Ngaba nawe uhlangabezana nokulahlekelwa kukuva njengoko ukhula? (Presbycusis) Masithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ucele umntu ukuba "aphinde athethe" xa ungayiva kakuhle into ayithethayo? Okanye kufuneka unyuse isandi seTV kancinci? Mhlawumbi awukwazi ukuva izandi ezithambileyo ezifana neentaka ezikhalayo okanye isandi sewotshi yesilumkiso njengoko ubusenza. Ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuba ukuva kwethu kuqala ukwehla kancinci ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ngokwezonyango sibiza le meko ngokuthi ' presbycusis '. Ngamafutshane, oku kukulahlekelwa kukuva okwenzeka ngokuhamba kweminyaka . Kuchaphazela abantu abaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. Enyanisweni, kuthiwa malunga nabantu ababini kwabathathu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-70 ubudala banale meko. Okwangoku akukho nyango lupheleleyo lwale meko, kodwa ngezinto ezifana nezixhobo zokuva, singayilawula le meko kakhulu kwaye sifumane uncedo lokuva ngcono.

Zithini iimpawu ze-presbycusis?

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, eyona nto iphambili kukuba awuva kakuhle njengoko ubuqhele ukuva. Ezi mpawu azibonakali ngaxeshanye, kodwa ziyanda kancinci kancinci. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, isenokuba luphawu lokulahlekelwa kukuva okunxulumene nobudala:

• Ukungakwazi ukuva izandi ezithambileyo nezivakala kancinci, ezifana nokucula kweentaka okanye isandi sewotshi yesilumkiso. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba ubuvuka kusasa uva isandi sentaka ikhala, ngoku awusasiva konke konke.
• Xa uthetha ngefowuni, ubukele iTV, okanye umamele into ekwikhompyutha , kufuneka unyuse isandi. Abanye abantu endlwini banokucinga ukuba isandi siphezulu kakhulu.
• Ukuziva rhoqo izandi ezahlukeneyo ezindlebeni. Z… Isandi esikhalayo okanye esirhawuzelayo. Sikwabiza oku ngokuba yi-tinnitus .
• Kunokuba nzima ukuqonda ngokucacileyo into ethethwa ngumntu kwindawo enabantu abaninzi, njengakwitheko okanye kwindawo yokutyela, apho ingxolo iphezulu khona. Amagama asenokubonakala ngathi axutyiwe okanye avakala ngathi aphukile.

Kutheni ukulahleka kokuva kwenzeka ngolu hlobo? Zithini izizathu ze-presbycusis?

I-Presbycusis ngokwenene kukulahlekelwa kukuva okubangelwa kukonakala kweeseli ezikwindlebe yethu yangaphakathi. Oogqirha bayibiza le nto ngokuba kukulahlekelwa kukuva kwe-sensorineural . Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinobungozi ezinokuchaphazela le meko:

• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho, umzekelo umama, utata, umakhulu, okanye utatomkhulu wakho, uye waba nengxaki yokungeva njengoko ekhula, nawe usenokuba sengozini. Oku kusenokuba yimfuza.
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamanye amayeza (i-Ototoxicity): Kukho amanye amayeza, xa esetyenziswa rhoqo, anokonakalisa iiseli ezikwindlebe yethu yangaphakathi aze abangele ukulahleka kokuva. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-ototoxicity . Ngoko ke, kufuneka uqaphele xa usebenzisa amanye amayeza ngaphandle kwalawo amiselwe ngugqirha.
• Ukuvezwa yingxolo egqithisileyo:Abantu abasebenza kwiindawo ezinengxolo ixesha elide, okanye abamamela umculo rhoqo ngesandi esiphezulu ngee-headphones, banokukhawuleza babe neengxaki zokuva. Uphando lufumanise ukuba abantu abanengxaki yokuva ngenxa yengxolo (ukulahlekelwa kukuva ngenxa yengxolo) banokuba namathuba amaninzi okufumana i-presbycusis, imeko eyenzeka njengoko bekhula . Khawucinge nje, ukuba ubusebenza kumzi-mveliso onoomatshini abakhwazayo ukususela usemncinci, okanye ukuba ubusoloko ukufutshane nezithethi kwiikonsathi zomculo, oku kunokukuchaphazela.

Ukongeza kwezi zizathu ziphambili, kukho nezinye izifo uphando olufumanise ukuba zinxulunyaniswa nokulahlekelwa kukuva njengoko sikhula. Ezi zifo ziquka:

• Isifo sentliziyo, ingakumbi isifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo (CAD) .
• Isifo seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus) .
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (iHypertension) .
• Iimeko ezifana nestroke .

Ezi zifo zinokuphazamisa ukuhanjiswa kwegazi endlebeni engaphakathi, nto leyo enokubangela ukulahlekelwa kukuva.

Ziziphi ezinye iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yale meko?

