Ngaba kukho ithumba elinje emzimbeni wakho? Masifunde ngalo ngokulula (i-Adrenal Adenoma)!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba ngamanye amaxesha xa senza into efana ne-'scan' yesinye isifo, ngengozi sinokufumana into efihliweyo emzimbeni esingayaziyo ukuba ikhona? Yile ndlela le meko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Adrenal Adenoma' ngamanye amaxesha ifunyanwa ngayo. Ngokwenene le yithumba elincinci, elingenamhlaza, elingenabungozi elenzeka kwiindlala zakho ze-adrenal. Ngaba singathetha ngale nto ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe?

Yintoni kanye kanye i-adrenal adenoma?

Kulungile, masiqale sijonge ukuba ziintoni ii-adrenal glands. Ezi glands zimbini zibekwe phezu kwezintso zakho, njengee-caps ezimbini ezincinci. Ezi zezona zivelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-hormones ezibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Khawucinge nje, umzimba wakho usabela njani xa ngequbuliso uziva usoyika kakhulu okanye uxhalabile? Ii-hormones ezinceda ngaloo nto zivela kwezi glands. Azipheleli apho, kodwa ezi hormones zikwanceda ukulawula izinto ezininzi ezifana nenqanaba leswekile egazini lakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

Kukho iindawo ezimbini eziphambili ze-adrenal gland: inxalenye engaphandle ibizwa ngokuba yi-adrenal cortex, kwaye inxalenye engaphakathi ibizwa ngokuba yi-adrenal medulla. I-adrenal cortex ivelisa iihomoni ezifana ne-`(Cortisol)` kunye ne-`(Aldosterone)`. I-adrenal medulla ivelisa iihomoni ezifana ne-`(Dopamine)`, `(Epinephrine)` kunye ne-`(Norepinephrine)`. Kukwi-adrenal cortex apho kuvela khona iithumba esithetha ngazo, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-adrenal adenoma.

Uninzi lwexesha, ezi adenomas azibangeli zimpawu zinkulu kwaye azidingi nyango. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, ezi tumors zinokuvelisa ngaphezu kwesiqhelo i -hormone enye okanye ezingaphezulu ze-adrenal.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-adrenal adenoma?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezimbini kuphela.

• Ii-adenomas ezisebenzayo/ezisebenzayo: Ezi ntlobo zeethumba zivelisa iihomoni ze-adrenal gland ezingaphezulu kunesiqhelo . Oku kunokubangela iimpawu kwaye kunokufuna unyango.
• Ii-adenomas ezingasebenziyo/ezingasebenziyo: Ezi azivelisi iihomoni ezingaphezulu. Uninzi lwee-adrenal adenomas ziwela kolu didi. Ngokwesiqhelo azibangeli zimpawu okanye azifuni unyango.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba amathuba okuba naluphi na uhlobo lube nomhlaza aphantsi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba i-adenoma engasebenziyo isebenze ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ngaba i-adrenal adenoma inokuba ngumhlaza?

Oku kunqabile kakhulu. Oko kukuthi, akunakwenzeka ukuba i-adrenal adenoma iguquke ibe ngumhlaza. Uhlobo oluphambili lwe-cancer tumor olukhula kwi-adrenal glands yi-adrenocortical carcinoma. Njenge-functional adenomas, ezi tumors zomhlaza zinokuvelisa iihomoni ezigqithisileyo. Ke ngoko, ezinye zeempawu zinokufana nezo ze-functional adenomas.

Khawucinge nje, malunga nomntu omnye kwisigidi kuphela ofumana i-adrenocortical carcinoma. Oko kukuthi, uninzi lwee-tumor ezikhula kwi-adrenal glands azinabungozi, azinamhlaza.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana le meko?

Enyanisweni, nabani na unokuba ne-adrenal adenoma. Nangona kunjalo, amathuba okuba ikhule kancinci njengoko ukhula. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa phakathi kwe-3% kunye ne-9% yabemi banale adenoma. Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwethumba olukhula kwi-adrenal glands.

I-adrenal adenoma iyichaphazela njani umzimba wakho?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, iingxaki zivela kwi-adenomas esebenzayo. Ezi zinokukhupha ngaphezulu komlinganiselo ofanelekileyo wehomoni enye okanye ezingaphezulu. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, unokufumana iimpawu zezinye iingxaki ze-adrenal. Umzekelo:

• I-Cushing's syndrome okanye i-hypercortisolism: Le meko yenzeka xa amadlala akho e-adrenal evelisa i-hormone cortisol eninzi. I-Cushing's syndrome idla ngokubangelwa yi-pituitary tumor, kodwa inokubangelwa yi-adrenal tumor. Iimpawu ziquka uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukutyeba (ingakumbi ecaleni kwesisu), kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwesondo . Ingakwandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nesifo seswekile.

