Ngaba nawe uneengxaki ze-sinus ezihlala zikhona? Makhe sithethe nge-sinusitis engapheliyo!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi unentloko exineneyo, impumlo exineneyo, kwaye nokuba uthetha, kuvakala ngathi uthetha ngempumlo yakho? Ukuba le ngxaki iyaqhubeka kangangeenyanga, nangona ucinga ukuba iza kuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, usenokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-chronic sinusitis. Ungakhathazeki, le yinto eyenzeka kubantu abaninzi. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha, ngokungathi sithetha nomhlobo.

Yintoni le sinusitis engapheliyo?

Ngamafutshane, i-sinusitis engapheliyo kukudumba okanye usulelo lwe-sinuses zakho ixesha elide. Imeko eqhelekileyo ye-sinusitis ebukhali idla ngokuba bhetele kwiintsuku ezilishumi. Nangona kunjalo, i-sinusitis engapheliyo inokuhlala iiveki ezili-12, okanye iinyanga ezintathu, okanye nangaphezulu. Eyona nto ingcono kukuba oogqirha banokukunceda uyisuse. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kusenokufuneka uzame iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ukuze uyisuse ngokupheleleyo.

Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu? Jonga...

Ukuba une-sinusitis engapheliyo, unokufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukuziva ucinezelekile okanye ukuxinana ebusweni: Oku kunokuvakala ngakumbi empumlweni, kufutshane namehlo, nakwibunzi. Kuvakala ngathi kukho umntu okucinezelayo ngaphakathi.
• I-mucus etyebileyo, etyheli okanye eluhlaza: Le yincindi ephuma empumlweni okanye kwi-mucus ehla ngasemva komphimbo (i-postnasal drip). Oku kunokubakhathaza kakhulu abanye abantu.
• Ukuxinana kwempumlo: Ukuziva ngathi kunzima ukuphefumla.
• Intlungu Yamazinyo: Ngamanye amaxesha unokuba neentlungu kumazinyo akho angaphezulu, nto leyo enxulumene neempumlo zamazinyo.
• Intloko ebuhlungu: Intloko ebuhlungu, ingakumbi ebusweni.
• Ukukhwehlela: Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, ngamanye amaxesha kube kubi ngakumbi ebusuku.
• Ukudinwa: Ukuziva udiniwe kwaye ungenabomi ngalo lonke ixesha.
• Intlungu yendlebe: Abanye abantu banokuba neentlungu zendlebe okanye ukuziva begcwele endlebeni.
• Ukulahlekelwa yivumba nencasa: Amandla okungcamla ukutya ``ageusia`` kunye nevumba ``anosmia``` anokuncipha.
• Umoya ombi (halitosis): Nokuba awuyiboni, abanye bayayiqaphela.

Ezi mpawu azibonakali ngendlela efanayo kuye wonke umntu. Abanye abantu banokuba nazo ezininzi, ngelixa abanye banokuba nenye okanye ezimbini kuphela.

Kutheni sifumana le sinusitis engapheliyo?

Ii-sinus zethu zinkqubo yeendawo ezingenanto ezidibeneyo ezikwi-cheekbones zethu, ebunzini, nasempumlweni. Umoya esiwuphefumlayo ngeempumlo zethu udlula kwezi sinus ngaphambi kokuba ungene emiphungeni yethu.

Ezi ngxunya ze-sinus zigcwele izicwili. Zikwavelisa i-mucus. Le mucus igcina ingaphakathi lempumlo yethu imanzi. Ayipheleli apho, kodwa le mucus ikwanceda ekubambeni nasekususeni izinto ezifana neebhaktheriya, iintsholongwane, kunye nothuli olungena empumlweni nomoya.

Kwi-sinusitis ehlala ixesha elide, ii-membrane ezikule mingxunya ye-sinus ziyavuvukala.Emva koko ngamanye amaxesha i-mucus iyabhajwa kwaye ayikwazi ukuphuma kakuhle. Ekubeni sineembobo ezininzi zeesinus, oku kudumba kunokuchaphazela i-sinus enye okanye ezingaphezulu.

