Sonke sithetha ngezifo, kodwa kukho ezinye izifo ezinxulumene neziganeko ezithile zembali. Elinye ibali elibuhlungu kangaka yi-Agent Orange, esithetha ngayo namhlanje. Usenokuba awukaze ulive eli gama ngaphambili. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ngempembelelo elibe nayo kubomi bezigidi zabantu.
Yintoni le Agent Orange?
Ngamafutshane, i-Agent Orange sisibulali-zinambuzane esinamandla kakhulu . Sasetyenziswa ngumkhosi waseMelika ngexesha leMfazwe yaseVietnam ukususela ngo-1962 ukuya ku-1971. Injongo yabo yayikukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo ihlathi elixineneyo kunye nemithi apho imikhosi yotshaba yayizimela khona. Khawuthelekelele, ngeli xesha, iilitha ezili-11 lezigidi ze-Agent Orange zatshizwa kwindawo emalunga ne-20 yezigidi zeehektare eVietnam.
Kodwa emva kokuba kuvele ubungqina beengozi zayo, oko kukuthi iziphumo zayo ezibulalayo ebantwini, i-United States yayivala ngokupheleleyo imveliso nokusetyenziswa kwale herbicide ngo-1971. Kodwa ngelo xesha, umonakalo wawusele wenziwe.
Bangaphi abantu abachaphazeleke yile khemikhali ibulalayo?
Enyanisweni, akukho mntu waziyo ukuba bangaphi abantu abachaphazelekileyo. Kodwa uqikelelo lubonisa ukuba phantse amajoni aseMelika azizigidi ezi-3 awayekhonza eVietnam ngelo xesha kunye nabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezi-3 ababehlala eVietnam kusenokwenzeka ukuba babechaphazelekile yile khemikhali. Oku kubonisa indlela eyayitshabalalisa ngayo le nto.
Zithini iimpawu zokuchatshazelwa yi-Agent Orange?
Imiphumo yale khemikhali iyahluka kumntu nomntu. Nangona abanye abantu befumana iimpawu ezingephi, abanye banesifo esibi kakhulu. Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-acne ebusweni | Iimpundu ezibukhali, ingakumbi ezimnyama. |
| Usulelo oluqhelekileyo | Izifo ezixhaphakileyo kunye nosulelo ziyenzeka ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka. |
| Ukungabi nangqondo kwamalungu | Ukuziva ngathi kukho ukurhawuzelela ezandleni nasezinyaweni, ukuziva ngathi ziimbovane zibaleka zijikeleza, okanye ukuziva ngathi kukho ukurhawuzelela. |
| Ukudinwa kakhulu (Ukudinwa) | Ukudinwa kakhulu nokudinwa ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukuphefumla nzima okanye ukuphefumla nzima. |
| Ukudumba komzimba (i-Edema) | Ukudumba, ingakumbi emilenzeni nasemaqatheni. |
| Ukungcangcazela kwemisipha (ukungcangcazela) | Izihlunu ezifana namalungu ziyangcangcazela nokuba ziphumle, oko kukuthi, zimile nje. |
Zeziphi izifo ezinzulu ezinokubangela oku?
Iingxaki zempilo ezibangelwa kukudibana ne-Agent Orange zimbi kakhulu. Nangona zizifo ezili-14 kuphela ezachongwa ekuqaleni, uphando lubonise ukuba zininzi ezinye izifo ezinxulunyaniswa nayo.
Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu ngale nto kukuba ezi ziphumo zinokubonakala nasemva kweminyaka emininzi zibonakalisiwe. Kwakhona, ngenxa yeziphumo ezibe nazo kubazali, nabantwana abazalwe babeneziphene ezinzulu zokuzalwa .
Uluhlu olungezantsi luqulathe ezinye zezifo ezichongiweyo.
- Iintlobo zeMihlaza:
- Umhlaza wesinyi
- I-leukemia yeeseli ze-B
- I-lymphoma yeHodgkin
- I-myeloma eninzi
- I-lymphoma engeyiyo iHodgkin
- Umhlaza weprostate
- Umhlaza wenkqubo yokuphefumla (umz. umhlaza wemiphunga)
- I-sarcoma yezicubu ezithambileyo
- Ezinye izifo ezinzulu:
- I-AL amyloidosis - ukubekwa kweproteni engaqhelekanga kwizitho zomzimba.
