufutshane, njengeengcambu zesityalo ezisasazeka emhlabeni.
2. I-Metastatic adenocarcinoma: Oku kwenzeka xa iiseli zomhlaza ziphuma kwithumba lokuqala, zihamba ngemithambo yegazi okanye kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic, zize zenze iithumba ezintsha kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba. Kufana nembewu edada emoyeni, ikhula ibe sisityalo esitsha.
Ziziphi iimpawu zomhlaza we-adenocarcinoma?
Iimpawu zoku zahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo apho umhlaza ukhoyo, kodwa kukho iimpawu ezithile eziqhelekileyo.
- Intlungu kwindawo apho umhlaza ukhoyo.
- Ukubakho kwegazi kulwelo lomzimba (umz. umchamo, ilindle, amathe).
- Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo ekutyeni okanye ekubunzimeni komzimba.
- Ukudumba.
Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezithile zalo mhlaza ezinxulumene nesitho ngasinye. Olu lwazi luya kuba lula kuwe ukuliqonda ngetafile.
| Indawo okhoyo umhlaza | Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Imiphunga | Iimpawu zokuqala kukukhwehlela okungapheliyo. Ukukhwehlela kunokubangela i-mucus kunye negazi elincinci. Ukongeza, kunokubakho ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla okuncinci, kunye nokurhawuzelela. |
| Isifuba | Idla ngokubonwa nge-mammogram ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka uqaphele izinto ezifana notshintsho kwimo okanye ubungakanani bebele, ukutshintsha kombala wesikhumba sebele okanye ingono, utshintsho lolusu (njengexolo leorenji), okanye ukuphuma kwegazi kwingono. |
| Ikholoni/i-rectum | Ithumba lisenokungabonakalisi zimpawu de libe likhulu. Nokuba kukho ukopha endle, lisenokuba lincinci kangangokuba lingabonakali emehlweni. Iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesisu, urhudo, okanye ukuqhina nazo zinokubakho. |
| I-Pancreas | Uninzi lwabantu luba neempawu emva kwexesha lokugula. Iimpawu zokuqala ziintlungu zesisu kunye nokuncipha kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo. Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya iintlungu zomqolo, iintlungu zesifuba, isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza, kunye nendle enamanzi. |
| I-Prostate | Amaxesha amaninzi akukho zimpawu kwisigaba sokuqala. Njengoko esi sifo siqhubeka, sinokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile okanye isidingo sokuchama rhoqo kunesiqhelo. |
| Umqala womqala | Iimpawu zingabandakanya ubunzima bokuginya, ukungagayi kakuhle kokutya, ukukhwehlela, ukurhawuzelela, kunye nokuqina okanye ukutsha kwesifuba. |
| Isisu | Iimpawu ezifana nokuziva ugcwele, ubunzima bokuginya, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokungagaywa kokutya zinokubakho nasemva kokutya kancinci. |
Yintoni ebangela i-adenocarcinoma?
Lo mhlaza uvela xa iiseli kumadlala ethu ziqala ukwahlukana ngokungalawulekiyo. Iingcali azinakutsho rhoqo ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka kwabanye abantu. Nangona kunjalo, zichonge izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela oku.
- Ukutshaya: Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba yeyona nto iphambili ebangela umhlaza omninzi, kuquka i-adenocarcinoma.
- Imbali yosapho: Ukuba umama wakho, utata, umnakwenu, udadewenu, okanye utatomkhulu wakho ukhe waba nalo mhlaza, nawe usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nawo.
- Ukusela utywala: Ukusela utywala rhoqo, ingakumbi ukuba kukho imbali yomhlaza kusapho, kwandisa umngcipheko.
- Ukuvezwa kwiityhefu: Ukuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezinobungozi eziyingozi ekhaya okanye emsebenzini nako kunokuba yimbangela.
- Isalathisi sobunzima bomzimba (BMI) esingaphezulu kwama-25: Oku kuthetha ukuba ukutyeba/ukutyeba kakhulu yimbangela yomngcipheko kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza.
- Unyango lwemitha lwangaphambili: Ukuba ukhe wasebenzisa unyango lwemitha ngaphambili ngesizathu esinye, umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-adenocarcinoma unokwanda kancinci.
Ufunyaniswa njani lo mhlaza?
Ukuba uneempawu, ugqirha wakho uya kuqala akuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni. Emva koko, emva kokubuza ngeempawu zakho, baya kukucebisa ukuba wenze uvavanyo olufunekayo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Amanqanaba aphezulu ee-enzyme ezithile egazini kunye nokwehla kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunokubonelela ngeenkcukacha malunga nomhlaza.
- I-CT scan: Oku kunokuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ezinemilinganiselo emithathu (3D) yezicubu ezingaphakathi emzimbeni. Oku kunokunceda ukubona ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga na.
- I-MRI scan: Oku kusebenzisa iimagnethi kunye namaza erediyo ukuvelisa imifanekiso yamalungu kunye nezicubu zomzimba.