Zininzi izizathu ezinokubangela le meko:

• Iimeko ezithintela iindlela zakho zomoya: Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-asthma, i-allergies, okanye i-cystic fibrosis zinokuvala ngokulula iindlela zakho ze-sinus.
• Usulelo lwamazinyo: Ngamanye amaxesha usulelo olukwizinyo eliphezulu lunokusasazeka luye kwimingxunya ye-sinus kwaye lubangele le ngxaki.
• Ubuthathaka bomzimba: Ukuba amandla omzimba wakho okumelana nesifo aphantsi, unamathuba amaninzi okufumana usulelo olubangela i-sinusitis.
• Iipolyps zempumlo (ukukhula okufana nomhlaza): Ezi zihluma ezithambileyo nezingenabuhlungu ezikhula ngaphakathi kwempumlo okanye kwimingxunya ye-sinus. Zinokuvala imingxunya ye-sinus.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokuphuhlisa oku? (Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko)

Ukuba une-asthma okanye i-allergies, usenokuba sengozini yokuba ne-sinusitis engapheliyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ezi meko zinokubangela ukuba iindlela zakho zomoya zivuvuke okanye zicasuke, nto leyo enokwenza ukuba ii-sinus membranes zakho zidumbe ngakumbi.

Khawucinge nje, bangaphi abantu kwilizwe lethu abane-aleji kwizinto ezifana nothuli, umsi weemoto, kunye ne-pollen evela kwiintyatyambo ezithile? Kufuneka bahlale besokola nezi ngxaki ze-sinus.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba oku akunanzwa? (Iingxaki)

Ukuba i-sinusitis engapheliyo ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha usulelo lunokusasazeka ngaphandle kwemingxunya ye-sinus. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuba usulelo lusasazeke emehlweni, emathanjeni, ebuchotsheni, okanye nakwi-spinal cord. Yiyo loo nto kungengombono ulungileyo ukungayinaki.

Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto? (Uxilongo)

Ukuba iimpawu zakho zosulelo lwe-sinus bezikho kangangeeveki ezili-12 nangaphezulu, ugqirha unokukrokrela ukuba unesifo se-sinusitis esingapheliyo. Banokwenza uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• Ukuhlola ingaphakathi lempumlo yakho nge-endoscope: Le yityhubhu encinci, exhotyiswe ngekhamera enokusetyenziswa ukujonga ngaphakathi kwempumlo yakho nakwimingxuma ye-sinus. Ngamanye amaxesha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili linokuthathwa ngale nto lize lihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope (biopsy).
• I-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan: Ezi zinokujonga ii-polyps empumlweni okanye i-septum ephambukile. Ezi mvavanyo zinceda ukubona ngokucacileyo ingaphakathi lee-sinus cavities.
• I-Biopsy: Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba ingxaki yakho ibangelwa yinto engeyiyo i-sinusitis engapheliyo, njengosulelo lwefungus. Nangona kunjalo, i-biopsy ayifane yenziwe ukuze kufunyanwe i-sinusitis engapheliyo.

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Injongo ephambili yonyango lwe-sinusitis yexesha elide kukulawula okanye ukunciphisa ukudumba. Oku kungenxa yokuba le meko idla ngokuvela xa imingxunya ye-sinus ivutha yinto ethile. Nangona kunjalo, iindlela zonyango zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika izinto ezifana nezi:

• Ukunkcenkceshela ngetyuwa empumlweni: Oku kunceda ekukhupheni i-mucus kunye nezinto ezikucaphukisayo ngaphakathi empumlweni. Ungakwenza oku usebenzisa isisombululo setyuwa esifumaneka kwikhemesti okanye kwimbiza ye-neti.
• Izitshizi ze-steroid zempumlo: Ezi zinciphisa ukudumba kwiisinuses.
• Utyando: Kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kulungiswe i-septum ephambukileyo, kususwe ii-polyps zeempumlo, kuvuleke imingxunya yee-sinus, okanye kususwe iibhola zefungus ezivala ii-sinus.
• Ibhaluni ye-sinuplasty: Le yindlela yokuvula imingxunya ye-sinus. Ibhaluni encinci ifakwa ngempumlo ize ivuthelwe ukuze ivule indlela ye-sinus evalekileyo.

Khumbula, olu nyango alufani kuye wonke umntu. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ngolona nyango lufanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.

Ngaba ayinakuthintelwa ngaphambi kokuba ikhule?

Ukunyamekela izinto ezithile kunokukunceda uthintele usulelo kunye ne-sinusitis ende:

• Fumana unyango olufanelekileyo kwiimeko ezinokubangela i-sinusitis, ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-allergies.
• Ziphephe izinto (i-allergens) ezicaphukisa ii-sinus zakho, ezifana ne-dander yezilwanyana, uthuli, i-pollen, umsi, kunye nomngundo.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, zama ukuyeka. Ukuba awutshayi, hlala kude nomsi osetyenziswa ngabanye abantu.
• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi ukuze uzikhusele kwiintsholongwane.
• Hlamba imingxunya yempumlo yakho ngesisombululo se-saline. Ungasebenzisa isisombululo onokusithenga kwikhemesti okanye kwi-neti pot.
• Sebenzisa isixhobo sokufumisa umoya ukuze ugcine iimpumlo zakho zimanzi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu xa ukwigumbi elinomoya opholileyo.