- I-Chloracne - isifo esibi kakhulu sesikhumba.
- Uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile
- I-Hypothyroidism - ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-thyroid gland.
- Isifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Ischemic - Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni.
- Isifo sikaParkinson kunye neParkinsonism
- I-peripheral neuropathy
- I-Porphyria - sisifo esichaphazela ulusu kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
- Iziphene ezinzulu zokuzalwa, ukuphuphuma kwesisu, kunye nokukhula okungaqhelekanga komntwana ongekazalwa.
I-Agent Orange inazo njani ezi ziphumo?
Ingcambu yalo lonke olu tshabalalo yikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi -dioxin ekwi-Agent Orange. I-Dioxin yinto enobuthi kakhulu eyenziwa xa i-chlorine, i-carbon kunye ne-hydrogen zitshiswa. Iyingozi kakhulu ebantwini, kwizilwanyana nakwizityalo.
Xa i-dioxin ingena emzimbeni, yonakalisa amalungu ethu abalulekileyo, iiseli, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, kunye nenkqubo yeehomoni. I-Dioxin yi-carcinogen enamandla .
Iziphumo zaye zanda ngakumbi kukuba kwafafazwa ngaphezulu kwama-20 kwesixa esicetyiswa ngumvelisi kwindalo esingqongileyo. Iziphumo zoku zisabonakala nanamhlanje kwezinye iindawo zaseVietnam naphakathi kwabo bathathe inxaxheba emfazweni.
Kwenzeke njani oku ebantwini?
- Ngokuphefumla umsi onetyhefu.
- Ngokusela ukutya okanye amanzi angcoliswe yile khemikhali.
- Ngokudibana nomphezulu wesikhumba kunye nokufunxwa emzimbeni ngesikhumba.
- Iikhemikhali ezisemoyeni zingena emzimbeni ngamehlo, ngomlomo, okanye emanxebeni esikhumba.
Ziphathwa njani ezi meko?
Akukho nyango lunye lweziphumo zokuvezwa yi-Agent Orange. Unyango luxhomekeke kwimeko ethile umntu anayo.
- Ukususwa kweethumba ngotyando okanye unyango lwemitha yomhlaza .
- Utyando lokulungisa iziphene zokuzalwa .
- Ukubonelela ngamayeza ezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye neParkinson's .
- Ukutya ukutya okunempilo nokunokulinganisela.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha wakho akuhlole aze akhethe unyango olulungele wena. Unyango olulungele omnye umntu lusenokungasebenzi komnye umntu.
Esona sifundo sibalulekileyo esinokusifunda kweli bali kukuba ingozi yexesha elide, phakathi kwezizukulwana ezahlukeneyo inokubangela njani ebantwini ziikhemikhali ezinobuthi ezikhutshwa kwindalo esingqongileyo.
Ngoko ke, ukuba uneempawu ezingaphezulu kwesinye kwezikhankanyiweyo kweli nqaku (umz., ukudinwa kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukungakhululeki ezandleni nasezinyaweni, usulelo oluqhelekileyo) ngaxeshanye kwaye ixesha elide, ungakhathazeki ngayo kwaye ngoko nangoko ubone ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Agent Orange sisibulali-zinambuzane esinobuthi esisetyenziswa kakhulu ngexesha leMfazwe yaseVietnam.
- Ikhemikhali equlethwe apha yi-dioxin, ebangela izifo ezininzi ezinzulu, kuquka nomhlaza.
- Iziphumo zokuchatshazelwa yile khemikhali zinokubonakala nasemva kweminyaka emininzi.
- Oku kunokuchaphazela abazali kwaye kubangele neziphene ezinzulu zokuzalwa kwabantwana babo.
- Nangona oku kunganxulumananga ngokuthe ngqo neSri Lanka, sisifundo esibaluleke kakhulu esisifundisa ngomonakalo obangelwa kukungcoliswa kwendalo kwimpilo yabantu.
- Kubalulekile rhoqo ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ukuba uneempawu ezingachazwanga nezihlala ixesha elide.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
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