• I-aldosteronism ephambili (i-Conn's syndrome): Oku kwenzeka xa i-adenoma ivelisa i-hormone aldosterone eninzi kakhulu. Iimpawu ziquka amanqanaba aphantsi e-potassium, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, iintloko ezibuhlungu, ukudinwa, kunye nobuthathaka bemisipha .

• Iziphumo zeehomoni zesini: Kunqabile kakhulu, i-adrenal adenoma inokubangela ukuveliswa kakhulu kweehomoni zesini. Ukuba ii-androgens (ezifana ne-testosterone) ziyanda kwabasetyhini, zinokubangela imijikelo yokuya exesheni engacwangciswanga, iinwele zomzimba ezigqithisileyo (i-hirsutism), kunye nokutshona kwelizwi. Ukuba i-estrogen iyanda kwamadoda, zinokubangela ukuncipha komnqweno wesondo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-adrenal adenoma?

Iimpawu zibangelwa kukusebenza kakuhle kwe-adenomas. Ezi mpawu zinokwenzeka, ingakumbi ukuba zibangela ukuveliswa kakhulu kwe-cortisol (i-Cushing's syndrome) okanye i-aldosterone (i-aldosteronism ephambili). Jonga ukuba unayo na kwezi:

• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha okanye ngamanye amaxesha ukuba ndindisholo.
• Ukudinwa kunye neentlungu zomzimba (ezifana neentlungu zomqolo).
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).
• Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini okanye isifo seswekile.
• Amanqanaba aphantsi e-potassium.
• Amabala okuzolula eluswini lwesisu.
• Ukwanda kobunzima, ingakumbi kwindawo ephezulu yomzimba.
• Utshintsho lweemvakalelo (ixhala, uloyiko, ukudakumba, njl.njl.).

Kwabasetyhini, imijikelo yokuya exesheni engaqhelekanga kunye neempawu ezikhulayo zamadoda (ukuchasana kwe-virilization) zinokwenzeka. Kwabesilisa, ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwesondo kunokubakho.

Zithini izizathu ze-adrenal adenoma?

Abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni i-adrenal adenomas kunye nezinye izimila ze-adrenal gland ezingezizo ezikhula. Nangona kunjalo, bafumanise ukuba iimeko ezithile zemfuza zinokunyusa umngcipheko. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya:

• I-Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia, uhlobo 1 (MEN1)
• I-Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)
• Indawo kaCarney
• Isifo seLi-Fraumeni
• Uhlobo lwe-Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 2 (MEN2)
• Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis 1

Ukongeza, izinto ezinje ngokutyeba kakhulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwecuba nazo zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-adrenal adenoma.

Zifunyaniswa njani ii-tumor ze-adrenal?

Abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba bane-adrenal adenoma. Ifunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lenkqubo yokufota, njenge-CT scan, eyenziwe ngesinye isizathu. Yiyo loo nto ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba "zii-incidentalomas," kuba zifunyanwa ngengozi.

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala agqibe ukuba ingaba ithumba lingumhlaza (umz., i-adrenocortical carcinoma) okanye alinabungozi (umz., i-adrenal adenoma). Ukuba yi-adrenal adenoma, baza kuyivavanya ukuze babone ukuba ivelisa iihomoni ezininzi na.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo koku?

Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba, akubuze ngeempawu zakho kunye nembali yakho yezonyango, aze emva koko acele uvavanyo olufana nolu ukuze afunde ngakumbi ngesi sifo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi okanye lomchamo:Ezi zinokujonga amanqanaba aphezulu eehomoni emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba unethumba elisebenzayo, amanqanaba akho eehomoni asenokuphakama. Kusenokufuneka uqokelele isampuli yomchamo iiyure ezingama-24 kwaye ujonge amanqanaba akho e-cortisol.
• Ukufota: I-CT scan lolona vavanyo luqhelekileyo olusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-adrenal adenoma. Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-MRI. Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ithumba liyingozi (umhlaza) okanye alinabungozi (lingenabungozi). Umzekelo, iithumba ezinkulu kuneesentimitha ezi-4 zinokuba nomhlaza kuneethumba ezincinci.
• I-Biopsy: Ukuba ezinye iimvavanyo azikwazi ukufumanisa ukuba iqhuma linomhlaza okanye liyi-adrenal adenoma, ugqirha wakho angenza i-biopsy ebizwa ngokuba yi-fine-needle aspiration. Oku kuquka ukususa iqhekeza elincinci lezicubu kwiqhuma ngenaliti encinci. Ingcali yezifo, ingcali yelebhu, emva koko ihlola izicubu phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze ibone ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu zomhlaza.