I-Presbycusis ayikokulahlekelwa nje kukuva. Xa unengxaki yokuqonda into ethethwa ngumntu, ungaziva uxhalabile okanye uxhalabile malunga nokuthetha nabanye. Ukubuza , "Usandul' ukuthini?" ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokuba yintloni. Oku kunokubangela ukuba abanye abantu bazikhwebule kuluntu baze bazame ukuba bodwa. Uphando lubonise ukuba le meko inokubangela oku kulandelayo:

• Ukubekwa wedwa koluntu.
• Umngcipheko okhulayo wokuba neengxaki zempilo yengqondo ezifana nesifo sokuxhalaba okanye ukudakumba .

Khawucinge nje, abahlobo bakho bahleka into ehlekisayo, kodwa awuyiva kakuhle kwaye awukwazi ukuhleka. Oko bekuya kukwenza uzive ulusizi, akunjalo?

Ifunyanwa njani i-presbycusis?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unengxaki yokuva, qala ubonane nogqirha wakho wosapho (umboneleli wezempilo oyintloko). Uza kuhlola iindlebe zakho.

• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha uza kujonga ngaphakathi ezindlebeni zakho ukuze abone ukuba i-eardrum yakho yonakele, idumbile, okanye inosulelo na. Oku kwenziwa kusetyenziswa isixhobo esincinci esibizwa ngokuba yi-otoscope . Inelensi yokukhulisa enokukhanya.
• Uvavanyo lokuva: Okulandelayo, ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela kwingcali yendlebe, ingcali ye -audiologist , eya kwenza uvavanyo lokuva olwahlukeneyo. Uvavanyo oluphambili olusetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-presbycusis luvavanyo lwethoni ecocekileyo.Oku kuthetha ukuba ufaka ii-headphones kwaye umamele izandi ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo (iphimbo) kunye nevolumu. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ufumane ukuba loluphi na isandi esizolileyo onokusiva.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-presbycusis?

Ewe, emva kovavanyo olwenziwe yingcali ye-audiologist, ungaxelelwa ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-presbycusis onayo. Olu hlobo lolwahlulo luxhomekeke ekubeni leliphi icala lendlebe yakho yangaphakathi eyonakeleyo. Ukuze uqonde ezi ntlobo, kuyanceda ukwazi okuncinci malunga nendlela esebenza ngayo indlebe yethu yangaphakathi kunye nendlela esiva ngayo.

• Indlebe yethu engaphakathi inenxalenye efana nenkumba ebizwa ngokuba yi-cochlea . Ngaphakathi kuyo kukho amawaka eeseli ezincinci ezifana neenwele ezibizwa ngokuba yi-stereocilia .
• Xa ezi seli zeenwele ziva ukungcangcazela kwesandi esivela endlebeni yethu ephakathi, ziyayiguqula ibe yi-electrical impulse zize ziyithumele kwi- auditory nerve yethu.
• Le mithambo-luvo yokuva idibanisa iindlebe zethu nengqondo. Ingqondo ifumana ezi mpawu ize izitolike njengesandi.

Ngoku makhe sijonge iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-presbycusis:

1. I-Sensory presbycusis: Oku kwenzeka xa iiseli zeenwele zangaphandle kwi -Organ of Corti, ezikwisiseko se-cochlea, zilahleka.

2. I-Neural presbycusis: Ukuze sive kakuhle, iiseli zemithambo-luvo kwi-cochlea kunye nendlela yokuva eya ebuchotsheni kufuneka zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Njengoko sikhula, ezi seli zemithambo-luvo zinokuncipha kancinci kancinci. Eli ligama elinikwa ukukhubazeka kokuva okwenzeka ngenxa yoko.

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Unyango oluphambili nolusetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-presbycusis kukunxiba izixhobo zokuva. Izixhobo zokuva ziyandisa izandi ezikwindawo engaphandle kwaye zizise ezindlebeni zethu. Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo zokuva azinakuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo imeko okanye zibuyisele ukuva okulahlekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, zinokuba luncedo olukhulu ekwenzeni imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla nasekunxibelelaneni nabanye.

Ngaba unyango luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-presbycusis?

Hayi, izixhobo zokuva zihlala zicetyiswa njengonyango lwazo zonke iintlobo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuchonga uhlobo onalo, ugqirha wakho unokufumana umbono wokuba imeko iya kuyichaphazela njani ubomi bakho. Umzekelo, umntu one-neural presbycusis unokuba nobunzima bokuqonda intetho, okanye ukwahlulahlula intetho .

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndinesi sifo?

I-Presbycusis yimeko eqhubekayo eqhubeka ngokuhamba kwexesha.Oku kuthetha ukuba kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, ukuva kwakho kusenokuncipha kancinci kunanamhlanje. Kodwa, akukho nto inokubangela ixhala. Le meko ingalawulwa kakuhle ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuncedisa ukuva. Abantu abaninzi abalahlekelwa kukuva kwabo njengoko bekhula baphila ngempumelelo ngale ndlela.

