Khawuthelekelele ufumana iqhuma elincinci emlonyeni wakho, mhlawumbi phantsi kolwimi lwakho okanye esidleleni sakho. Alibuhlungu konke konke, ngoko usenokungalinaki kangako. Kodwa nokuba yinto encinci kangaka kubalulekile ukuyiqaphela. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo lomhlaza olunokuqala ngeempawu ezifana nezi, nto leyo engaqhelekanga kodwa kufuneka sazi ngayo. Yiyo leyo i-Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma, okanye i-ACC.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC)?
Ngamafutshane, i-ACC luhlobo lomhlaza olungaqhelekanga. Idla ngokuqala kumathe emlonyeni wethu. Ubusazi ukuba kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zamathe emlonyeni wethu?
1. Ii-Parotid glands: Ezi zifumaneka kufutshane neendlebe, kumacala omabini ezidlele.
2. Ii-submandibular glands: Ezi zifumaneka phantsi komhlathi wethu ongezantsi.
3. Ii-sublingual glands: Ezi zifumaneka phantsi kolwimi.
Umhlaza we-ACC uqala kakhulu kwezi glands, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha unokuvela kwezinye iindawo zomlomo, emqaleni, kwiiglands zokubila, okanye nakwiiglands zokukrazula.
Enye yeempawu ezikhethekileyo zalo mhlaza kukuba ukhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha unokusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale iimpawu. Kwaye nasemva konyango nokunyangwa, unokuphinda ubuye emva kweminyaka emininzi.
Zithini iimpawu zoku?
Uphawu oluphambili noluqalayo lomhlaza we-ACC lunokuba liqhuma elingenabuhlungu elivela emlonyeni, phantsi kolwimi, okanye ngaphakathi esidleleni. La maqhuma akhula abe makhulu ngakumbi nangakumbi. Ukongeza kolu phawu luphambili, kukho nezinye iimpawu ezininzi ezinokubonwa.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuginya | Uziva ngathi uyakrwitshwa xa uginya ukutya nokusela. |
| Utshintsho lwelizwi | Ilizwi liyatshona okanye lihluke kunesiqhelo. |
| Ubuso obungenamsebenzi okanye iintlungu | Ngenxa yokuba lo mhlaza unokusasazeka ngemithambo-luvo, ezinye iindawo zobuso zinokuba nentlungu okanye ukungabi nanto. |
| Ubuthathaka bemisipha yobuso | Ukuziva ngathi icala elinye lobuso liyatsalwa okanye kunzima ukulawula izihlunu. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngempumlo | Ukuxinana kwempumlo okanye ukopha kwempumlo. |
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, nceda ungazityesheli. Bona ugqirha wosapho lwakho ngoko nangoko. Uya kukwazi ukufumanisa unobangela ochanekileyo.
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Xa ubona ugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Oko kukuthi, ulibonile nini iqhuma, nokuba liyakhula, nokuba libuhlungu, nokuba uziva ungenamthungo, njl. Emva koko uza kuhlola umlomo wakho, ubuso kunye nentamo yakho ngononophelo. Uza kujonga nokuba akukho lymph nodes zidumbileyo entanyeni yakho.
Ukongeza, kunokwenziwa iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.
- Uvavanyo lweMifanekiso: Ezi scan zinceda ekuqinisekiseni ubungakanani obuchanekileyo bethumba, indawo elikuyo, kunye nokuba umhlaza usasazeke na.
- I-MRI (iMagnetic Resonance Imaging): Isebenzisa intsimi yemagnethi ukufumana imifanekiso eneenkcukacha.
- I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography): Kuqokelelwa uthotho lwee-X-ray ukuze kwenziwe imifanekiso eneenkcukacha.
- I-PET scan (i-Positron Emission Tomography): Inceda ekuchongeni iindawo zeeseli zomhlaza ngemifanekiso enemibala.
- I-Biopsy: Olu luvavanyo olwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo ukuba ngumhlaza okanye akunjalo. Apha, kuthathwa isampuli encinci kakhulu yezicubu kwithumba ize ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Olu vavanyo luhlolwa yingcali yezifo.
Kutheni olu hlobo lomhlaza luvela?
Oogqirha abakayazi eyona nto ibangela i-ACC, kodwa bakholelwa ukuba lo mhlaza ubangelwa lutshintsho oluthile (utshintsho) kwiijini zethu.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba olu tshintsho lwemfuza aluzuzwa njengelifa. Oko kukuthi, aludluliselwa kumzali ukuya emntwaneni. Lutshintsho olwenzeka ngokungacwangciswanga ebomini, mhlawumbi ngenxa yezinto ezifana nee-carcinogens ezikwindalo esingqongileyo.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Unyango oluphambili lwe-ACC kukususwa kwethumba ngotyando kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo.
1. Utyando
Uhlobo lotyando olwenziweyo luxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo ithumba. I-salivary gland echaphazelekayo isuswa kunye nethumba, nokuba lilonke okanye inxalenye yalo. Ngenxa yokuba umhlaza we-ACC unokusasazeka kwimithambo-luvo, oogqirha bahlola ngononophelo imithambo-luvo ejikelezileyo ngexesha lotyando. Ngamanye amaxesha imithambo-luvo elawula iintshukumo zobuso inokonakala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba oku kuyenzeka, iindlela zotyando eziphambili ezifana nokuvuselelwa kobuso zingasetyenziselwa ukubuyisela loo mithambo-luvo ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo.
2. Unyango lweMisebe
Emva kotyando, unyango lwemitha ludla ngokunikezelwa ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, olu nyango lusetyenziswa xa utyando lungenakwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, olu nyango lunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nomlomo owomileyo, ubunzima bokuginya, kunye nokonakala kwamazinyo. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nogqirha wakho kunye nogqirha wamazinyo ngexesha lonyango.
3. Ezinye iindlela zonyango
Kwezinye iimeko eziphucukileyo, oogqirha banokuqwalasela izinto ezifana ne-chemotherapy okanye unyango olujoliswe kulo. Ezi ziindlela zonyango ezisasekwinqanaba lophando.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango?
I-ACC ngumhlaza odla ngokubuya. Kungoko ke, kunyanzelekile ukuba uye kuhlolo rhoqo kunye neeskeni emva konyango. Ngokutsho kogqirha, ngokwenza olu vavanyo ngexesha, ukuba umhlaza uphinda ubuye, unokufunyaniswa kwaye unyangwe kwasekuqaleni.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba nangona kukho izibalo malunga namazinga okusinda, ziqikelelo nje kuphela. Isigulana ngasinye sahlukile, kwaye kunjalo nangeempendulo zaso kunyango. Ke ngoko, ulwazi olungcono malunga nemeko yakho lunokufumaneka kugqirha okunyangayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) luhlobo olungaqhelekanga lomhlaza oluvela kwiindlala zamathe.
- Uphawu lokuqala lusenokuba yiqhuma elingenabuhlungu emlonyeni okanye entanyeni.
- Kwakhona qaphela iimpawu ezinje ngokutshintsha kwelizwi, ubunzima bokuginya, kunye nokungaziva mnandi kobuso.
- Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukoyika kwaye ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Unyango oluphambili lutyando, lulandelwe lunyango lwemitha.
- Kwanasemva konyango, umhlaza ungaphinda ubuye, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha .
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