Ezinye iimvavanyo, ezinje ngesampulu yemithambo ye-adrenal okanye i-scan ye-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG), nazo zinokwenziwa.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-adrenal adenoma?

Unyango olufumanayo luya kuxhomekeka ekubeni ithumba alisebenzi okanye alisebenzi (oko kukuthi, livelisa iihomoni ezininzi kakhulu).

• Ukuba ithumba elingasebenziyo lincinci, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo nge-CT ukuze ubone ukuba liyakhula okanye liyaqala ukusebenza. Ukuba ithumba likhula ngokukhawuleza, okanye ukuba likufutshane neesentimitha ezi-5, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando. Oku kungenxa yokuba iithumba ezinkulu kunye nokukhula ngokukhawuleza zinokuba ngumhlaza.

• Kwizimila ezisebenzayo, utyando ludla ngokufuneka. Iindlela zonyango ziquka:

• Utyando lwe-Adrenal – Olu lukususwa kwe-adrenal gland: Ukuba ithumba lincinci kwaye alinabungozi, ugqirha wakho unokususa i-adrenal gland yakho esebenzisa i-laparoscopy. Ngexesha le-laparoscopy, ugqirha wenza imingxunya embalwa esiswini sakho aze enze utyando ngayo . Ukuba ithumba likhulu okanye kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba linokuba ngumhlaza, ugqirha wakho unokusika i-adrenal gland enkulu emqolo wakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-adrenal gland eseleyo inokuvelisa iihomoni ezaneleyo zokukugcina usempilweni. Ukuba akunjalo, unokufuna unyango lweehomoni ukuze kuthathelwe indawo ukungabikho kweehomoni.

• Amayeza:Ukuba awungomntu ufanelekileyo oza kutyandwa, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okuthintela i-adenoma ekuveliseni iihomoni ezininzi kakhulu. Kusenokufuneka uthathe amayeza iiveki ezimbalwa emva kotyando lwe-adrenal ukuze uzinzise amanqanaba ehomoni yakho.

Ngaba iithumba ze-adrenal gland zingathintelwa?

Akukho ndlela yokuthintela ii-tumor ze-adrenal, kuquka ii-adrenal adenomas. Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wazo zihlala zisekelwe kwiijini zakho. Nangona kunjalo, usenokufumana i-adrenal adenoma nokuba akukho mntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nee-tumor ze-adrenal.

Injani imeko yexesha elide emva konyango?

Iziphumo zotyando lwe-adrenal zilungile kakhulu. Nje ukuba i-adrenal gland echaphazelekayo isuswe, iimpawu ezibangelwa yi-adrenal adenoma esebenzayo zihlala zinyamalala.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-adrenal adenoma engasebenziyo, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho malunga nokuba kufuneka wenze uvavanyo kangaphi. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba lakho, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe ii-CT scans rhoqo okanye uvavanyo lweehomoni.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Xa undwendwela ugqirha wakho, ungalibali ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Luhlobo luni lwe-adrenal gland tumor endinayo?
• Ingaba ayinobungozi okanye inomhlaza?
• Zithini amathuba okuba ithumba lam liguquke libe ngumhlaza?
• Ngaba le isebenzayo okanye ayisebenzi?
• Ngaba ndifuna unyango?
• Loluphi unyango olucebisayo?
• Ngaba inkqubo yam yonyango/yokunyanga iza kufuna unyango lwehomoni?

Khumbula, ukuba ugqirha wakho ufumana ithumba kwi-adrenal gland yakho xa eskeniwe, ungoyiki. Uninzi lwexesha, la mathumba awanabungozi. Ukuba ithumba lakho liyi-adrenal adenoma, uvavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba livelisa iihomoni ezininzi na. Ukuba kunjalo, utyando lunokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo. Ukuba ithumba alinabungozi, ugqirha wakho unokulijonga ukuqinisekisa ukuba alichaphazeli iihomoni zakho. Ukuba bacinga ukuba linokuba ngumhlaza, banokulisusa.

Ekugqibeleni, umyalezo wokubuyela ekhaya

Ngoko ke, i-adrenal adenoma ayisoloko ixhalabile. Uninzi lwayo alunabungozi kwaye alunamhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zazo zinokuvelisa iihomoni ezininzi kakhulu, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele. Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye imibuzo malunga noku, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha. Emva koko unokufumana ingcebiso efanelekileyo kunye nonyango olufunekayo. Hlala usempilweni!

I- adrenal adenoma, iihomoni, ii-adrenal glands, i-Cushing's syndrome, i-Conn's syndrome, iithumba, ezingezizo zomhlaza