Ngaba i-presbycusis ingathintelwa?

Kanye njengokuba ukwaluphala kungenakuyekiswa, kunzima nokuthintela ngokupheleleyo le meko. Yinxalenye yendalo yenkqubo yokwaluphala. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukulawula izinga apho kwenzeka khona ukulahleka kokuva, okanye ukunciphisa ubukhali bemeko:

• Sebenzisa ii-earplugs okanye ezinye izixhobo zokukhusela kwiindawo ezinengxolo ephezulu. Umzekelo, ukuba uya kwikonsathi yomculo okanye usebenza kwindawo yokwakha.
• Mamela iTV kunye nonomathotholo isandi siphantsi. Musa ukunyusa isandi kakhulu, ingakumbi xa umamele umculo okanye ubukele iimuvi ngee-headphone.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukuzikhusela kwingxolo enkulu, hlala kude nabo kangangoko unako. Umzekelo, ukuba uya kwikonsathi ungenazo ii-earplugs, hlala kude kancinci nezithethi.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka. Ukutshaya kuchaphazela ukujikeleza kwegazi lethu kunye nokuva kwethu. Akupheleli apho, kodwa abantu abatshayayo banokuphulukana nokuva besebancinci kunabanye. Ukuba ufuna uncedo lokuyeka ukutshaya, qhagamshelana nogqirha.
• Nyamekela impilo yakho iyonke. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kweemeko ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, nesifo sentliziyo kunye nokulahlekelwa kukuva. Ngoko ke, ukuzikhusela kwezi meko kunokunceda ekulawuleni ukulahlekelwa kukuva.

Ndingazinyamekela njani ?

Nangona izixhobo zokuncedisa ukuva zinokukunceda uve ngcono, ukulahlekelwa kukuva akunakubuyiselwa. Ke ngoko, ukuphila nokulahlekelwa kukuva, nokuba usebenzisa izixhobo zokuncedisa ukuva, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba ngumceli mngeni. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokulawula le meko:

• Xelela abanye ngemeko yakho: Xelela usapho lwakho, abahlobo, kunye nabantu emsebenzini ukuba unengxaki yokuva. Banokukunceda emva koko. Umzekelo, banokukujonga ebusweni xa bethetha nawe baze bazame ukuthetha ngokucacileyo.
• Khusela iindlebe zakho: I-Presbycusis inokwenziwa mandundu ziingxolo ezinkulu, ngoko ke qiniseka ukuba unxibe ii-earplugs nanini na xa ukwindawo enomsindo.
• Nxiba izixhobo zakho zokuva rhoqo: Abanye abantu bayayeka ukusebenzisa izixhobo zabo zokuva kuba ziyazilimaza iindlebe zabo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une-presbycusis, ukunxiba izixhobo zakho zokuva rhoqo kunokunceda ukuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu. Ukuba uziva ungakhululekanga xa unxibe izixhobo zakho zokuva, thetha nogqirha wakho we-audiologist. Ungazilungisa ukuze zilingane nawe.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini i-audiologist yam?

Kuya kufuneka ubone ingcali ye-audiologist ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze uvavanye ukuva ukuze ubone ukuba ukuva kwakho kuye kwaba mandundu na. Ukuba usenengxaki yokuva nangona sele unxibe izixhobo zakho zokuva , qiniseka ukuba ubona ingcali ye-audiologist ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lokuva luqinisekisa ukuba une-presbycusis, ukubuza le mibuzo kuya kukunceda uyiqonde ngcono imeko:

• Ingakanani ingxaki yokuva kwam?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango olucetywayo? Ngaba udinga izixhobo zokuncedisa ukuva?
• Le meko ichaphazela njani ubomi bam bemihla ngemihla?
• Yintoni enye endifanele ndiyixhalabele?

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Presbycusis, ukulahleka kancinci kokuva njengoko sikhula, yinxalenye yenkqubo yokwaluphala. Ukuba unobunzima bokuqonda into ethethwa ngumntu, okanye ukuba kufuneka uphakamise isandi seTV rhoqo, kunokuba luphawu lokuba ukuva kwakho kuya kuba buthathaka kancinci. Nangona kungenakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo, ukunyamekela iindlebe zakho kunokunceda ukucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwale meko. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekuveni kwakho, ungathandabuzi ukubona ugqirha. Uya kukwazi ukuhlola imeko yakho, akuthumelele uvavanyo lokuva ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwaye akunike iingcebiso kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo. Khumbula, okukhona ifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kulula ukuyilawula!

I- Presbycusis, Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okunxulumene nobudala, Ukuva, Izixhobo zokuva, I-Tinnitus, Ingcali ye-Audiologist, i-Cochlea