Ngaba oku kunganyangwa ngokupheleleyo?

Ewe, inokunyangeka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Umzekelo, ukuba une-sinusitis engapheliyo ngenxa yee-polyps zempumlo, ukususa ezo polyps kunokunceda.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ubuneempawu ze-sinusitis kangangeeveki, ngoku lixesha lokuba ubone ugqirha. Ukuba une-mucus etyebileyo, eluhlaza, okanye emthubi ephuma empumlweni yakho, okanye ukuba unentlungu xa ucinezela impumlo yakho, ebunzi, okanye ecaleni kwamehlo akho, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ufune ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ngaba kukho into endinokuyenza ekhaya ukuze ndifumane isiqabu?

Ewe, kunye namayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho, ungazama ezi zinto ekhaya:

• Hlamba ngamanzi ashushu: Umphunga ophuma emanzini ashushu unokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-sinus. Ukuba awunalo ixesha lokuhlamba, khupha ilaphu elifakwe emanzini ashushu uze ulibeke phezu kobuso bakho.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi: Ukusela amanzi kunye nolwelo olucacileyo kunceda ekunciphiseni umhluzi obambeke empumlweni kwaye kuncede ukuba ukhuphe amanzi lula.
• Phumla ngakumbi: I-sinusitis engapheliyo inokuphazamisa ubuthongo bakho. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, zama ukulala kancinci emini. I-Sinusitis ibangelwa lusulelo, kwaye ukuphumla ngakumbi kuya kuyinceda iphile.

Zeziphi izinto ofuna ukuzibuza ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungabuza le mibuzo:

• Kutheni ndinesi sifo esingapheliyo se-sinusitis?
• Loluphi unyango olucebisayo?
• Ngaba olu nyango luza kuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo imeko yam?

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-sinusitis engapheliyo kunye ne-sinusitis ephindaphindayo?

I-sinusitis engapheliyo kuxa iimpawu ziqhubeka ixesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, i-sinusitis ephindaphindayo kuxa uneziqendu ezine okanye ngaphezulu ze-sinusitis ngonyaka, kodwa kukho amaxesha okungabikho zimpawu phakathi kwazo. Nguwo lowo umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini.

I-sinusitis engapheliyo ayisiyosifo siyingozi, kodwa ingakwenza ungakhululeki kakhulu. Usenokungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla kwaye uzive ngathi urhuqa iinyawo. Iimpawu zinokubangela ukuba ulahlekelwe bubuthongo kwaye uzive udiniwe. Usenokuba sele uqhelene nayo kangangoko ngoku, kodwa akulula ukuhlala nempumlo exineneyo, ukukhohlela, kunye nesifo sengqondo esingapheliyo kangangeeveki. Ukuba kunjalo kuwe, bona ugqirha ngaphandle kokuthandabuza. Uya kufumanisa ukuba yintoni ebangela i-sinusitis yakho engapheliyo aze akunike unyango olufanelekileyo. Baya kucebisa nezinto onokuzenza ukuze unciphise iimpawu zakho de uphile.

Ngoko ke, yintoni eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule?

Kulungile, masikukhumbuze ngezinto ezimbalwa esithethe ngazo esicinga ukuba zibalulekile kuwe:

• I-sinusitis engapheliyo yi-sinusitis ehlala iiveki ezingaphezu kwe-12.
• Ukuxinana kwempumlo, umkhwinya otyebileyo, iintlungu zobuso, kunye nentloko ebuhlungu ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo.
• Izinto ezifana ne-allergies, i-nasal polyps, kunye nobuthathaka bokuzikhusela komzimba zinokubangela oku.
• Iingxaki zinokwenzeka ukuba azinyangwa, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango.
• Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango, kwaye ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi ekulungeleyo.
• Unokufumana isiqabu ekhaya ngokuhlamba ngomphunga oshushu, ukusela amanzi amaninzi, nokuphumla.
• Ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi uza kulufumana luluncedo. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Sinusitis, i-sinusitis engapheliyo, ukuxinana kwempumlo, i-phlegm, intloko ebuhlungu, ukudumba kwe-sinus, i-sinusitis