- Uvavanyo lwe-biopsy: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo nolucacileyo.Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicubu esikwilungu elichaphazelekayo size silihlole phantsi kwe-microscope yingcali yezifo ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza na. Olu vavanyo lunokubonisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba umhlaza ukwindawo enye, usasazeke kangakanani, kwaye ukhule kangakanani.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba uneempawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ungoyiki ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo ngumhlaza. Ezi mpawu zinokubakho nakwezinye iimeko ezininzi zonyango. Ke ngoko, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha kwaye ucele ingcebiso.
Inqanaba kunye nomgangatho womhlaza zichongwa njani?
Wakuba umhlaza ufunyenwe, oogqirha bayawuchonga umgangatho kunye nenqanaba lawo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekucwangciseni unyango.
Uvavanyo lomhlaza
Esikujongayo apha kukuba iiseli zomhlaza aziqhelekanga kangakanani xa zijongwa ngemakroskopu.
- Ezihlulwe kakuhle (ezikumgangatho ophantsi): Iiseli zomhlaza zifana neeseli eziphilileyo kwaye zihlala zikhula kwaye zisasazeka ngokuqhelekileyo.
- Zahlulwe ngokulinganisela (Ibanga eliphakathi): Ezi seli aziqhelekanga kwaye zikhula ngokukhawuleza kuneentlobo ezingasentla.
- Azinazo iimpawu ezahlulwe kakubi (ezikumgangatho ophezulu): Iiseli zomhlaza zahlukile kakhulu kwaye aziqhelekanga kwiiseli eziphilileyo. Zinokukhula kwaye zisasazeke ngokukhawuleza.
Uhlalutyo lomhlaza
Esikujongayo apha kukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani.
- Inqanaba 0: Umhlaza awukasasazeki ngaphaya kwendawo oqale kuyo.
- Inqanaba loku-1 (1): Iiseli zomhlaza zisasazeke kancinci kwizicwili ezingqongileyo, kodwa azisasazeki kwiindawo ze-lymph nodes okanye kwezinye izitho zomzimba.
- Inqanaba lesiBini (2): Umhlaza usasazeke nzulu kancinci kwizicwili ezijikelezileyo. Usenokuba usasazeke nakwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane.
- Inqanaba lesi-3 (3): Umhlaza usenokuba usasazeke kwiindawo ezinzulu zezicubu, ii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane nezikude, kwaye ithumba lisenokuba likhulu kweli nqanaba.
- Inqanaba lesi-4 (4): Umhlaza usasazeke ukusuka apho waqala khona ukuya kumalungu akude emzimbeni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza osasazekayo .
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-adenocarcinoma?
Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza, indawo okuyo, ubungakanani bawo, nokuba usasazeke na. Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zonyango.
1. Utyando: Olu lunyango lokuqala oluqhelekileyo. Injongo kukususa ithumba elinomhlaza ngotyando kunye nenani elincinci lezicubu eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo.
2. Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Oku kuquka ukunika amayeza anamandla anokubulala iiseli zomhlaza. La mayeza anokunikwa ngeenaliti okanye njengeepilisi.
3.Unyango ngemitha: Oku kusebenzisa imitha enamandla aphezulu (njenge-X-ray) ukujolisa nokutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza ngelixa kunciphisa umonakalo kwizicubu ezisempilweni.
Rhoqo, olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi ndlela zonyango zisetyenziswa kunye ukuze kufunyanwe iziphumo ezilungileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela oku ngokweenkcukacha.
Singenza ntoni ukunciphisa umngcipheko?
Nangona kungekho ndlela yokuthintela ngokupheleleyo i-adenocarcinoma, kukho izinto ezininzi esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuyifumana.
- Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo iimveliso zecuba.
- Hlala usebenza. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzilolonga yonke imihla.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo. Yitya imifuno, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno engakumbi.
- Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni.
- Fumana uhlolo lwezonyango rhoqo. Kubalulekile ukufumana uhlolo oluyimfuneko njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha wakho, ingakumbi ukuba unembali yosapho lwakho yomhlaza.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba unempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu esizixubushileyo ngaphambili ezihlala ixesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezimbini , qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Kwakhona, ukuba ezi mpawu ziphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, funa ingcebiso yezonyango ngoko nangoko. Khumbula, okukhona isifo sifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona unyango luya kuphumelela.
Iimvakalelo eziza nokuxilongwa ukuba unomhlaza ziyinkimbinkimbi. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika, unomsindo, kwaye ulusizi. Khumbula ukuba awuwedwa. Iqela lakho lezonyango, usapho, kunye nabahlobo bakho bakhona ukukuxhasa. Ukuba nolwazi olupheleleyo ngesifo sakho kunye nonyango kunokukunceda uhlangabezane naso.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Adenocarcinoma luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza oluqala kumadlala omzimba.
- Lo mhlaza udla ngokufumaneka kwizitho zomzimba ezifana nemiphunga, ibele, amathumbu amakhulu, ipancreas, kunye nesisu.
- Lumka ngeempawu ezinje ngokukhohlela okungapheliyo, ukwehla kobunzima bomzimba, igazi eliphuma esitulweni, kunye nobunzima bokuginya.
- Umngcipheko ungancitshiswa ngokuphepha ukutshaya notywala kunye nokulandela indlela yokuphila esempilweni.
- Ukuba ukrokrela naziphi na iimpawu, musa ukoyika okanye ukulibazisa, kodwa qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kubalulekile ukuze unyango luphumelele.
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